Upper Body Palpations Flashcards
Cranial Sutures
Coronal-
Saggital
Lambdoid
Temporal
Occiput
Superiorly from occipital tuberance two or three inches
inferiorly where occiput curves and sinks into muscles of neck
laterally to mastoid process
External occipital protuberance
Inion, level of top of ears
superior and inferior nuchal lines
above and below inion
Parietal bone
palpate saggital suture between parietals
follow anteriorly to level of ear canal and posteriorly to occiput
Temporal bone
Zygomatic arch anterior to ear canal
mastoid and styloid process
mastoid process
Large superficial bump behind earlobe
Styloid process
Behind earlobe between mastoid process and posterior edge of the mandible
Frontal bone
superiorly to coronal sutures
inferiorly to brow
laterally to anterior edge of temporalis muscles
nasal bone
Bridge of nose, located between frontal and maxillary bones
Zygomatic bone
Cheek bone
anterior aspect of zygomatic arch and the lateral portion of orbit of eye
Maxilla
Center of the face
Inferior portion of orbit of the eye, surface around the nose and upper jaw where teeth are
Mandible
Body: flat surface inferior to lower teeth
Base: jawline
Submandibular fossa: Underside
Angle:Posterior end of the base
Superficial condyle:anterior to ear canal, inferior to zygomatic arch
Corinoid process: an inch anterior to condyle of mandible : palpate with jaw open
thyroid Cartliage
Adams apple
Superior to cridoid below the level of the chin
Cricoid Cartliage
Superiorly along trachea below the thyroid , large ringed surface
Caroitd tubercle
6th cervical vertebrae
Hyoid bone
Superiorly from thyroid carilage
wider than trachea
side to side movements
Sternoclediomastoid
O-Sternal head: Top of manubruim
Clavicular head: med 1/3 of clavicle
I- Mastoid process and lateral portion of superior
nuchal line
A- Bi-Flex neck
uni-ipsilateral flex contralateral rotation
FB-Supralateral
Anterior Scalenes
O- TVP C3-C6
I- 1st rib
A-Bi-Flex head and neck
uni- Ipsi lat flex, Contra lat rotation
FB- inframedially
Middle Scalenes
O- TVP C2-C7
I- 1st Rib
A- Flex head and neck
uni- ipsilateral lateral flexion and contralateral rotation
FB-Inframedially
Posterior Scalenes
O- TVP C5-C7
I- 2nd Rib
A- Laterally flex and elevate 2nd rib
FB- inferiorly
Masseter
O- Zygomatic arch
I- Angle of the mandible and ramus
A- Elevates mandible
FB- inferiorly
Temporalis
O- Temporal fossa
I- Cornoid process and ramus of the mandible
A- elevates mandible
Suprahyoids
Stylohoid
Digastric
Mylohyoid
Geniohyoid
Stylohyoid
O- Styloid process
I- Hyoid
A-Elevates hyoid and tongue
Depresses mandible
Digastric
O- Mastoid process
I- Inferior Mandible (loops around hyoid)
A- Elevates hyoid and tongue
Depresses mandible
Mylohyoid
O- Underside of Mandible
I- Hyoid
A- Elevates hyoid and tongue
Depresses mandible
Geniohyoid
O- Underside of mandible
I- Hyoid
A- Elevates Hyoid and tongue
Depresses mandible
Infrahyoids
Sternohyoids
Omohyoid
thyrohyoid
Sternothyroid
Sternohyoid
O- top of manubrium
I- Hyoid
A- Depresses the hyoid
Omohyoid
O-Superior boarder of the scapula
I- Hyoid
A-Depress hyoid
Thyrohyoid
O- thyroid Cartilage
I- Hyoid
A- elevate thyroid, depress hyoid
Sternothyroid
O- Top of manubrium
I- Thyroid Cartilage
A- Depress Hyoid and thyroid
Platysma
O-Fascia covering superior part of Pec Major
I- Base of Mandible and skin of lower face
A- depress mandible, tighten neck fascia, draws corners of mouth down
Medial Pterygoid
O- Lateral Pterygoid plate & tuberosity of maxilla
I- Medial surface of ramus of mandible
A- Uni: laterally deviate to opposite side
Bi: Elevate and protract mandible
Lateral Pterygoid
O-Greater wing of sphenoid & lateral surface of lateral pterygoid plate
I- Articular disc& capsule of TMJ & neck of mandible
A- Uni: Laterally deviate to opposite
Bi: Protract mandible
Longus Capitus
O- TVP C3-C6
I- inferior surface of occiput
A- uni: lat flex ipsilateral side & rotate
Bi: Flex head and neck
FB : superiorly
Longus Colli
O- C5-T3 bodies, TVP C3- C5
I- Tubercle of anterior arch of atlas
Body of axis, C3&C4, TVP C5 &C6
A- Uni: laterally flex and rotate ipsilaterally
Bi: Flex head and neck to same side
Fb: Superiorely
Frontalis
O- Galea Aponeurotica
I: Skin superior to eyebrows
superior nuchal line of occiput
A: Raise eyebrows
Anchor & retract galea posteriorly
Spinalis
O- Broad tendon from posterior iliac crest, posterior sacrum, SI Ligament, sacral/ inferior lumbar SPs
I- SPs of superior thoracic
SPs of cervicals except C1
A- Bi: extend vetebral column and head
uni: Laterally flex vetebral column
Longissimus
O-Broad tendon from posterior iliac crest, posterior sacrum, SI Ligament, sacral/ inferior lumbar SPs
I- Ribs(B/t tubercles and angles)
C/s, T/S TVPs, mastoid process
A- BI: extend vetebral column and head
uni: Laterally flex column
Iliocostals
O- Common tendon
posterior surfaces of ribs 1-12
I- Angles of ribs, C/s TVPs
A- extend and laterally flex column
Multifidi
O- posterior sacrum, PSIS, SI ligament, aponeurosis of erector spine, mammillary process of L/S, TVPs of T1-T3, articular process of C4-C7
I- SPs 2-4 segement above their origin
A- Stabilize vertebrae local movement
Rotatores
O- TVPs of all vertebrae espacially T/S
I- Junction of lamina and TVP/ SP of vertebrae above or 2 above origin
A- Stabilize vertebrae local extension/rotation, proprioception
Splenius Capitus
O- Nuchal lig, SP C7-T6
I- Mastoid process, Lat 1/3 of Superior nuchal line
A-Bi: extend head/neck
uni: lat flex/ rotate ipsilaterally
Splenius Cervicis
O- SPs C7-T6
I- TVPs of C1-C3/C4
A-Bi: Extend head/neck
Uni: ipsi rotation
Suboccipitals
Rectus Capitus posterior major
Rectus Capitus Posterior Minor
Superior oblique of head
Inferior oblique of head
Rectus capitus posterior major
O- Sp of C2
I- Lat inf nuchal line
A- Extend head
Rectus capitus posterior minor
O- Posterior tubercle of C1
I-Medial inferior nuchal line
A- Extend head
Superior oblique of head
O- TVP of C1
I- B/t superior and inferior nuchal line
A- extension of head and lateral flexion
inferior oblique of head
O- Sp of C2
I-TVP of C1
A- Extend atlas on axis
Levator scapula
O-TVP of C1-C4
I- Superior medial boarder of scapula
A- elevates scapula, iferior rotation of scap, ipsilateral lateral flexion/ rotation of neck
trapezius
O- Medial superior nuchal line
Inion
Nuchal ligament
SPs C7- T12
I- Lateral 1/3 clavicle
Acromion
Spine of scapula
A- Superior: ipsilateral lateral flex, rotation scap superiorly, contralateral rotation
Middle: retract scapula
inferior: depress scap
BI: extend head and neck
Rhomboid Major
O- SP T2-T5
I- Medial boarder of scapula from spine of scapula to inferior angle
A-Retract and inferiorly rotate scapula
Rhomboid Minor
O- SPs of C7-T1, nuchal ligament
I- Medial boarder of scapula and spine of scapula
A- retract and inferiorly rotate scapula
Latissimus Dorsi
O- Sps of T6-T12, Thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, Ribs 8/9-12
I- Floor of bicipital groove of humerus
A-Extend back/arm, adduction shoulder, medial rotate shoulder
Serratus posterior superior
O- NUchal lig, SPs C7-T3
I- Superior border of Rib 2-4
A- proprioception, elevate ribs
Serratus posterior inferior
O- SPs T11- L2
I- inferior boarder ribs 8-12
A- proprioception, Depress ribs
Quadratus Lumborum
O- 12th rib & L/S TVPS
I- iliolumbar ligament & internal lip of iliac crest
A-Extend & laterally flex vertebral column
Rectus abdominis
O- Pubic symphysis & pubic crest
I- Xiphoid process & 5-7 costal cartilage
A- Flex trunk, compress abdominal viscera, provide posterior pelvic tilt
