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ANATOMY 2 > Tounge, Palate, Teeth, Salivary glands, Pharynx > Flashcards

Tounge, Palate, Teeth, Salivary glands, Pharynx Flashcards

1
Q

Borders of oral cavity

A

sup: Hard and Soft Palates
inf: Mylohyoid muscle, Geniohyoid muscles
lat: teeth arches, buccinator muscle, Bichat’s fat pad
ant: lips
post: Isthmus of Fauces

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2
Q

Parts of the Lips

A

External cutaneous part (stratified squamous keratinized epith.)
Internal mucous part ( stratified squamous non-keratinized epith.)
Vermilion border

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3
Q

Lingual papillae

A
  1. Circumvallate (ant. to terminal sulcus, taste buds)
  2. Foliate (lat. side of tongue, taste buds)
  3. Filiform (sensitive to touch)
  4. Fungiform (taste buds)
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4
Q

Genioglossus

A 
extrinsic muscle of tongue
O: mental spine
I: fans out from apex
I: Hypoglossal nerve
F: depression of tongue, protraction
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5
Q

Hyoglossus

A 
extrinisc muscle of tongue
O: greater horn and body of hyoid
I: lateral side and inferior surface
I: Hypoglossal nerve
F: depresses and retracts
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6
Q

Styloglossus

A 
extrinsic muscle of tongue
O: styloid process, stylohyoid ligament
I: side and anterior 
I: Hypoglossal nerve
F: pulls tip back, pulls tongue up and back
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7
Q

Palatoglossus

A 
extrinsic muscle of tongue and soft palate
O: palatine aponeurosis
I: side
I: Pharyngeal plexus
F: elevates posterior part
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8
Q

Intrinsic muscles of tongue

A
  1. Superior longitudinal
  2. Inferior longitudinal
  3. Transversus
  4. Verticalis
    I: Hypoglossal nerve
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9
Q

Innervation of tongue

A

Motor: Hypoglossal nerve
Genersal sensory: Lingual(V/3), Glossopharyngeal
Taste sensation: Chorda tympani (VII), Glossopharyngeal
Epiglottis: Vagus nerve

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10
Q

Vasculature of tongue

A

External carotid - lingual a -

  1. Dorsal lingual a.
  2. Deep lingual a
  3. Sublingual a
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11
Q

Pirogoff triangle

A 
BORDERS:
sup: hypoglossal nerve
ant: posterior margin of mylohyoid
inf: tendon of digastric, stylohyoid
CONTENT:
lingual artery
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12
Q

Beclard triangle

A 
BORDERS:
sup: tendon of digastric
post: free margin of hyoglossus
inf: greater horn of hyoid bone
CONTENT:
lingual artery
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13
Q

Lateral groove of tongue

A 
BORDERS:
med: hyoglossus m
lat: mylohyoid m
sup: sublingual mucous membrane
CONTENT:
lingual nerve
submandibular duct
hypoglossal nerve
sublingual gland
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14
Q

Medial groove of tongue

A 
BORDERS:
med: genioglossus m
lat: hyoglossus m
CONTENT:
lingual artery
glossopharyngeal nerve
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15
Q

Hard Palate

A 
BONES:
premaxilla
palatine process of maxilla
horizontal plates of palatine bones
FORAMINA:
incisive fossa (nasopalatine nerve)
greater palatine foramen (greater palatine nerves and vessels)
lesser palatine foramen (lesser palatine nerve and vessels)
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16
Q

Soft Palate

A

ant: Aponeurotic palate
post: Muscular palate
midline: Uvula
lat: Palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal arches

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17
Q

Tensor veli palatini

A 
muscle of soft palate
O: scaphoid fossa, membranous part of Auditory tube
I: palatine aponeurosis
I: branch of mandibular nerve
F: tenses palate and opens auditory tube
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18
Q

Levator veli palatini

A 
muscle of soft palate
O: temporal bone, cartilaginous part of Auditory tube
I: palatine aponeurosis
I: pharyngeal plexus
F: elevates soft palate up and back
19
Q

Palatopharyngeus

A 
muscle of soft palate
O: palatine aponeurosis, hard palate
I: lateral wall of pharynx
I: pharyngeal plexus
F: tenses palate, pulls walls of pharynx during swallowing
20
Q

Musculos Uvulae

A 
muscle of soft palate
O: palatine aponeurosis
I: mucosa of uvula
I: pharyngeal plexus
F: shortens uvula and pulls it superiorly
21
Q

Vasculature of palates

A

Greater palatine artery
Branch of descending palatine artery (maxillary)
Lesser palatine artery (facial)

22
Q

Innervation of Palate

A

Greater palatine nerve
Nasopalatine nerve
Lesser palatine nerve

23
Q

Waldeyer’s lymphatic pharyngeal ring

A

Pharyngeal tonsil
2 Tubal tonsils
2 Palatine tonsils
Lingual tonsil

24
Q

Heterodont dentition

A

Incisors
Canines
Premolars
Molars

25
Q

Surfaces of teeth

A

Masticatory surface
Vestibular surface
Lingual or Palatal surface
Approximal surface- Mesial and distal

26
Q

Parts of teeth

A 
Crown: covered by enamel
Dentine: avascular ivory forming mass under enamel
Cementum: bonelike mineralized tissue
Pulp cavity: loose CT, vessles
Neck of tooth
Root: attached to periodontal ligament
SUPPORTING STRUCTURES:
periodontal ligament
Periodontium
Tooth socket
Interraidicular septa
27
Q

Arterial supply of teeth

A

Inferior alveolar artery (maxillary)
Superior-Posterior alveolar artery (maxillary)
Superior- Anterior alveolar artery (infraorbital)

28
Q

Nerve supply of teeth

A

Inferior alveolar nerve and plexus (mandibular)

Superior dental plexus (maxillary and infraorbital)

29
Q

Parotid gland

A
  • pure serous
  • enclosed by parotid sheath
  • parotid duct of Stensen
    STRUCTURES EMBEDDED:
  • parotid plexus of facial nerve
  • retromandibular vein
  • external carotid artery
  • auriculotemporal nerve
  • parotid lymph nodes
30
Q

Submandibular gland

A
  • mostly serous
  • in body of mandible
  • duct of Wharton - opens in sublingual papilla
    . supplied by submental artery/vein
31
Q

Sublingual gland

A
  • mostly mucous
  • between mandible and genioglossus
  • supplied by sublingual artery, submental artery
32
Q

Borders of Parotid nest

A

ant: masseter m, rams of mandible, medial pterygoid m
post: sternocleidomastoid m, posterior belly of digastric
med: stylohyoid, stylopharyngeus, styloglossus

33
Q

Pharyngobasilar fascia

A
  • fibrous coat of pharyngeal wall
  • attached to basilar part of occipital bone, petrous part of temporal bone
  • forms wall of non-muscular pharynx
34
Q

Parts of Pharynx

A

Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
Laryngopharynx

35
Q

Passavant Ridge

A

prominence of posterior wall of nasopharynx formed by contraction of superior constrictor muscle of pharynx during swallowing

36
Q

Constrictors of pharynx

A 
1. Superior constrictors:
pterygopharyngeal part
buccopharyngeal part
mylopharyngeal part
glossopharyngeal part
2. Middle constrictors:
chondropharyngeal part
ceratopharyngeal part
3. Inferior constrictors:
thyropharyngeal part
cricopharyngeal part
37
Q

Stylopharyngeus muscle

A

elevator of pharynx
O: styloid process
I: anterior and posterior thyroid cartilage

38
Q

Palatopharyngeus muscle

A

elevator of pharynx
O: hard palate, palatine aponeurosis
I: posterior border of thyroid cartilage lamina

39
Q

Salpingopharyngeal muscle

A

elevator of pharynx
O: cartilaginous part of Auditory tube
I: palatopharyngeus muscle

40
Q

Arterial supply of pharynx

A

upper: facial and macillary artery
lower: ascending pharyngeal artery
lowest: superior thyroid artery
Venous drainage: pharyngeal plexus

41
Q

Innervation of pharynx

A

Motor: Pharyngeal plexus - all muscles (not stylopharyngeus, superior constrictor, upper 1/2 of middle constrictor- glossopharyngeal nerve)
Sensory:
- muscous membrane - maxillary n
- oropharynx- glossopharyngeal n
- laryngopharynx - internal laryngeal n (vagus)

42
Q

Lymphatic drainage of pharynx

A

Retropharyngeal lymph nodes

43
Q

Layers of wall of pharynx

A
  1. mucosa
  2. fibrous layer
  3. muscles
  4. pharyngeal fascia
44
Q

Palatine tonsil blood supply

A
  • ascending pharyngeal a (facial a)
  • lingual a
  • descending palatine a (maxillary a)
  • ascending palatine a

ANATOMY 2 (12 decks)

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