Upper limb

Question 1

What is the axilla

Answer 1

the armpit

Question 2

What does the axilla contain

Answer 2

• Lymph nodes
• The axillary artery + vein
• The cords and branches of the brachial plexus
• Fat

Question 3

How many groups of lymph nodes are there in the axilla

Answer 3

5

Question 4

Which nodes of the axilla are most likely to be involved in metastasis

Answer 4

The apical node - recieves lymph from all other axillary lymph nodes

Question 5

Where does the axillary artery come from

Answer 5

It is the continuation of the subclavian artery

Question 6

How many branches does the axillary artery have

Answer 6

6

Question 7

What does the axillary artery become

Answer 7

the brachial artery

Question 8

What forms the axillary vein

Answer 8

the union of the deep veins of the arm with the basilic vein

Question 9

What spinal nerves form the brachial plexus

Answer 9

C5, C6, C7, C8, T1

Question 10

What is the brachial plexus

Answer 10

Network of nerves that provide motor and sensory innervation to the upper limb

Question 11

What are the 5 segments of the brachial plexus

Answer 11

Roots, trunks, divisions, cords, branches

Question 12

Draw the brachial plexus

Answer 12

Question 13

What spinal nerves form the different trunks of the brachial plexus

Answer 13

Superior trunk = C5 + C6
Middle trunk = C7
Inferior trunk = C8 + T1

Question 14

What are the branches of the brachial plexus

Answer 14

Musculocutaneous, axillary, median, radical, ulnar nerve
men are mediocre racist umpires

Question 15

What are the two other nerves stemming from the brachial plexus that aren’t terminal branches

Answer 15

Long thoracic nerve, thoracodorsal nerve

Question 16

What does the musculocutaneous nerve innervate

Answer 16

The 3 main muscles of the anterior arm
= biceps brachii, brachialis muscle, coracobrachialis, BBC

Question 17

What does the axillary nerve innervate

Answer 17

The deltoid, teres minor, and region of skin in upper lateral arm

Question 18

What does the median + ulnar (5) nerve innervate

Answer 18

No muscles in arm. Muscles in anterior forearm and thumb

Question 19

What does the radial nerve innervate

Answer 19

triceps and forearm extensors

Question 20

Are the muscles of the anterior arm flexors or extensors

Answer 20

Flexors

Question 21

What movements do the biceps allow

Answer 21

flexion and supination

Question 22

What are the attachment points of the biceps

Answer 22

• Radial tuberosity and scapula
  Long head = supraglenoid tubercle
  Short head = coracoid process

Question 23

What does the long head of the bicep also do

Answer 23

Stabilises the elbow joint

Question 24

What does brachialis attach to

Answer 24

lower half of the humerus and ulna tuberosity

Question 25

What does the coracobrachialis attach to

Answer 25

the middle part of the humerus and coracoid process

Question 26

What is the cubital fossa

Answer 26

triangle region on the anterior elbow

Question 27

What are the contents of the cubital fossa

Answer 27

• tendon of biceps brachii
• brachial artery + vein
• median nerve
• radial nerve

Question 28

What is the clinical importance of the cubital fossa

Answer 28

accessed for venepuncture and intravenous access

Question 29

What does the long thoracic nerve do

Answer 29

innervates serratus anterior

Question 30

what does the thoracodorsal nerve do

Answer 30

innervates latissimus dorsi

Question 31

What causes the funny bone feeling

Answer 31

the ulnar nerve pressing against the medial epicondyle

Question 32

Why can an injury to the brachial plexus impact the face (Horners syndrome)

Answer 32

injury impacting the T1 nerve may interupt sympathetic innervation to the face as T1 is the first part of the sympathetic nerves (T1-l2/3) = constricted pupil, lack of sweating

Question 33

what does tubercle mean

Answer 33

a small projection

Question 34

what does fossa mean

Answer 34

a shallow projection/hole