Fungal Infections of the Respiratory Tract II

Question 1

Where is paracoccidiomycosis often found

Answer 1

tropical regions of south and central america

Question 2

Is the paracoccidiomycosis more common in men or women

Answer 2

men

Question 3

Disseminated paracoccidiodomycosis presents as what

Answer 3

chronic cutaneous and mucocutaneous ulcers

Question 4

What is the distinctive look of paracoccidiomycosis yeast

Answer 4

mickey mouse years

ship’s wheel

Question 5

Where is coccidiodomycosis often found

Answer 5

US - in CA and AZ

Question 6

Structure of coccidiodes immitis

Answer 6

after inhalation it converts to aspherule

Question 7

Symptoms of coccidioidomycosis

Answer 7

mild to moderate flu like symptoms

Question 8

Disseminate coccidiodomycosis

Answer 8

infection of bones, joints, skin, and CNS

Question 9

Coccidial menigitis

Answer 9

develops slowly with increasing headache, fever, stiff neck and other neulogical signs. fatal if untreated

Question 10

How do you treat mild coccidioidomycosis

Answer 10

azole

Question 11

How do you treat disseminated coccidioidomycosis or menegitis

Answer 11

amphotericineB

Question 12

What is the leading form of fungal meningitis

Answer 12

cryptoccus neoformans

Question 13

How can you test for cryptococcus neoformans

Answer 13

india ink stain

Question 14

Is cryptococcus neoformans dimorphic

Answer 14

NO

it’s always encapsulated yeast

Question 15

What is cryptococcus neoformans associated with

Answer 15

bird droppings

Question 16

Cryptococcosis pulmonary disease

Answer 16

asymptomatic mild, spontaneously resolvign flu like illnes
little sputum production
little damage to lung

Question 17

Cryptococcosis disseminated disease

Answer 17

skin and bone lesions

Question 18

How do you treat cryptococcosis menigitis

Answer 18

combo of amphotericin B and 5-fluorcytosin or fluconazole

Question 19

Pneumocystis jiroveci (PCP)

Answer 19

highly lethal form of pneumonia

very common in AIDS patients

Question 20

charactersitics of PCP

Answer 20

single celled eukaryotic organism

similiar to protozoa

Question 21

Symptoms of PCP

Answer 21

dyspnea, nonproductive cough, fever, develops weakness, tachypnea, cyanosis and death

Question 22

How do you treat PCP

Answer 22

trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole

Question 23

Is aspergillosis dimorphic

Answer 23

NO always a mold

Question 24

disseminated aspergillosis infection

Answer 24

invasion of lung parenchyma following infection

fungal hyphae invade lumen and walls of blood vessels, cause thrombosis, infarction and hemorrhage

Question 25

What do aspergillosis hyphae look like

Answer 25

septate with V-shaped branches at 45 degree angle

Question 26

How can you treat aspergillosis

Answer 26

azole, echnocandin, amphotericine B, surgical removal of aspergillomas