Urban New

Question 1

Why is urbanisation happening in developing countries

Answer 1

-economic development in concentrated in the cities
-push pull factors
-high rates of natural increase in population

Question 2

Why are developed countries urbanisation slower

Answer 2

-large proportion of the population already lives in towns and cities
-they have already urbanised when they were developing

Question 3

Reasons for suburbanisation

Answer 3

-transport links allow people to move between the city and suburb
-improvements in ICT mean people can work at home, do not have to work in the city
-high quality of life in the suburban areas, and overcrowding and congestion in the city

Question 4

Process of the generation of a city

Answer 4

1. Agglomeration at a favourable location e.g. mineral resource of river crossing points
2. Suburbanisation: the towns grow outwards/people move to outer parts of the town called suburbs
3. Commuting: dormitory settlement develop so people only sleep there
4. Urban regeneration: re using areas in the old parts of cities as people and businesses move to the suburbs and beyond
5. Counter urbanisation
6. Urban re-imaging: changing the way people view a city or town
7. Urbanisation of suburbs: make use of space to prevent urban sprawl. No longer just residential areas

Question 5

Factors affecting emergence of megacities/factors affecting urbanisation

Answer 5

-economic development, leading to rural to urban migration
-population growth from natural increase
-multiplier effect, more people moved there, more people need services, fuels more economic growth
-economies of scale: financial savings from transportation, communication between businesses and people is easier

Question 6

Problems in rapid urbanisation

Answer 6

-housing: nowhere to live, so they live in squatter settlements, poor facilities
-access to water and electricity: too much people to keep up. People rely on polluted streams and fire for lighting and cooking
-Traffic
-health: not enough doctors, and lack of clean respiratory issue from air pollution strains the healthcare service
-educational not enough
-employment: informal sector or unemployed
-social problems: crime
-environmental issues: air, water, noise

Question 7

Factors that affect urban land use patterns

Answer 7

-land value: high land value in the CBD is used by businesses who can afford the higher rates
-access to transport routes: things want to be located near transport routes, such as industrial near major roads, and residential near train or bus, same with businesses
-the amount of space required for activity e.g. business parks in large open area to accommodate all their facilities

Question 8

Factors contributing to counter urbanisation

Answer 8

-more green space, more quality of life
-improvements in communication networks mean people can work from home
-lower house prices