Bacterial Infections of the Lower Respiratory Tract II Flashcards
What is the most common cause of walking pneumonia
mycoplasma pneumoniae
What is the most common cause of toxic pneumonia
legionella pneumophila
Treatment for atypical pneumonia
tetracycline and erythromycin
Characteristics of mycoplasma pneumoniae
no peptidoglycan
membrane contains sterols
fried egg colony morpholy
restricted to humans
How is mycoplasma pneumoniae spread
respiratory droplets
Virulence factor of mycoplasma pneumoniae
P1 adhesion
How does P1 adhesion work
binds to base of cilia, causes epithelial cell damage/death, and defect in mucociliary clearance
How do you confirm mycoplasma pneumoniae with lab tests
PCR, EIA
How do prevent mycoplasma pneumoniae disease
no vaccine
avoid overcrowded areas
Characteristics of chylamydophila pneumoniae
small, gram neg
obilgate intercellular pathogen
How can you confirm chylamdophilia pneumoniae with lab tests
microimmuofluorescence
PCR
What disease does chylamydophila pneumoniae cause
atypical (walking) pneumonia
Characteristics of legionella pneumophilia
gram negative
inside cells - coccobacilli
outside of cell -pleomorphic
Where is legionella pneumophila often found
freshwater lakes, streams, groud water, mud, riverbanks
What does legionella pneumophilia mainly exist as
parasites of amoeba
How does legionella pneumonphila get spread to humans
cooling towers/AC
respiratory therapy devices
the misting at the grocery stores
Virulence of legionella pneumophilia
target and attach to alveolar macrophage using pili, flagella, numerous proteins
Pathogenesis of legionella pneumophilia
prevents fusion with lysosome
makes stuff in the legionella containg vacuole
replicate to high numbers, the cell lyses, and the process starts over again
Symptoms of legionarries
chills, pleurisy, vomiting, diarrhea, confusion, delirium
elevated WBC count but no left band shift
What lab tests can you do to confirm it’s legionella pneumophilia
DFA
nucleic acid amplifcation (however with both of these you get a lot of false negs)
How do you treat legionella pneumophilia
macrolide or fluoroquinolone
How do you prevent legionella pneumophilia
minimize exposure to/production of contaminated aerosols
