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NUR 333 Funds II > Urinary Elimination > Flashcards

Urinary Elimination Flashcards

1
Q

Micturition

A

complex process involving bladder, urinary sphincters and CNS

voiding

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2
Q

What muscles are involved in voiding?

A

bladder contraction
urethral sphincter
pelvic floor muscles
impulses from brain

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3
Q

What is the process of voiding by the body?

A

CNS sends response of urge
external sphincter activates
bladder empties

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4
Q

Factors influencing urinary elimination

A

growth and development
sociocultural factors
psych factors
surgery
personal habits
fluid intake
patho conditions
Dx tests

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5
Q

Urinary changes in OA

A

Decreased amount of nephrons, bladder control and capacity, time between desire and urgent need

Increased bladder irritability and contractions during filling, risk of incontinence

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6
Q

Urinary retention

A

inability to fully or partially empty bladder

can be acute or chronic

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7
Q

Dx of urinary retention

A

bladder scan post void
applying pressure watching for pain or tenderness

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8
Q

Is a bladder scan an independent or dependent intervention?

A

independent

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9
Q

UTI

A

most common HAI

from E. coli

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10
Q

Upper UTI

A

kidney infection

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11
Q

Risk factors for UTI

A

indwelling catheter use
urinary retention
incontinence
poor peri hygiene
FEMALES
sex frequently
uncircumcised males

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12
Q

How do elderly present with UTI?

A

neuro problems
falls

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13
Q

S/Sx UTI

A

dysuria
burning with peeing
urgency
frequency
incontinence
foul smell
cloudy, dark urine

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14
Q

CAUTI

A

catheter associated UTI
major risk of in dwelling catheter

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15
Q

Urinary incontinence

A

involuntary loss of urine

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16
Q

Types of urinary incontinence

A

Stress **women laugh, cough, sneeze
Overflow **men with prostate issues
Urgency

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17
Q

Nocturia

A

voiding at night

18
Q

Risk factors for incontinence

A

women and elderly
obesity
multiple pregnancies/vaginal births
neuro disorders
meds
confusion, dementia
immobility, depression

19
Q

What is a normal urine output?

A

> 30mL per hour

20
Q

urine color

A

normal: pale straw to amber

abnormal: hematoma color changes

21
Q

Urine clarity

A

normal: transparent

abnormal: cloudy, thick
(from sitting in bladder)

22
Q

Urine odor

A

normal: odorless, ammonia

abnormal: offensive, food, fruity (acetone)

23
Q

Measurement of urine

A

catheter
foley bag with urometer
q4-8 hours
urinals
specihat

24
Q

Normal urine pH

A

4.6-8

25
Q

Urinalysis

A

way to test urine
collect during normal void
fresh new urine needed

26
Q

Can urine be taken from a catheter bag for a urinalysis?

A

no

27
Q

What should be negative in a urinalysis?

A

electrolytes
ketones
proteins
WBC

28
Q

Culture/Sensitivity

A

clean void/mia stream
catheter - sterile
urinary diversion
must be sent within 30 min
results in 24 hours

29
Q

Abdominal x-ray KUB

A

determines shape, symmetry, locations and structures of urinary tract

detects and measures urinary calculus (kidney stones)

no special prep

30
Q

Normal fluid intake

A

2300 mL per day if renal function is intact and no need for restrictions

helps flush out solute to limit bladder irritation

31
Q

What should you do for nocturia patients before bed?

A

Stop drinking fluids 2 hours before

32
Q

Urinary catheter care

A

single lumen (I and O)
indwelling (balloon)
3 lumen (meds or irrigation)
coude tip (curved)
suprapubic (thru abdominal wall)
external (condom or pure wick)

33
Q

When should you empty a urine bag?

A

1/2 full

34
Q

Can peri care before catheter insertion be delegated?

A

yes

35
Q

How soon should patients void after removal of catheter?

A

6-8 hours

36
Q

When doing an I and O catheter, should you use the same catheter each time?

A

No, use a different one each time

37
Q

What output is necessary post surgery or catheter removal?

A

30mL/hr

38
Q

What are labs to assess kidney function?

A

Creatinine
BUN
AST
ALT

39
Q

What condition can place a patient at risk for UTI?

A

diabetes mellitus

40
Q

What kind of catheter should be used for a male with an enlarged prostate?

A

coude tip catheter

41
Q

Who is more likely to experience stress urinary incontinence?

A

women

NUR 333 Funds II (9 decks)

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