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Anatomy > Upper Extremities > Flashcards

Upper Extremities Flashcards

1
Q

Abductor of the shoulder joint

A

Deltoid (main) -axillary n.

Supraspinatous (initiates) -suprascalular n.

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2
Q

Lateral rotators of the shoulder joint

A

Infraspinatus -suprascapular n.

Teres minor -axillary n.

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3
Q

Weakest part of the rotator cuff

A

Inferior

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4
Q

Injury to the axillary nerve causes…

A

Problems on lateral rotation and abduction

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5
Q

What muscle when inflammed causes pain on abduction?

A

Supraspinatus muscle

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6
Q

Action of teres major

A

Medial rotator

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7
Q

All anterior compartment muscles of the arm are ___

A

flexors

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8
Q

C5, C6 Lesion, affects PROXIMAL muscles and sensation of LATERAL arm, “waiter’s tip” hand

A

Erb-Duchenne’s Syndrome

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9
Q

C8, T1 lesion, affects DISTAL muscles and sensation of the MEDIAL hand, “claw hand”

A

Klumpke’s paralysis

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10
Q

What nerve and muscle is affected in “winged scapula”

A

Long thoracic n.

Serratus anterior m.

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11
Q

What nerve is affected in a condition where pt has diff elevating the trunk or using a crutch? Latissimus dorsi affected.

A

Thoracodorsal nerve lesion

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12
Q

What nerve is affected when there is difficulty abducting and rotating the arm laterally

A

Axillary nerve

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13
Q

Inflammation involving repetitive flexion and supination of the forearm

A

Medial epicondylitis

Golfer’s elbow

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14
Q

Inflammation resulting from repetitive flexion and extension of the forearm

A

Lateral epicondylitis

Tennis elbow

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15
Q

Rotator cuff muscles (SITS)

A

Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres minor
Subscapularis

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16
Q

The APEX of the axilla is bound by what bones?

A

Ant: Clavicle
Post: Scapula
Medially: 1st rib

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17
Q

Contents of the axilla

A

Axillary artery and vein

Brachial plexus

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18
Q

Where will you palpate the pulse to guide in brachial n. plexus block?

A

3rd part of axillary artery

inject in the proximal pt of the sheath

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19
Q

Most common tendon inflamed in the rotator cuff?

Pain felt on ant and sup to the shoulder joint during abduction.

A

Supraspinatus tendon

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20
Q

Contents of the quadrangular space

A

axillary n.

posterior circumflex vessels

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21
Q

Contents of the triangular space

A

Circumflex scapular vessels

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22
Q

Anterior compartment muscles

A

Coracobrachialis
Brachialis
Biceps brachii

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23
Q

The anterior compartment is innervated by…

A

musculocutneous nerve

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24
Q

The posterior compartment muscle

A

Triceps brachii

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25
Q

Innervation of posterior compartment of the arm

A

Radial n.

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26
Q

Causes weakness in flexion of the forearm and weakness in supination; nerve compressed by the coracobrachialis

A

Musculocutaneous n. lesion

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27
Q

Caused by spiral fracture of the midshaft of the humerus; presents as “wrist drop” (weakness to extend hand, loss of ext at MP jts)

A

Radial n. lesion

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28
Q

PROXIMAL lesion on the MEDIAN N. due to SUPRACONDYLAR fracture of the humerus causes what sign?

A

Hand of benediction
(weakness in flexion at wrist, lat fingers and thumb;
alt sn on lat 3.5 digits and thenar eminence)

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29
Q

DISTAL lesion of the MEDIAN N. d/t lunate dislocation; weakness in opposition of thumb (adducted and extended);
“pins and needles”

A

Carpal tunnel syndrome

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30
Q

9 tendons that pass through carpal tunnel

A

4 of the FDP
4 of the FDS
Tendon of the FPL

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31
Q

What nerve is affected in the MEDIAL EPICONDYLE fracture of the humerus?

A

Ulnar n.

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32
Q

Distal lesion of the ULNAR N. d/t fracture of hook of HAMATE causes what sign? (Pt cannot hold paper in b/w fingers)

A

Claw hand

weakness of medial 2 lumbricals

33
Q

Muscle that adducts arm and rotates it medially

A

Pectoralis major

34
Q

Muscle that depresses pt of shoulder

A

Pectoralis minor

35
Q

Muscle that depresses clavicle

A

Subclavius

36
Q

Muscle that draws the scapula forward

A

Serratus anterior

37
Q

What structure divides the axillary a. in 3 pts?

A

Tendon of pectoralis minor

38
Q

3 pts of the axillary a.

A

Superior thoracic
Thoraciacrimial
Subcapsular a.

39
Q

Radial artery begins in the cubital fossa at the level of the ___

A

neck of radius

40
Q

Site for taking the radial pulse: tendon of brachioradialis on its ___ side and the tendon if FCR on its ____ side.

A

lateral

medial

41
Q

Thenar muscles

AFO PoBre

A

Abductor pollicis brevis
Flexor pollicis brevis
Opponens pollicis

42
Q

Nerve supply of thenar muscles

A

Median n.

43
Q

Hypothenar muscles

AFO digiti minimi

A

Abductor digiti minimi
Flexor digiti minimi
Opponens digiti minimi

44
Q

Action of flexor digitorum profundus (FDP)

A

Flexes DIP

supplied by median and ulnar n

45
Q

Action of flexor digitorum superficialis

A

flexes the PIP jts

supplied by the median n

46
Q

Action of palmar interossei

PAD DAB

A

ADduct fingers

47
Q

Action of dorsal interossei

PAD DAB

A

ABduct fingers

48
Q

What brachial plexus cord does the MUSCULOCUTANEOUS N. belong?

A

Lateral cord

49
Q

What brachial plexus cord does the ULNAR N. belong?

A

Medial cord

50
Q

What brachial plexus cord does the AXILLARY and RADIAL N. belong?

A

Posterior cord

51
Q

What does the median n. innervate?

A

Anterior/ flexor compt of forearm except:
flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU)
flexor digitorum profundus (FDP)

52
Q

Fracture of the surgical neck of the humerus injures what nerve?

A

Axillary n

53
Q

Distal radial fracture with fragment dorsally placed

A

Colle’s fracture

54
Q

Distal radial fracture with fragment ventrally placed

A

Smith’s fracture

55
Q

Metacarpals proximal row (lat-med)

A

Scaphoid
Lunate
Triquetral
Pisiform

56
Q

Metacarpals distal row (lat-med)

A

Trapezium
Trapezoid
Capitate
Hamate

57
Q

Boundaries of anatomical snuffbox

A

Lat: tendons of AbPoLo and ExPoBre
Med: tendon of ExPoLo
Floor: Scaphoid

58
Q

Pain and tenderness on the anatomical snuff box

A

Scaphoid fracture

59
Q

Most commonly dislocated carpal bone

A

Lunate

60
Q

Localized thickening and contracture of the palmar aponeurosis; causes flexion of PIP

A

Dupuytren’s contracture

61
Q

Fracture of the 1st metacarpal bone; thumb forcefully abducted

A

Bennett’s fracture

62
Q

Oblique fracture of the necks of the 4th and 5th metacarpals; distal segment proximal (shorten finger)

A

Boxer’s fracture

63
Q

Dermatome on back of the head

A

C2

64
Q

Dermatome on the tip of the shoulder

A

C5

65
Q

Dermatome of the thumb

A

C6

66
Q

Dermatome of the middle finger

A

C7

67
Q

Dermatome of the small finger

A

C8

68
Q

Dermatome of the nipple

A

T4

69
Q

Dermatome of the umbilicus

A

T10

70
Q

Dermatome of the inguinal region

A

L1

71
Q

Dermatome of the knee and medial leg

A

L4

72
Q

Dermatome of the lateral leg and big toe

A

L5

73
Q

Dermatome of the small toe

A

S1

74
Q

Dermatome of the perineum

A

S5

75
Q

All left LN drain into the ___

A

Thoracic duct

76
Q

All right LN drain into the ____

A

Right lymphatic duct

77
Q

Spinal root mediating biceps brachii reflex

A

C5

78
Q

Spinal root mediating brachioradialis reflex

A

C6

79
Q

Spinal root mediating triceps brachii reflex

A

C7

Anatomy (20 decks)

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