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ANATOMY 2 > Upper Respiratory tract > Flashcards

Upper Respiratory tract Flashcards

1
Q

Blood supply of External nose

A

ARTERY:

  • angular artery (facial a.)
  • Dorsal nasal artery (opthalmic artery)
  • External nasal branches (anterior ethmoidal a.)
  • Infraorbital artery (maxillary artery)

VEIN:

  • facial vein
  • Superior ophthalmic vein
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2
Q

Innervation of External nose

A
  • Ophthalmic nerve (sensory, ⇒Nasociliary)
  • Maxillary nerve (sensory, ⇒ infraorbital)
  • Facial nerve (motor)
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3
Q

Walls of Nasal Cavity

A 
SUPERIOR WALL:
- nasal bone
- nasal part of frontal bone
- cribriform plate of ethmoid bone
- body of sphenoid bone
INFERIOR WALL:
- palatine process of maxilla
- horizontal plate of palatine bone
- premaxilla
LATERAL WALL:
- maxilla anteriorly
- lacrimal bone
- ethmoid bone: superior and middle nasal concha
- inferior nasal concha
- perpendicular process of palatine bone
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4
Q

Superior nasal meatus

A
  • under superior nasal concha
  • posterior ethmoidal cells open
  • sphenoethmoidal recess⇒ sphenoid sinus drains into
  • sphenopalatine foramen
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5
Q

Middle nasal meatus

A
  • below middle nasal concha
  • frontal, maxillary and anterior ethmoidal air cells open
  • unicate process
  • ethmoidal bulla
  • semilunar hiatus
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6
Q

Inferior nasal meatus

A
  • below inferior nasal concha

- nasolacrimal duct opens

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7
Q

Blood supply of Lateral wall of nasal cavity

A

ARTERY:
- Anterior Ethmoidal artery (ophthalmic)
- Posterior Ethmoidal artery (ophthalmic)
- Sphenopalatine artery (maxillary)
- Lateral nasal branches of facial artery
- Alar branches of superior labial artery (facial)
VEIN:
- Ophthalmic vein
- Pterygoid venous plexus
- Facial vein

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8
Q

Innervation of Lateral wall of Nasal Cavity

A
  • ophthalmic nerve⇒ anterior and posterior ethmoidal nerves
  • maxillary nerve⇒
    posterior superior lateral nasal branches
    posterior inferior nasal branches
    infraorbital nerve
    anterior superior alveolar branches
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9
Q

Blood supply of Nasal Septum

A 
ARTERY:
- anterior ethmoidal artery (ophthalmic)
- posterior ethmoidal artery (ophthalmic)
- sphenopalatine (maxillary)
- superior labial artery (facial)
VEIN:
ophthalmic vein
- pterygoid venous plexus
- facial vein
LYMPH:
- anterior: ⇒ submandibular and superficial lymph nodes of anterior neck
- posterior: ⇒ retropharyngeal and deep cervical lymph nodes
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10
Q

Kiesselbach’s area

A

well developed cavernous area on the anterior portion of the nasal septum rich in capillaries and often site of bleeding

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11
Q

Innervation of Nasal Septum

A
  • Ophthalmic nerve⇒ anterior and posterior ethmoidal nerves
  • Maxillary nerve
    nasopalatine nerve od Scarpa
    posterior superior medial nasal branches
    infraorbital nerve
  • Olfactory nerves
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12
Q

Paranasal sinuses

A
  1. Frontal sinus (⇒ middle nasal meatus)
  2. Ethmoidal sinus (⇒superior and middle nasal meatus)
  3. Sphenoidal sinus (⇒ sphenoethmoidal recess)
  4. Maxilary sinus (⇒ middle nasal meatus)
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13
Q

Ligaments of Larynx

A
  1. Extrinsic ligaments:
    - Thyrohyoid membrane
    - Thyroepiglottic ligament
    - Hyoepiglottic ligament
    - Cricotracheal ligament
  2. Intrisic Ligaments:
    - Quadrangular membrane
    - Triangular membrane
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14
Q

Cricothyroideus

A

O: anterior arch of cricoid cartilage
I: wing of thyroid cartilage
I: superior laryngeal nerve
F: tenses vocal folds by tilting thyroid cartilage

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15
Q

Lateral cricoarytenoid

A

O: arch of cricoid cartilage
I: muscular process of Arytenoid cartilage
I: Recurrent laryngeal nerve
F: narrows rima glottides

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16
Q

Posterior Cricoarytenoid

A

O: posterior surface of cricoid cartilage
I: muscular process of arytenoid cartilage
I: recurrent laryngeal nerve
F: widens rima glottides

17
Q

Vocalis

A

O: posterior surface of thyroid cartilage
I: vocal process of arytenoid cartilage
I: recurrent laryngeal nerve
F: shortens and relaxes vocal cords

18
Q

Thyroarytenoid

A

O: inner surface of thyroid cartilage
I: muscular process of arytenoid cartilage
I: recurrent laryngeal nerve
F: constricts rima glottides

19
Q

Thyroepiglottic

A

O: inner surface of thyroid cartilage
I: epiglottis
I: recurrent laryngeal nerve
F: narrows rima glottides

20
Q

Aryepiglottic

A

O: arytenoid cartilage
I: epiglottis
I: recurrent laryngeal nerve
F: lowers epiglottis⇒ narrows entrance to larynx

21
Q

Mucosal folds of Larynx

A
  • Aryeepiglottic fold
  • Piriform recess: diverts food away
  • Plica Nervi laryngei: superior laryngeal vessels + nerve
  • Vestibular folds
  • True vocal folds
  • Laryngeal inlet
  • Vestibule of larynx
  • Rima vestibuli
  • Rima glottides
  • Laryngeal ventricle
22
Q

Innervation of larynx

A
  • Superior laryngeal nerve

- Inferior laryngeal nerve

23
Q

Blood supply of Larynx

A
  • Superior laryngeal artery (superior thyroid artery)

- Inferior laryngeal artery (inferior thyroid artery)

ANATOMY 2 (12 decks)

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