Abdo

Question 1

3 differences between female and male pelvis

Answer 1

females wider subpubic angle (80>60)
male heart shaped and female circular
female ischial spines less prominent

Question 2

position of inguinal ligament

Answer 2

between ASIS and pubic tubercle

Question 3

position of deep inguinal ring

Answer 3

halfway between ASIS and pubic tubercle, anterior to inguinal ligament

Question 4

position of superficial inguinal ring

Answer 4

superficial and lateral to pubic tubercle

Question 5

division into 4

Answer 5

vertically xiphisternal

horizontally transumbilical

Question 6

division into 9

Answer 6

veritcally mid clavicular
superiorally horizontally is subcostal
inferiorally horizontally is transterbercular

Question 7

transterbercular plane level and between

Answer 7

L5 between right and left iliac tubercles

Question 8

level of ASIS

Answer 8

S2

Question 9

mid point of sacroiliac joint

Answer 9

S2

Question 10

1st part of duodenum position

Answer 10

lies at transpyloric plane

Question 11

2nd part of duodenum position

Answer 11

runs downwards to subcostal plane 5cm right of midline

Question 12

3rd part of duodenum postion

Answer 12

runs to left crossing midline just above umbilicus and ends at L2

Question 13

4th part of duodenum position

Answer 13

4th part at level of L2

Question 14

position of pylorus in stomach

Answer 14

lies at transpyloric plane 2.5cm left of midline

in left hypochondrium and epigastric

Question 15

where are all parts of duodenum

Answer 15

epigastric region

Question 16

location of appendix

Answer 16

mcburneys point

Question 17

where is mcburneys point

Answer 17

1/3 of way between ASIS and umbilicus

Question 18

location of ascending colon

Answer 18

right lumbar

Question 19

location of descending colon

Answer 19

left lumbar

Question 20

location of caecum

Answer 20

iliac fossa close to inguinal ligament

Question 21

spleen location

Answer 21

lies on ribs 9-11
medial border is lateral edge of erector spinae muscle
lateral border is left mid axillary line

Question 22

3 borders to liver

Answer 22

upper
oblique
right

Question 23

upper border of liver markings

Answer 23

basically follows diaphragm

runs from right 5th rib to 5th ICS MCL through lower end of sternum

Question 24

right border of liver markings

Answer 24

runs from right costal margin in MAL to right 5th rib along the right side of rib cage

Question 25

oblique border of liver markings

Answer 25

follows right costal margin to left 5th ICS MCL crossing tip of right 9th costal cartilage and left 8th costal cartilage

Question 26

gall bladder surface marking

Answer 26

where transpyloric plane meets right MCL | tip of right 9th costal cartilage

Question 27

level of kidneys hilums

Answer 27

L1 | right may be lower

Question 28

superior poles of kidenys posterior surface marking

Answer 28

12th rib

Question 29

inferior poles kidneys surface marking

Answer 29

3-4cm above iliac crests

Question 30

referred pain from foregut and epigastric region

Answer 30

T8

Question 31

referred pain from midgut and umbilical region

Answer 31

T10

Question 32

referred pain from hindgut and hypogastric

Answer 32

T12

Question 33

referred pain from inflammed gallbladder and pancreas

Answer 33

shoulder tip T4 dermatome

Question 34

referred pain from appendix

Answer 34

orignally reffered to T10 umbilical region dermatome then when retroperitoneum becomes inflammed pain localises at Mcburnys point- called Aarons sign

Question 35

Borders of inguinal canal

Answer 35

Floor-inguinal ligament Roof- internal oblique and fibres of transversus abdominis Anterior- aponeurosis of external oblique Posterior- transversalis fascia

Question 36

Contents of inguinal canal

Answer 36

Spermatic chord Ilio-inguinal nerve Testicular artery and vein

Question 37

Level of subcostal plane

Answer 37

L2- between right and left costal margins in MAL

Question 38

Transpyloric plane

Answer 38

L1- tips of 9th CC

Question 39

Where is gall bladder palpable if inflammed

Answer 39

Below costal margin on MCL- easier to palpate if rolled 45 degrees to left

Question 40

3 places feel pain from gall bladder

Answer 40

Right upper quadrant Right side of back thoracic region Right shoulder tip