upper GI bleed

Question 1

causes of upper GI bleed (oesphageal)

Answer 1

chemical ingestion, NSAIDS, GORD, bisphosphonates, Canada, HSV, oesophageal varices, cancer, excessive vomiting, angiodysplasia

Question 2

Mallory Weiss tear

Answer 2

longitudinal mucosal laceration of the distal oesophagus, caused by increased intra abo pressure, they spontaneously heal

Question 3

angiodysplasia

Answer 3

dilated thin walled blood vessels no muscle lining

Question 4

causes of upper GI bleed (stomach)

Answer 4

perforation, portal gastropathy, gastric antral vascular extasia, cancer,

Question 5

causes of upper GI bleed (duodenum)

Answer 5

peptic ulcer disease, atrial venous malformation, archenteric fistula

Question 6

archenteric fisutla

Answer 6

erosion of duodenum into AAA -> massive bleed

Question 7

presentation of upper GI bleed

Answer 7

hematemesis (bright red coffee grounds), millennia, anaemia, Abdo pain, bright red stool (fast bleed)

Question 8

investigations upper GI bleed

Answer 8

NG lavage (+ve bleed), EGD

Question 9

treatment of perforation

Answer 9

surgery + abx

Question 10

mallory weiss treatment

Answer 10

anti emetic, clip, caterising

Question 11

varices treatment

Answer 11

octerotide, abx (cefriaxone), banding, sclerotherapy, cyanoaryclate

Question 12

PUD treatment

Answer 12

clip, abx