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ANATOMY 2 > Lower Respiratory tract > Flashcards

Lower Respiratory tract Flashcards

1
Q

Trachea

A

Location: superior mediastinum; C6⇒ Th4
Bifurfation: right⇒ 35 degrees, left⇒ 40degrees
- 9-15 cm long
- 16-20 cartilage rings

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2
Q

Right Bronchus

A
  • 2cm long
  • shorter, wider, more vertical
  • divides into 3 lobar bronchi
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3
Q

Left bronchus

A
  • 5cm long
  • inferolaterally
  • divides into 2 bronchi
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4
Q

Parietal pleura

A
  1. Costal part
  2. Mediastinal part
  3. Diaphragmatic part
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5
Q

Lines of Pleural reflections

A
  1. sternal line (between costal + mediastinal)
  2. costal line (between diaphragmatic + costal)
  3. vertebral line (between costal + mediastinal)
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6
Q

Borders of pleura

A
  • 2-3 cm above midclavicular line (cupula)
  • 2nd intercostal space⇒ parallel down
  • 6th rib: sternal line
  • 7th rib: midclavicular line
  • 8th rib: anterior axillary line
  • 9th rib: mid maxillary line
  • 10th rib: posterior axillary line
  • 11th rib: scapular line
  • 12th rib: spinous process of Th11
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7
Q

Recesses of pleura

A

Costrodiaphragmatic recess: between diaphragm + costal layer
Phrenicomediastinal recess
Costomediastinal recess

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8
Q

Blood supply of Pleura

A

PARIETAL PLEURA:
- internal thoracic, intercostals, musculophrenic artery

VISCERAL PLEURA:

  • bronchial arteries
  • bronchial veins ⇒pulmonary veins
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9
Q

Root of the lungs

A
  • bronchi
  • pulmonary arteries
  • pulmonary veins
  • pulmonary plexus + nerves
  • bronchial arteries and veins
  • lymphatics
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10
Q

Surfaces of lungs

A

Costal
Mediastinal
Diaphragmatic

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11
Q

Right lung

A
  • 3 lobes⇒ upper, middle, lower
  • oblique fissure: separates middle + lower, 4th⇒6th rib
  • horizontal fissure: separates upper + middle, 4th rib
  • 3 lobar bronchi⇒ 10 segmental bronchi
  • right hilum:
    • sup+inf ant: 2 pulmonary veins
    • sup post: pulmonary arteries
    • post: pulmonary bronchi
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12
Q

Impressions of Right lung

A
  • azygos vein
  • SVC
  • esophagus
  • cardiac impression
  • costal impression
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13
Q

Left lung

A
  • 2 lobes ⇒ upper, lower
  • oblique fissure: 6th rib
  • lingula + cardiac notch: 4th⇒6th rib
  • 2 lobar bronchi ⇒ 8 segmental bronchi
  • left hilum:
    • ant inf: 2 pulmonary veins
    • sup post: 1 pulmonary artery
    • post inf: bronchus
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14
Q

Impressions of left lung

A
  • cardiac impression
  • left subclavian artery groove
  • aortic impression
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15
Q

Borders of lungs

A
  • apex: 2 cm above clavicle, midclavicular line
  • 6th rib: sternal line
  • 6th rib: midclavicular line
  • 7th rib: anterior axillary line
  • 8th rib: midaxillary line
  • 9th rib: posterior axillary line
  • 10th rib: scapular line
  • 11th rib: paravertebral line
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16
Q

Segments of Right lung

A
  1. apical segment
  2. posterior segment
  3. anterior segment
  4. lateral segment
  5. medial segment
  6. superior segment
  7. medial basal segment
  8. anterior basal segment
  9. lateral basal segment
  10. posterior basal segment
17
Q

Segments of Left lung

A

1+2. apico-posterior segment

  1. anterior segment
  2. superior lingular segment
  3. inferior lingual segment
  4. superior segment
  5. –
  6. anterior basal segment
  7. lateral basal segment
  8. posterior basal segment
18
Q

Bronchopericardial membrane

A

central CT membrane that firmly attach to root of lung and tracheal bifurcation to posterior wall of pericardium, into tendinous center of diaphragm
forms partition between middle and posterior mediastinum

19
Q

Bronchial tree

A

Main bronchus ⇒ lobar bronchus ⇒ segmental bronchus ⇒ terminal bronchi ⇒ bronchiolus ⇒ respiratory bronchioli ⇒ alveolar duct ⇒ alveolar sac ⇒ pulmonary alveolus

20
Q

Blood supply of Lungs

A

ARTERY:
- pulmonary arteries
- bronchial arteries
VEINS:
- bronchial veins
- pulmonary veins
LYMPH:
- superficial lymph plexus ⇒ bronchopulmonary nodes
- deep lymph plexus ⇒ pulmonary lymph nodes
⇒⇒ tracheobroncial lymphnodes ⇒ bronchomediastinal lymph nodes

21
Q

Innervation of lungs

A

Pulmonary plexus: vagus
phrenic nerve: mediastinal pleura
intercostals nerves: costal + diaphragmatic pleura

ANATOMY 2 (12 decks)

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