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Micro Exam II > Upper Respiratory Pathogens II > Flashcards

Upper Respiratory Pathogens II Flashcards

1
Q

What are causative agents of conjunctivis

A

haemophilus influenzae
s. pneuomnia
moraxella lacunata, enterobacteria, and neisseria gonorrheea

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2
Q

Features of haemophilus influenza

A

very small gram negative rod

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3
Q

Features of streptococcus pneumoniae

A

gram positive, encapsulated

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4
Q

Pathogenesis of conjunctivis

A

mostly inflammatory response to the invading organisms

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5
Q

What is the most common causative agents of conjunctivis

A

haemophilus influenzae

s. pneumoniae

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6
Q

Prevention of conjunctivis

A

hand washing
don’t rub eyes
don’t use common towels

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7
Q

How do you treat conjunctivis

A

gentamicin or ciprofloxacin eyedrops

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8
Q

Symptoms of otitis media/sinusitis

A

throbbing ache of middle ear infection, decreased hearing

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9
Q

Common agents of otitis media/sinusitis

A

haemophilus influenza

streptococcus pneumoniae

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10
Q

What age group is most likely to get otitis media/sinusitis

A

early childhood

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11
Q

How to prevent otitis media/sinustis

A

don’t use pacifiers beyond age 2

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12
Q

What are some things that could put you at greater risk of otisis media/sinusitis

A

viral infections

irriants like pollen, smoke, and pollution

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13
Q

Treatment of otisis media

A

ampicillin therapy
surgically remove enlarged adenoids
eustachian tubes

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14
Q

Major virulence factor in h. influenzae

A

antiphagocytic polysaccharid capsule

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15
Q

How do you treat h. influenzae infection

A

broad spectrum cephalosporins

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16
Q

How do you prevent h. influenzae infection

A

vax

17
Q

What type of vaccine does h. influenzae have

A

conjugated vaccine

18
Q

Can you treat h. influenza prophylaxtically?

A

yes

19
Q

What do you use to eliminate the carriage of h. influenzae type b in children at high risk

A

rifampin

20
Q

Features of chlamydia

A

possess inner and outer membranes
contain both DNA and RNA
posses prokaryotic ribosomes
synthesize their own proteins, nucleic acids and lipds

21
Q

How is chlamydia different from other bacteria

A

can form both metabolically inactive but infectious forms - elementary bodies
and metabolically active noninfectious forms - reticulate bodies

22
Q

What diseases is chlamydia trachomatis responsible for

A

trachoma, adult inclusion conjuctivis, neonatal conjunctivitis, infact pneuomina, urogenital infections

23
Q

What are the receptors for c. trachomatis EB’s

A

noncilitated columnar, cuboidal, and transitional epithelial cells

24
Q

Clinical manifestations of c. trachomatis infections are caused by what

A

direct destruction of cells during replication

host inflammatory response

25
Q

Trachoma

A

chronic
start as follicular conjuctivis
conjunctiva becomes scarred, eyelids turn inward
eventually blidness

26
Q

adult inclusion conjuctivis symptoms

A

mucopurulent discharge, keratitis, corneal infiltrates, some vascularization

27
Q

neonatal conjuctivis

A

happens at birth

get swollen eyelids, hyperemia, copious purulent discharged.

28
Q

infant pneumonia

A

2-3 weeks after birth

rhinitis, then staccato cough, infants have bronchitis, afebrile throughout clinical illness

29
Q

How can you diagnosis c. trachomatis

A

cytologic, serologic, or culture findings
antigen
molecular probes

30
Q

What are the BEST ways to diagnosis c. trachamoatis

A

PCR or antigen detection

31
Q

How do you treat ocular and genital chlamydia infections in adults

A

azithromycin or doxycycline for 7 days

32
Q

How do you treat newborn conjuctivis and pneumonia

A

erythromycin for 10-14 days

33
Q

What diseases does c. pneumoniae cause

A

pneumonia, bronchitis, sinusitis

34
Q

How do you diagnosis c. pneumoniae

A

nucleic acid amplication, PCR

35
Q

How do you treat c. pneumoniae

A

macrolides, tetracyclines, or levofloxacin for 10-14 days

36
Q

What happens to pts with c. psittaci

A

edema, thickening of alveolar wall, inflitration of macrophages, necrosis, possible hemophages

37
Q

What are some symptoms of people with c. psittaci

A

cyanosis and anoxia

38
Q

What’s the give away that someone has c. psittaci

A

they handle birds

39
Q

How can you differentiate between bacterial and viral conjunctivis

A

bacteria usually have more pus and inflammation

Micro Exam II (8 decks)

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