Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NUR 333 Funds II > Pain > Flashcards

Pain Flashcards

1
Q

Transduction

A

nerve receptor converts action potential by stimuli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Transmission

A

Action potential travels to nerve fibers of spinal cord and brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Perception

A

Action potential reached brain and cerebral cortex area to interpret stimuli as pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Modulation

A

Neurons activate inhibitory mediators and causes pain relief

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Acute pain

A

warns people of harm of disease

protective mechanism

limited tissue damage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the duration of acute pain?

A

Short duration

<3 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Chronic Pain

A

not protective

goal: improve functional status

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the duration of chronic pain?

A

Longer, >3-6 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are signs of acute pain?

A

Increased BP, HR, RR, dilated pupils and sweating

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Cancer Pain

A

arises from abnormal or damaged nerves related to chemo, tumor, toxicities, etc.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Descriptive words of nociceptive pain

A

aching, gnawing, pounding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Descriptive words for Neuropathic Pain

A

burning, shooting, tingling, shocking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Examples of neuropathic pain

A

phantom pain
diabetic neuropathy
spinal pain
amputated limbs
compression injuries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Somatic Pain

A

bones, joints, muscles, skin or connective issues

well localized

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Cutaneous Pain

A

skin or SubQ tissue

well localized

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Visceral Pain

A

internal organs, referred pain

nonspecific

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Idiopathic Pain

A

form of chronic pain with no known cause

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Factors that influence pain

A

age
fatigue
genes
cognitive/neuro function
previous experiences
support system/coping
spirituality
anxiety/fear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Impacts of pain

A

quality of life
self care-hygiene, nutrition
work-absenteeism
social support-isolation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Wong Baker Pain Scale

A

used in ages 3+

based on facial expression of smiling to crying

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Pain Assessment

A

Provocative or palliative
Quality or quantity
Region or radiation
Severity
Timing
Understanding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Nonpharmacologic Pain Interventions

A

Guided imagery
Relaxation
Distraction
music
cutaneous stimulation
herbal supplements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What nonpharm method would be best for longer pain time?

A

relaxation and guided imagery

(labor pain)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What nonpharm method would be best for short timing pain?

A

Distraction

(IV)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What are examples of cutaneous stimulation?

A

massaging, temp (cold or hot) electrical nerve stimulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Pharmacological Pain Treatments

A

analgesics
opioids
nonopioids
adjuvants
lidocaine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What is the most common method of pain relief?

A

analgesics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Does acetaminophen have anti inflammatory effects?

A

no

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Do non opioids have a ceiling effect?

A

yes

30
Q

Do opioids have a ceiling effect?

A

no

31
Q

What is the max amount of Tylenol that can be taken?

A

4g/4000mg

32
Q

What causes GI bleeding to be so common in NSAIDs?

A

loss of protective GI lining

33
Q

What is the safest and most tolerated NSAID?

A

acetaminophen

34
Q

What are common side effects of opioids?

A

constipation
GI upset
confusion
drowsiness

35
Q

Should you start at the highest or lowest dose when administering opioids?

A

lowest

36
Q

What nursing intervention is often paired with administering opioids?

A

Stool softener or laxatives

37
Q

What is the main concern when administering opioids?

A

Respiratory depression

38
Q

What is the antidote for respiratory depression?

A

nalaxone

39
Q

Around the clock dosing

A

maximizes pain relief and potentially decreases use of opioids

Ex- percocet q4hrs

40
Q

Range order meds

A

doses vary over a prescribed range to provide flexibility

Ex- 2-6mg IV morphine

41
Q

What has to be done with Tylenol if ordered?

A

it has to be counted

42
Q

Patient controlled analgesia (PCA)

A

starts with a loading dose when programmed by nurse

ONLY THE PATIENT uses a bolus dose when needed

There is a lock out for frequency and limit

Must educate patient how and why to use

43
Q

Epidural Anesthesia

A

sterile procedure

can be bolus or continuous

44
Q

What are side effects of epidurals?

A

HYPOtension
N/V
urinary retention
constipation
respiratory depression

45
Q

What nursing actions should be done with epidurals?

A

monitor site placement
monitor for infection
monitor coags
monitor BP and HR
fall risk
may need catheter for urinary retention

46
Q

Tolerance

A

occurs with repeated exposure to med

associated with chronic opioid use

47
Q

Is tolerance a sign of addiction?

A

No

48
Q

Dependence

A

occurs with repeated exposure to meds

patients can have withdrawal if stopped abruptly

gradually decrease dosages

49
Q

Addiction

A

psychological dependence

overwhelming involvement with obtaining and using a drug for their mind altering effects

50
Q

What are signs of respiratory depression?

A

There are no visible signs

shallowed, low breathing

51
Q

Normal neuro changes in OA

A

degeneration of nerve cells
decreased: neurotransmitters
reaction/impulse conduction
voluntary reflexes

52
Q

Normal skin changes in OA

A

pallor in absence of anemia
loss of subQ fat
decreased skin elasticity
wrinkles
age spots

53
Q

Normal eye changes in OA

A

decrease visual acuity and accommodation

yellowing lenses
alternating color perception
presbyopia

increased sensitivity to glare

54
Q

Normal hearing changes in OA

A

prebycusis

55
Q

Normal taste changes in OA

A

taste buds lack of differentiation
atrophy of mucosa

56
Q

Normal cardiac changes in OA

A

decreased contractile strength of myocardium, cardiac output

abnormally increased BP

hypertrophy of heart

lower peripheral pulses

57
Q

Normal lung changes in OA

A

decreased lung expansion

AP diameter increases

58
Q

Normal thorax changes in OA

A

kyphosis
calcification of costal cartilage
less recoil of chest wall

59
Q

Normal GI changes in OA

A

increased fatty tissue in trunk and abd
decreased peristalsis, saliva production

delayed gastric emptying

60
Q

Normal GU changes in OA

A

hypertrophy in prostate for men
incontinence, UTI
weakened perineal and bladder muscles

61
Q

Does the sexual drive go away with older aged adults?

A

No

62
Q

Does memory or judgement become impaired with older adults?

A

No, they remain intact

63
Q

Intrinsic risk factors of falls

A

History of previous falls
fear of falling
muscle weakness
impaired vision
probs with balance and gait
chronic conditions

64
Q

Extrinsic risk factors of falls

A

poor lighting
lack of handrails in hallways or stairs
hazards for tripping
slippery and uneven surfaces
improper use of assistive devices
inappropriate footwear

65
Q

polypharmacy

A

concurrent use of multiple meds by a patient

66
Q

What are common signs of UTI and pneumonia?

A

confusion and incontinence

67
Q

Elder mistreatment

A

intentional act or failure to act that causes or creates a risk for harm to an older adult

68
Q

Psychosocial interventions

A

validation therapy
reality orientation
touch
therapeutic communication
reminiscence

69
Q

What are risks of delirium?

A

dehydration
malnutrition
HAI
urinary incontinence

70
Q

What nursing care should be done for delirium patients?

A

encourage fam to visit
provide memory cues
compensate for sensory deficits
use reality orientation

NUR 333 Funds II (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions