Fungal Infections of the Respiratory Tract II Flashcards

1
Q

Where is paracoccidiomycosis often found

A

tropical regions of south and central america

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2
Q

Is the paracoccidiomycosis more common in men or women

A

men

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3
Q

Disseminated paracoccidiodomycosis presents as what

A

chronic cutaneous and mucocutaneous ulcers

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4
Q

What is the distinctive look of paracoccidiomycosis yeast

A

mickey mouse years

ship’s wheel

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5
Q

Where is coccidiodomycosis often found

A

US - in CA and AZ

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6
Q

Structure of coccidiodes immitis

A

after inhalation it converts to aspherule

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7
Q

Symptoms of coccidioidomycosis

A

mild to moderate flu like symptoms

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8
Q

Disseminate coccidiodomycosis

A

infection of bones, joints, skin, and CNS

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9
Q

Coccidial menigitis

A

develops slowly with increasing headache, fever, stiff neck and other neulogical signs. fatal if untreated

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10
Q

How do you treat mild coccidioidomycosis

A

azole

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11
Q

How do you treat disseminated coccidioidomycosis or menegitis

A

amphotericineB

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12
Q

What is the leading form of fungal meningitis

A

cryptoccus neoformans

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13
Q

How can you test for cryptococcus neoformans

A

india ink stain

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14
Q

Is cryptococcus neoformans dimorphic

A

NO

it’s always encapsulated yeast

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15
Q

What is cryptococcus neoformans associated with

A

bird droppings

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16
Q

Cryptococcosis pulmonary disease

A

asymptomatic mild, spontaneously resolvign flu like illnes
little sputum production
little damage to lung

17
Q

Cryptococcosis disseminated disease

A

skin and bone lesions

18
Q

How do you treat cryptococcosis menigitis

A

combo of amphotericin B and 5-fluorcytosin or fluconazole

19
Q

Pneumocystis jiroveci (PCP)

A

highly lethal form of pneumonia

very common in AIDS patients

20
Q

charactersitics of PCP

A

single celled eukaryotic organism

similiar to protozoa

21
Q

Symptoms of PCP

A

dyspnea, nonproductive cough, fever, develops weakness, tachypnea, cyanosis and death

22
Q

How do you treat PCP

A

trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole

23
Q

Is aspergillosis dimorphic

A

NO always a mold

24
Q

disseminated aspergillosis infection

A

invasion of lung parenchyma following infection

fungal hyphae invade lumen and walls of blood vessels, cause thrombosis, infarction and hemorrhage

25
Q

What do aspergillosis hyphae look like

A

septate with V-shaped branches at 45 degree angle

26
Q

How can you treat aspergillosis

A

azole, echnocandin, amphotericine B, surgical removal of aspergillomas