Fungal Infections of the Respiratory Tract I Flashcards
Zygomycoses
group of uncommon, but potentially fatal infection. infection is rare in normal healthy people
How can you identify zygomycoses
non-septate hyphae
sporangia bearing sporangiospores
Symptoms of rhinocerebral zygomycosis
nasal congestion, blood tinged rhinorrhea, tender sinuses, headache and fever
What can rhinocerebral zygomycosis progress to
facial or periorital edema and visual disturbances, can even get to coma and death
How do you treat zygomycoses?
amphotericin B
When is candida in yeast form
when it’s normal flora
When is candida in hyphal form
when it’s in tissue
Symptoms of oral candidiasis
diffuse erythema and white patches on surface of buccal mucosa, throat, tongue and gums
white lesions
How do you treat oral candidiasis
oral formations of nystatin and azole
Systemic myocses
diverse group of clinical presentations
not opportunity
acquired by inhibition of fungal elements
What do clinical syndromes of systemic mycoeses start as
pulmonary infection
What are the systemic mycoses
histoplasma capsulatum
blastomyces dermatititdis
paracoccidiodides brasiliensis
coccidiodies immitis
Are systemic mycoses dimorphic?
yes
Where is histoplasmosis endemic
mississippi and ohio river valleys
What is histoplasmosis associated with
bird and bat droppings
How is histoplasmosis transmitted
inhalation
What happens in your body when it’s infected with histoplasmosis
inhaled sproes are phagocytosed by pulmonary macrophages and convert to yeast form. Yeast replicates within macrophages
Symptoms of pulmonary histoplasmosis
mild flu like illness
not a lot of sputum production
What is the treatment of pulmonary histoplasmosis
most people don’t need intervention
Chronic Pulmonary and Disseminated Histoplasmosis symptoms
similiar to TB but with heptomegaly, splenomegaly, and lymphadenopathy
How do you treat chronic pulmonary and disseminated histoplasmosis
Amphotericin B
How do you treat someone with chronic pulmonary and disseminated histoplasmosis AND AIDS
lifelong suppressive therapy with azoles
Blastomycosis
endemic in ohio and missippi river valley
exists in moist soil high in decaying vegetation content
How does blastomyces exist in environment
mold
