Upper Extremities

Question 1

Subluxation of the radial head out of the annular ligament in the proximal radio-ulnar joint. Clinically presents with children who are unable to supinate after injury.

Answer 1

Nursemaid’s Elbow / Pulled up Elbow

Question 2

Caused by chronic inflammation or irritation of the origin of the extensor muscles of the forearm from the lateral epicondyle of the humerus as a result of repetitive strain. Common in tennis players / violinists.

Answer 2

Tennis Elbow / Lateral Epicondylitis

Question 3

Caused by a tear or chronic inflammation in the origin of the flexor muscles of the forearm from the medial epicondyle. Treatment is IV glucocorticoids i the affected area or avoidance of repetitive bending / flexion of the forearm in order to not compress the ulnar nerve.

Answer 3

Golfer’s Elbow / Medial epicondylitis

Question 4

Cyclists falling in their shoulder. Where’s the fracture?

Answer 4

Greater tuberosity of Humerus

Attachments
-supraspinatus
-infraspinatus
-teres minor

Question 5

Common scenario: Accompanies posterior dislocation of the shoulder joint. Where’s the fracture?

Answer 5

Lesser tuberosity of Humerus

Attachment of Subscapularis tendon

Question 6

What are the structures affected in the Injury of the surgical neck of the humerus?

Answer 6

Injury to Axillary nerve and Posterior Humeral Circumflex artery as they pass to the quadrangular space.

Question 7

Structures affected in the injury of the shaft of the humerus?

Answer 7

Injury to the Radial nerve and the Deep Brachial Artery in the spiral groove.

Question 8

Common scenario: Child undergoes FOOSH with partially flexed elbow. What type of fracture and structures affected?

Answer 8

Supracondylar fracture of the humerus.
Injury to the Median Nerve.

Question 9

Structure/s affected in the fracture of the Medial Epicondyle of the humerus?

Answer 9

Injury to Ulnar Nerve.

Question 10

Neurovascular Pairing: Name the corresponding Arteries & Nerves
Location: Axilla/ Lateral Thorax

Answer 10

Nerve: Long Thoracic
Artery: Lateral Thoracic

Question 11

Neurovascular Pairing: Name the corresponding Arteries & Nerves
Location: Surgical Neck of Humerus

Answer 11

Nerve: Axillary
Artery: Posterior Circumflex

Question 12

Neurovascular Pairing: Name the corresponding Arteries & Nerves
Location: Mid-shaft of Humerus

Answer 12

Nerve: Radial
Artery: Deep Brachial

Question 13

Neurovascular Pairing: Name the corresponding Arteries & Nerves
Location: Distal Humerus Cubital Fossa

Answer 13

Nerve: Median
Artery: Brachial

Question 14

Neurovascular Pairing: Name the corresponding Arteries & Nerves
Location: Distal Humerus - Popliteal Fossa

Answer 14

Nerve: Tibial
Artery : Popliteal

Question 15

Neurovascular Pairing: Name the corresponding Arteries & Nerves
Location: Posterior to Medial Malleolus

Answer 15

Nerve: Tibial
Artery: Posterior Tibial

Question 16

Nerve affected in Humeral Surgical Neck Fracture?

Answer 16

ARM-U
NAMe SOME

Axillary Nerve (C5-C6)
Neck Fracture

Question 17

Nerve affected in Axilla & Midshaft Fracture?

Answer 17

ARM-U
NAMe SOME

Nerve: Radial Nerve

Question 18

Nerve affected in Supracondylar Fracture?

Answer 18

ARM-U
NAMe SOME

NERVE: Median Nerve ( C5-T1)

Question 19

Nerve affected in Medial Epicondyle Fracture?

Answer 19

ARM-U
NAMe SOME*

Nerve: Ulnar Nerve
Fracture: Outstretched Fall - Medial Epicondyle

Question 20

Dysfunction of nerves :
A in ARM-U?

Answer 20

Axillary Nerve: failure to Abduct (C5-C6)

Question 21

Dysfunction of nerves :
R in ARM-U?

Answer 21

Radial (C5-T1) - Rist Drop (Wrist)

Question 22

Dysfunction of nerves :
M in ARM-U?

Answer 22

Median Nerve (C5-T1)
**Monkey ** hand / Ape Hand

Question 23

Dysfunction of nerves :
U in ARM-U?

Answer 23

Ulnar Nerve (C8-T1)
Ulnar claw