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Mock Exams > Univ of Arizona Mock Exam E > Flashcards

Univ of Arizona Mock Exam E Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following documents describes recommendations for anesthesia and analgesia for late-term rodent fetuses?

a. 2005 amendments to the Animal Welfare Act
b. Guide for Care and Use of Laboratory Animals
c. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research
d. AVMA Guidelines for Euthanasia
e. ACLAM Policies and Procedures Manual

A

c. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research

Reference: Committee on Guidelines for the Use of Animals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research, Institute for Laboratory Animal Research, Division on Earth and Life Studies. 2003. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research. National Academies Press: Washington, D.C. Chapter 7 – Perinatal Studies, pp. 104-106.
Domain 2

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2
Q

In rats, after which day of gestation does careful palpation of the dam’s abdomen significantly become more accurate for pregnancy diagnosis?

A

12 days

  • after 10 days, can detect by palpation
  • by 14 days, mammary gland and nipple development are evident

1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Loew FM, Quimby FW, eds. 2002. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 2nd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 4 - Biology and Diseases of Rats, p.131.
2) Suckow MA, Weisbroth SH, Franklin CL, eds. 2006. The Laboratory Rat, 2nd edition. Elsevier Academic Press, San Diego, CA. Chapter 6 – Reproduction and Breeding, p. 151.
Domain 4; Primary Species - (Rattus norvegicus)

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3
Q

Clawed frogs use which of the following as the primary means of locating food?

a. Vision
b. Olfaction
c. Tactition
d. Hearing

A

b. Olfaction

Reference: Fox JG, Anderson LC, Loew FM, Quimby FW, eds. 2002. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 2nd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 17 – Biology and Diseases of Amphibians, p. 810.
Domain 1; Secondary Species – African Clawed Frog (Xenopus spp.)

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4
Q

Which of the following analgesics is the preferred drug for epidural administration because of its low lipid solubility and limited uptake from the epidural space, allowing effective analgesia up to 24 hours in dogs with minimal side effects?

a. Fentanyl
b. Morphine
c. Bupivicaine
d. Carprofen

A

b. Morphine

Reference: Fox JG, Anderson LC, Loew FM, Quimby FW, eds. 2002. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 2nd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 22 – Preanesthesia, Anesthesia, Analgesia, and Euthanasia, p. 979.
Domain 2; Primary Species – Dog (Canis familiaris)

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5
Q

What is the recommended density for housing of adult zebrafish?

A

5 per liter of water

1) Matthews et al. 2002. A virtual tour of the guide for zebrafish users. Lab Anim 31(3):34-40.
2) Institute for Laboratory Animal Research, Division on Earth and Life Studies, The National Research Council. 2011. Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. The National Academies Press: Washington, D.C. Chapter 3 – Environment, Housing, and Management, p. 83.
Domain 4; Secondary Species - Zebrafish (Danio rerio)

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6
Q

Which of the following rodents is relatively permissive of human respiratory syncytial virus infection of the upper airway?

a. Cane mice
b. Chinchilla
c. Degu
d. Gerbil
e. Gopher

A

b. Chinchilla

1) Grieves et al. 2010. Mapping the Anatomy of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection of the Upper Airways in Chinchillas (Chinchilla lanigera). Comp Med 60(3):225-232.
2) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Loew FM, Quimby FW, eds. 2002. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 2nd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 7 – Biology and Diseases of Other Rodents, pp. 258, 269, 275-276, 284
Domain 1; Tertiary Species – Other Rodents

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7
Q

Which of the following opioid analgesics has significant opioid receptor kappa activity?

a. Buprenorphine
b. Butorphanol
c. Pethidine
d. Fentanyl

A

b. Butorphanol

  • partial agonist of mu receptors
  • kappa receptors located in spinal cord

1) Fish RE, Brown MJ, Danneman PJ, Karas AZ, eds. 2008. Anesthesia and Analgesia in Laboratory Animals, 2nd ed. Academic Press, San Diego, CA. Chapter 4 – Pharmacology of Analgesics, p. 111.
2) Flecknell P and Waterman-Pearson A, eds. 2000. Pain Management in Animals. WB Saunders, London, UK. Chapter 3 – Pharmacology of Analgesic Drugs, p. 24.
Domain 2

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8
Q

Where are mu receptors? Which drugs are significant mu receptor agonists? Which are partial mu agonists?

A
  • cerebral cortex (lamina IV)
  • thalamus
  • periaqueductal grey

Mu agonists:

  • morphine
  • methadone
  • etorphine
  • levorphanol
  • fentanyl
  • sufentanil

Partial mu agonists:

  • butorphanol
  • buprenorphine
  • pentazocine

AALA, p 111

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9
Q

Where are delta receptors located? What opioids are delta agonists?

A
  • frontal cortex limbic system
  • olfactory tubercle

Etorphine is the only delta agonist listed.

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10
Q

What sounds are mice able to detect that are outside the human hearing range?

A

Those above 20 kHz

1) Fox JG, Barthold SW, Davisson MT, Newcomer CE, Quimby FW, Smith AL, eds. 2007. The Mouse in Biomedical Research, 2nd edition, Volume 3 – Normative Biology, Husbandry and Models. Elsevier Academic Press, San Diego, CA. Chapter 9 – Design and Management of Research Facilities for Mice, p. 292.
2) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Loew FM, Quimby FW, eds. 2002. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 2nd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 29 – Factors that may Influence Animal Research, p. 1150.
Domain 4; Primary Species – Mouse (Mus musculus)

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11
Q

What are conditionally acceptable methods of euthaniasia for rodents, according to the 2007 AVMA Guidelines on Euthanasia?

A
  • methoxyflurane
  • ether
  • N2
  • Ar
  • cervical dislocation (rats < 200 g)
  • decapitation
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12
Q

What are conditionally acceptable methods of euthanasia for dogs according to the 2007 AVMA Guidelines on Euthanasia? Cats?

A

Dogs:

  • N2
  • Ar
  • penetrating captive bolt
  • electrocution

Cats:

  • N2
  • Ar
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13
Q

According to the 2007 AVMA Guidelines on Euthanasia, what are the acceptable methods of euthanasia for NHPs?

A

Only barbiturates.

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14
Q

According to the 2007 AVMA Guidelines on Euthanasia, what are the conditionally acceptable methods of euthanasia for NHPs?

A
  • inhalant anesthetics
  • CO2
  • CO
  • N2
  • Ar
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15
Q

According to the 2007 AVMA Guidelines on Euthanasia, what are the acceptable methods of euthanasia for birds?

A
  • barbiturates
  • inhalant anesthetics
  • CO2
  • CO
  • gunshot (free-ranging only)
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16
Q

According to the 2007 AVMA Guidelines on Euthanasia, what are the acceptable methods of euthanasia for amphibians?

A
  • barbiturates
  • inhalant anesthetics (in appropriate species)
  • CO2
  • CO
  • tricaine methane sulfonate (TMS, MS 222)
  • benzocaine hydrochloride
  • double pithing
17
Q

According to the 2007 AVMA Guidelines on Euthanasia, what are acceptable methods of euthanasia for fish?

A
  • barbiturates
  • inhalant anesthetics
  • CO2
  • tricaine methane sulfonate (TMS, MS 222)
  • benzocaine hydrochloride
  • 2-phenoxyethanol
18
Q

According to the 2007 AVMA Guidelines on Euthanasia, what are conditionally acceptable methods of euthanasia for birds?

A
  • N2
  • Ar
  • cervical dislocation
  • decapitation
  • thoracic compression (small, free-ranging only)
  • maceration (chicks, poults, and pipped eggs only)
19
Q

What are acceptable methods of euthanasia for rodents and other small mammals (e.g. ferret)?

A
  • barbiturates
  • inhalant anesthetics
  • CO2
  • CO
  • potassium chloride in conjunction with general anesthesia
  • microwave irradiation
20
Q

What are acceptable methods of euthanasia for swine?

A
  • barbiturates
  • CO2
  • potassium chloride in conjunction with general anesthesia
  • penetrating captive bolt
21
Q

What are conditionally acceptable methods of euthanasia for swine?

A
  • inhalant anesthetics
  • CO
  • chloral hydrate (IV, after sedation)
  • gunshot
  • electrocution
  • blow to the head (< 3 weeks of age)
22
Q

What are acceptable methods of euthanasia for reptiles?

A
  • barbiturates
  • inhalant anesthetics (in appropriate species)
  • CO2 (in appropriate species)

Note: CO not listed, unlike amphibians

23
Q

What are conditionally acceptable methods of euthanasia for reptiles?

A
  • penetrating captive bolt
  • gunshot
  • decapitation and pithing
  • stunning and decapitation
24
Q

What are acceptable methods of euthanasia for rabbits?

A
  • barbiturates
  • inhalant anesthetics
  • CO2
  • CO
  • potassium chloride in conjunction with general anesthesia
25
Q

What are conditionally acceptable methods of euthansia for rabbits?

A
  • N2
  • Ar
  • cervical dislocation (< 1 kg)
  • decapitation
  • penetrating captive bolt
26
Q

Dubbing refers to which of the following standard agricultural practices?

a. Beak trimming of birds
b. Partial removal of the comb of chickens
c. Removal of supernumerary teats of cattle
d. Tail-docking in lambs

A

b. Partial removal of the comb of chickens

Reference: Committees to Revise the Guide for the Care and Use of Agricultural Animals in Agricultural Research and Teaching. 2010. GUIDE For the Care and Use of Agricultural Animals in Research and Teaching. 3rd Edition. Federation of Animal Science Societies, Savoy, IL. Chapter 7 – Dairy Cattle, p. 80; Chapter 9 – Poultry, pp. 117, 119; Chapter 10 – Sheep and Goats, p. 135 (http://www.fass.org/docs/agguide3rd/Ag_Guide_3rd_ed.pdf)
Domain 4; Tertiary Species – Chicken (Gallus domestica)

27
Q

According to the Animal Welfare Act and its regulations, who is responsible for ensuring that all scientists, research technicians, animal technicians, and other personnel involved in animal care, treatment, and use are provided instruction on the proper use of anesthetics, analgesics, and tranquilizers for animal species used by the facility?

A

Research facility

1) Animal Welfare Regulations, CFR Title 9, Chapter 1, Subchapter A, Part 2 – Regulations, Subpart C – Research Facilities, §2.32 Personnel qualifications (August 2002 Edition, p. 36)
2) Fish RE, Brown MJ, Danneman PJ, and Karas AZ, eds. 2008. Anesthesia and Analgesia in Laboratory Animals, 2nd Edition. Elsevier Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 25 – Regulatory Issues, p. 571.
Domain 5

28
Q

Which of the following is FALSE with respect to mouse parvoviruses?

a. VP-2 antigens help in serological differentiation of strains
b. There is extensive cross-reactivity among NS1 antigens
c. Mesenteric lymph nodes are particularly useful for PCR viral detection
d. Newly recognized strains can be reliably detected by current serological assays
e. Empty viral capsids or virions can be used to differentiate between MPV and MVM

A

FALSE: d. Newly recognized strains can be reliably detected by current serological assays

1) Percy DH and Barthold SW. 2007. Pathology of Laboratory Rodents and Rabbits, 3rd ed. Blackwell Publishing: Ames, Iowa. Chapter 1 - Mouse, pp. 24-25.
2) Fox JG, Barthold SW, Davisson MT, Newcomer CE, Quimby FW, Smith AL, eds. 2007. The Mouse in Biomedical Research, 2nd edition, Volume 2 – Diseases. Elsevier Academic Press, San Diego, CA. Chapter 4 – Parvoviruses, p. 100.
3) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Loew FM, Quimby FW, eds. 2002 Laboratory Animal Medicine, 2nd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 3 – Biology and Diseases of Mice, pp. 61-63
Domain 1; Primary Species – Mouse (Mus musculus)

29
Q

The following cabinet is being used in your laboratory. It is capable of which of the following?

a. Protects personnel, product, and environment
b. Protects personnel, product, but not the environment
c. Protects personnel, environment, but not product
d. Protects product, environment, but not personnel
e. Does not provide protection

A

c. Protects personnel, environment, but not product
* Note: pictured BSC is gloved but still a Class I !!!

1) Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories, 5th Edition, Centers for Disease Control, NIH, December 2009, page 315
2) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Loew FM, Quimby FW, eds. 2002. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 2nd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 24 – Control of Biohazards Associated with the Use of Experimental Animals, p. 1048-1053.
Domain 5

30
Q

According to the Animal Welfare Act and its regulations, an institutional animal care and use committee include which of the following?

a. At least five members, including one veterinarian
b. At least three members, including a scientist
c. At least five members, include an unaffiliated member
d. At least three members, including a veterinarian and an unaffiliated member
e. At least three members, including a scientist, veterinarian, and an unaffiliated member

A

d. At least three members, including a veterinarian and an unaffiliated member

1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Loew FM, Quimby FW, eds. 2002. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 2nd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 2 – Laws, Regulations, and Policies Affecting the Use of Laboratory Animals, p. 21.
2) Animal Welfare Regulations, CFR Title 9, Chapter 1, Subchapter A, Part 2 – Regulations, Subpart C – Research Facilities, §2.31(b)(2)(3)(i)(ii) Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee , (1-1-00 Edition, p. 21)
3) Silverman J, Suckow M, Sreekant M eds. 2007. The IACUC Handbook 2nd edition. CRC Press: Baco Raton, FL Chapter 5 –General Composition of the IACUC and Specific Roles of the IACUC Members, p. 38
Domain 5

31
Q

Which of the following diagnostic methods is considered to be the gold standard for identification of Helicobacter spp.?

a. Microbiologic culture of intestinal contents or feces
b. Rapid generic diagnosis by PCR detection of the highly conserved 16 sRNA region of the Helicobacter genome in feces or tissues
c. Histopathologic evaluation of liver or large bowel
d. Serologic diagnosis by an IgG ELISA which uses the outer membrane protein as the antigen
e. Commercial colorimetric fecal dipstick assay for the detection

A

b. Rapid generic diagnosis by PCR detection of the highly conserved 16 sRNA region of the Helicobacter genome in feces or tissues

1) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Loew FM, Quimby FW, eds. 2002. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 2nd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 3 – Biology and Diseases of Mice, p. 88.
2) Freebersyser et al. 2010. Evaluation of a commercial colorimetric fecal dipstick assay for the detection of Helicobacter hepaticus infections in laboratory mice. JAALAS 49(3):312-315.
Domain 1

32
Q

What type of undesirable side effects has buprenorphine caused in rats?

a. Gastric ulceration
b. Pica
c. Ascending paralysis
d. Ulcerative dermatitis
e. Anaphylaxis

A

b. Pica

1) Fish RE, Brown MJ, Danneman PJ, Karas AZ, eds. 2008. Anesthesia and Analgesia in Laboratory Animals, 2nd ed. Academic Press, San Diego, CA. Chapter 28 – Novel Delivery Systems for Analgesic Drugs in Laboratory Animals, p. 610.
2) Fox JG, Anderson LC, Loew FM, Quimby FW, eds. 2002. Laboratory Animal Medicine,
2nd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 22 - Preanesthesia, Anesthesia, and
Analgesia, p. 964.
Domain 2; Primary Species - Rat (Rattus norvegicus)

33
Q

Which of the following staining methods is used for identifying reticulocytes and Heinz bodies?

a. Toluidine blue
b. New methylene blue
c. Alcian blue
d. Giemsa
e. Haematoxylin and eosin

A

b. New methylene blue

1) Gude WD, Cosgrove GE, Hirsch GP. 1982. Histological Atlas of the Laboratory Mouse. Plenum Press: New York. Staining methods, pp.133-144.
2) Wheater PR, Burkitt HG, Daniels VG. 1987. Functional Histology: A Text and Colour Atlas, 2nd ed. Churchill Livingstone: Edinburgh. Notes on staining techniques, p. 342.

34
Q

Which of the following mice listed below is an example of a segregating inbred strain?

a. MRL-Faslpr
b. C3H/N-+/KitW-v
c. Tac:(SW)fBR
d. C57BL/6J.129/J-db3J

A

b. C3H/N-+/KitW-v
* Segregating inbred strains are inbred stains in which a particular allele or mutation is maintained in heterozygous state. They are developed by inbreeding (usually brother x sister mating) but with heterozygosity selected at each generation.

35
Q

RDEC-1 (rabbit diarrhea E. coli) is one of the more virulent strains of E. coli affecting rabbits. Strains expressing the eae gene are the most common and particularly pathogenic. What factor does the eae gene encode?

A

Intimin

Reference: Fox JG, Anderson LC, Loew FM, Quimby FW, eds. 2002. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 2nd edition. Academic Press: San Diego, CA. Chapter 9 – Biology and diseases of rabbits, p. 342.

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