Retroperitoneal organs Flashcards
Position of kidneys
RIGHT:
- lower, Th12-L3
LEFT:
- Th11-L2
Capsules of Kidney
- Fibrous capsule: innermost
- Perirenal adipose capsule
- Renal fascia of Gerota: outermost
- Pararenal fat body
Renal hilum
ant: RENAL VEIN
middle: RENAL ARTERY
post: URETER
Renal pelvis
1 ureter ⇒ 1 pelvis ⇒ 3 major calices ⇒ 9-12 minor calices ⇒ renal papillae
Blood supply of Kidney
ARTERY:
- Renal artery ⇒ segmental a⇒ interlobar a ⇒ arcuate a ⇒ interlobular a ⇒ afferent glomerular arteriole
- accessory renal artery
VEIN:
- renal vein ⇒ segmental vein ⇒ IVC/left testicular vein
Innervation of Kidney
sympathetic: abdominopelvic splanchnic nerves
parasympathetic: Vagal trunks
Constriction sites of Ureter
- junction of ureter + renal pelvis
- before enters to pelvis at pelvic brim
- opening into urinary bladder
Ureter crossings
- Psoas major + genitofemoral nerve (ureter on top)
- Testicular/ovarian artery and vein (ureter behind)
- Common iliac artery (ureter in front)
- Uterine artery/ductus deference (ureter behind)
Blood supply of Ureter
ARTERY: - renal arteries - testicular/ovarian artery - abdominal aorta - common iliac artery VEIN: - renal + gonadal vein LYMPH: - lumbar lymph nodes + common iliac lymph nodes - internal iliac lymph nodes
Shape of Suprarenal glands
RIGHT: frengian cap shaped(pyramidal)
LEFT: crescent shaped (semilunar)
Blood supply of Suprarenal glands
ARTERY:
- superior suprarenal artery (inferior phrenic artery)
- middle suprarenal artery (abdominal aorta)
- inferior suprarenal artery (renal artery)
VEIN:
- right suprarenal vein ⇒ IVC
- left suprarenal vein ⇒ left renal vein
LYMPH:
- lumbar lymph nodes
Innervation of Suprarenal glands
celiac plexus
abdominopelvic splanchinc nerves
Subdivisions of Aorta
- Ascending aorta
- left and right coronary arteries - Aortic arch (⇒Th4)
- brachiocephalic trunk
- left common carotid
- left subclavian artery - Descending aorta (Th4⇒Th12)
- bronchial
- esophageal
- pericardial
- mediastinal
- posterior intercostals
- subcostal
- superior phrenic - Abdominal aorta (Th12⇒L4)
- celiac trunk
- SMA + IMA
- inferior phrenic
- lumbar + median sacral
- middle suprarenal
- renal
- gonadal
Inferior Vena Cava
- formed at right side of L5 from 2 common iliac veins
- through diaphragm at Th8
Receives blood from:
⇒ right gonadal vein
⇒ right suprarenal vein
⇒ right inferior phrenic vein
⇒ left and right renal veins
⇒ 3rd and 4th lumbar veins
⇒ hepatic veins
Thoracic duct
- Starts anterior to bodies of L1-L2 vertebrae
- begins as CHYLE CISTERN
- formed by:
- right and left lumbar lymphatic ducts
- intestinal lymph trunks
- descending thoracic lymphatic trunks
- ascends through aortic hiatus of diaphragm
- receives from:
- collecting intercostal trunks
- posterior mediastinal structures
- jugular trunk
- subclavian trunk
- bronchomediastinal lymphatic trunk
- empties into LEFT VENOUS ANGLE
