hernia

Question 1

risk factors for hernia

Answer 1

male, 0-5, 75-80, family history, chronic constipation, weak abdo wall, smoking, impaired collagen metabolism, abdo surgery

Question 2

causes of inguinal herina

Answer 2

congenital (vaginalis failure to close), accquired (weakening of muscles, chronic glucocorticoids, increased abdo pressure

Question 3

indirect inguinal hernia

Answer 3

protrude through the internal (deep) inguinal hernia -> superficial ring

lateral to inferior epigastric artery, R side more common, follows spermatic cord

Question 4

direct inguinal hernia

Answer 4

protrude medial to the inferior epigastric vessels

goes though wall and through superficial ring

non reducible

points down the leg

Question 5

femoral hernia

Answer 5

inferior to the inguinal ligament, protrude through the femoral ring

below inguinal ligament

points down teh leg

non reducible

pain on standing

Question 6

symptoms

Answer 6

heaviness/dull groin, visible bulge, vague pelvic discomfort, exersberated with increased intra abdo pressure

constipation

reduced medial to lateral

Question 7

investigation of inguinal hernia

Answer 7

US

Question 8

differential hernia

Answer 8

scrotum aetiology,, lymph nodes, kidney transplant

Question 9

treatment hernia

Answer 9

watch + wait, tension free repair (mesh)

Question 10

complication of hernia

Answer 10

incarceration = trapping of hernia within hernia sac (can’t be reduced), obstruction, strangulation,