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OSPE OV > Upper Limbs > Flashcards

Upper Limbs Flashcards

1
Q

Movements possible around scapulo-thoracic joint

A

Protraction (anterior movement of scapula due to abduction)
Retraction (posterior movement of scapula due to adduction)
Elevation
Depression

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2
Q

Muscles involved in protraction STJ

A

Pec major

Serratus anterior

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3
Q

Muscles involved in retraction STJ

A

Rhomboids
Middle trapezius
Lat dorsi

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4
Q

Muscles involved in elevation STJ

A

Superior trapezius
Lavator scapulae
Rhomboids

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5
Q

Muscles involved in depression around STJ

A

Inferior trapezius
Pec minor
Serratus anterior

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6
Q

Movements possible around shoulder joint

A 
Flexion
Extension 
Abduction
Adduction
Circumduction
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7
Q

Muscles involved in flexion shoulder joint

A

Pec major

Deltoid

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8
Q

Muscles involved in extension shoulder

A

Posterior fibres of deltoid

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9
Q

Muscles involved in abduction shoulder

A

Supraspinatus for first 15 degrees

Then central deltoid

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10
Q

Muscles for adduction of shoulder

A

Pec major

Lat dorsi

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11
Q

Muscles for flexion at elbow joint

A

Biceps
Brachialis
Brachoradialis
Pronator teres

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12
Q

Muscles for extension at elbow joint

A

Triceps

Anconeus

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13
Q

Test for trapezius muscle

A

Shrug shoulders- accessory nerve

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14
Q

Nerve associated with trapezius test

A

Accessory

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15
Q

Test for sternocleomastoid muscle

A

Turn head

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16
Q

Nerve associated with sternocleomastoid test

A

Accessory

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17
Q

Test for serratus anterior

A

Push against wall- check for winging of scapula

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18
Q

Nerve associated with test for serratus anterior

A

Long thoracic

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19
Q

Test for pectoral muscles

A

Resist adduction

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20
Q

Nerve associated with pectoral muscle test

A

Lateral pectoral nerve

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21
Q

Test for deltoid

A

Resist abduction

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22
Q

Nerve tested for with deltoid test

A

Axillary from C5/6

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23
Q

Test supraspinatus muscle

A

Abduction against resistance first 15 degrees

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24
Q

Test for infraspinatus muscle

A

External rotation against resistance

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25
Test for teres minor
External rotation against resistance
26
Test for infraspinatus muscle
External rotation against resistance
27
Test for biceps
Flex forearm against resistance
28
Test for triceps
Extend flexed forearm against resistance
29
Nerve associated with bicep test
Musculocutaneous C5/6
30
Nerve tested in tricep test
Radial C/7/8
31
Where to palpate subclavian artery
Supraclavicular region between clavicle and sternocleidomastoid muscle
32
Where to palpate axillary artery
Medial side of the humerus, posterior to tendon of the short head of biceps
33
Palpating brachial artery in arm
Against humerus in medial bicipital groove shaft
34
Palpating brachial pulse in the cubital fossa
Cubital fossa medial to biceps tendon
35
Veins able to surface mark in arm
Basilic Cephalic Median cubital
36
C4 dermatome
Shoulder
37
C5 dermatome
Lateral side of arm
38
C6 dermatome
Lateral side of forearm and thumb
39
C7 dermatome
Middle and ring finger
40
C8 dermatome
Medial side of hand forearm and little finger
41
T1 dermatome
Medial side of upper forearm and arm
42
T2 dermatome
Axilla
43
Base of axilla boundary
Skin fascia and subcutaneous tissue extending from arm to chest
44
Axilla apex boundary
Between first rib, clavicle and sup border of subscapularis muscle
45
Anterior border of axilla
Pec major and pec minor
46
Posterior boundary of axilla
Scapula with subscapularis superiorly and lat dorsi inferiorly
47
Medial boundary of axilla
Chest wall ribs 1-4 and serratus anterior
48
Lateral wall of axilla
Intertubercular groove of humerus
49
Movements around proximal and distal radio-ulnar joints
Pronation | Supination
50
Muscles for pronation
Pronator quadratus | Pronator teres
51
Muscles for supination
Supinator | Biceps
52
Muscles for flexion at wrist
``` FCR FCU Flexors of digits and thumb Palmaris longus Abductor pollicis longaris ```
53
Muscles for extension of wrist
Both ECR EC ulnaris Extensors of thumbs and fingers
54
Muscles for ulnar deviation
Both carpi ulnaris | Flexor and extensor
55
Muscles for radial deviation
FCR Both ECR APL Extensor pollicis brevis
56
Test for pronation
Pronate arm
57
Nerve involved in pronation
Median C6-8 T1
58
Test for supination
Supinate arm
59
Nerves involved in supination
Radial C5-8 T1
60
How to test superficial flexors
Flex against resistance
61
Nerves tested in superficial flexors of forearm
Median C6-7 | Ulnar C7-8
62
Testing digitorum superficilias
Flex fingers
63
Nerve tested in flexing digitorum superficialis
Median C6-8 T1
64
Test for digitorum profundus
Flex fingers
65
Nerve tested when flexing little and index finger
Ulnar C8 T1
66
Nerve tested when flexing middle and index fingers
C6-8 T1
67
Nerve supplying flexor digitoris profundus attaching to little and ring finger
Ulnar
68
Nerve supplying flexor digitoris profundus attaching to index and middle finger
Median C6-8 T1
69
Test for extensors in the wrist
Extend wrist against resistance
70
Nerve tested for in forearm extension
Radial
71
Bicep tendon reflex test
Patient has arm draped down on leg with forearm slightly flexed Thumb on top of bicep tendon with other things around arm not forearm Tap thumb and look for contraction of bicep and flexion of forearm
72
Nerve root tested in bicep reflex test
C5-6
73
Tricep tendon test
Hold patients arm just above elbow with thumb over tricep tendon, make arm very relaxed Tap tendon and look for tricep contraction and forearm extension
74
Nerve root tested in tricep reflex test
C 7-8
75
Supinator test reflex
Hold patents arm out slightly pronated and tap bump in radius near wrist
76
Nerve root tested in supinator reflex
C5-6
77
Borders of cubital fossa
Lateral - brachioradialis muscle Medial - pronator teres Superior - line between humeral epicondyles
78
Borders of snuff box
APL and EPB anteriorly | EPL posteriorly
79
Contents of snuff box
Scaphoid and radial artery
80
Problem with broken scaphoid
Can rupture radial artery leading to avascular necrosis of scaphoid
81
Test for flexor pollicis longus
Hold proximal phalanx whilst attempts to flex distal phalanx against resistance
82
Test for extensor pollicis longus
Extend against resistance at interphalangeal joint
83
Where can view extensor Pollicis longus
Medial border of snuff box
84
Test for flexor digitorum profundus
Hold proximal interphalangeal joint and has to flex against resistance
85
Test for flexor digitorum superficialis
All non test fingers are held fully extended while proximal IP joint is flexed against resistance
86
Test for extensor digitorum
Forearm is pronated and all digits extended at MCP joints. Apply pressure to proximal phalanges and tendons should become visible on dorsal side of hand
87
Test for dorsal interossei
Pronate wrist flat on desk and hold either side middle 3 fingers, ask patient to try and abduct the 3 fingers against your resistance
88
Test for palmar interossei
Hold piece of paper between 2 fingers that are extended and adducted, you try and remove paper against their power adducting
89
What is mallet finger
Happens in trauma injuries where distal phalanx is permanently flexed as the extensor tendon has been compromised
90
2 possible pathological reasons for mallet finger
Tendon has come away from distal phalanx | Tendon has been severed
91
Nerve for flexor pollicis longus
Anterior interosseous branch of median- C8,T1
92
Nerve for extensor pollicis longus
Posterior interosseous branch of radial- C7,8
93
Division of digits for nerve supplying flexor digitorum profundus
4th and 5th - ulnar C8 T1 | 1-3 - median C8 T1
94
Nerve for flexor digitorum superficialis
Median C7.8 T1
95
Nerve for extensor digitorum
Radial C7,8
96
Nerve for both Palmar and dorsal interossei
Ulnar C8 T1
97
Palmar sensory innervation of hand
Little finger and half of ring finger - ulnar | Digits 1-3 and half of ring finger - median
98
Dorsal sensory innervation of hand
Little and half of ring finger - ulnar Distal ends of index, middle and half of ring finger- median Thumb and rest of hand- radial
99
Important thing to do when testing axillary, musculocutaneous and radial nerve
Look for atrophy and fasiculations
100
Motor test for axillary nerve
Palpate shoulder when abduct shoulder against resistance
101
Sensory test for axillary nerve
Superior lateral aspect of shoulder
102
Motor test musculocutaneous nerve
Palpate biceps during resisted elbow flexion
103
Sensory test for musculocutaneous nerve
Lateral aspect of forearm
104
Motor test for radial nerve
Palpate triceps during resisted elbow extension | Resist wrist extension
105
Sensory test for radial nerve
Dorsoradial aspect of wrist and hand
106
Motor test for ulnar nerve
Test for dorsal interossei Test for palmar interossei Adductor pollicis test
107
Sensory test for ulnar nerve
Little finger
108
Motor test for median nerve
Put wrist in pronated position and ask them to maintain whilst you try and supinate
109
Sensory test for median nerve
Thumb and index finger
110
Pathology of median nerve
Carpal tunnel syndrome
111
What to do when entering room for limb station
Get full exposure
112
What to do before carrying out sensory test on dermatomes
Close eyes | Rub on sternum first to check has idea

OSPE OV (7 decks)

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