UNITS 23&24 • PAT Flashcards

Question

Answer 1

**1. to remove something, especially without permission [T]** * *"Has anything been taken (= stolen)?"* * *"Here's your pen - I took it by mistake."* * *"[be taken from] All her possessions had been taken from her."* **2. to subtract a number (= remove it from another number) [T]** * *"[take something (away) from something] If you take 4 (away) from 12 you get 8."*

Answer 2

**1. money that is received from sales or as payment for entrance to an event [U]** * *"The box office take was huge for the new show."* **2. the filming of a scene (= small part of a film) [C]** * *"This scene needed ten takes before we felt it was right."*

Answer 3

**1. born as part of a particular type of family, or in a particular condition or situation** * *"Diana was born into an aristocratic family."* * *"She was not born into privilege, but has worked hard to achieve her current position."*

Answer 4

**1. existing as the result of something** * *"With a courage born of necessity, she seized the gun and ran at him."* * *"With a strength born of desperation, she hauled herself over the wall."* * *"It was, she explained, an act born of frustration and despair."* * *"This is an outlook born of ignorance and fear and the only solution is education."* * *"He had a sort of bravado about him that was born of loneliness and insecurity."*

Answer 5

**1. used to say that someone was born and grew up in a particular place, and usually that they are a typical example of someone who lives there** * *"He's a Parisian born and bred."* * *"I was born and bred in the country and all I know is farming."* * *"We were both born and raised here so the culture was in our blood."* * *"His mother is Mexican born and raised, and her cooking inspires him."* * *"Ann was born and brought up in Delaware."*

Answer 6

**1. recently born** * *"Breast-feeding is extremely beneficial to the health of newborn babies."* * *"Newborn infants, who have little immunity, are especially vulnerable to whooping cough."* **2. used to refer to something that has recently been created or started to exist** * *"This is not some kind of newborn liberalism."* * *"the newborn democracies of the world"*

Answer 7

**1. a baby that was born recently** * *"About 94 percent of newborns are given hearing tests."* * *"A newborn's sense of touch may be as acute as their ability to taste and smell."*

Answer 8

**1. a child who has no sisters or brothers**

Answer 9

**1. care for children, especially that provided by either the government, an organization, or a person while parents are at work or are absent for another reason** * *"Without affordable childcare, many mothers who wish to work are unable to."* * *"I need to arrange child care for the school holidays."* * *"What childcare facilities does your company offer?"*

Answer 10

**1. If something is done for the common good, it is done to help everyone** * *"We have to use our freedoms for the common good rather than our own selfish interests."* * *"Most people are willing to work together for the common good."* * *"The public can often be persuaded to make sacrifices for the common good."* * *"For the common good of our country, we need better employment prospects for our young people."* * *"He always acted out of concern for the common good."*

Answer 11

**1. the same in amount, number, or size** * *"[equal to] One litre is equal to 1.76 imperial pints."* * *"[equal in] One box may look bigger than the other, but in fact they are roughly (= almost) equal in volume."* **2. the same in importance and deserving the same treatment** * *"All people are equal, deserving the same rights as each other."* * *"[equal pay/status] They've got a long way to go before they achieve equal pay/status for men and women."* **3. skilled or brave enough for a difficult duty or piece of work [after verb formal]** * *"[prove equal to] It's a challenging job but I'm sure you'll prove equal to it."* * *"[equal to the task] Do you think he's equal to the task ahead of him?"*

Answer 12

**1. someone or something that has the same importance as someone or something else and deserves the same treatment** * *"The good thing about her as a boss is that she treats us all as equals."* * *"Throughout her marriage she never considered her husband as her intellectual equal."* * *"[have no equal] As an all-round athlete he has no equal (= no-one else is as good)."*

Answer 13

**1. to be the same in value or amount as something else** * *"16 ounces equals one pound."* **2. to achieve the same standard or level as someone else, or the same standard or level as you did before** * *"We raised over $500 for charity last year and we're hoping to equal that this year."* **3. to result in something** * *"He disputed the idea that more money equals better education."*

Answer 14

**1. a family consisting of two parents and their children, but not including aunts, uncles, grandparents, etc.**

Answer 15

**1. a family unit that includes grandmothers, grandfathers, aunts, and uncles, etc. in addition to parents and children**

Answer 16

**1. a family that includes either a mother or a father but not both**

Answer 17

**1. If a quality, ability, disease, etc. runs in the family, many members of the family have it** * *"Intelligence seems to run in that family."* * *"We're all ambitious - it seems to run in the family."*

Answer 18

**1. a typical quality or an important part of something [C]** * *"The town's main features are its beautiful mosque and ancient marketplace."* * *"Our latest model of phone has several new features."* * *"A unique feature of these rock shelters was that they were dry."*

Answer 19

**1. to include someone or something as an important part** * *"The movie features James Dean as a disaffected teenager."* * *"This week's broadcast features a report on victims of domestic violence."* * *"It's an Australian company whose logo features a red kangaroo."*

Answer 20

**1. A distinguishing feature is one that makes someone or something different from similar people or things, or that allows you to identify it or them** * *"Under "distinguishing features" on his passport, it said "scar on left cheek"."* * *"The bright green taxis are a distinguishing feature of the city."*

Answer 21

**1. a situation in which older and younger people do not understand each other because of their different experiences, opinions, habits, and behaviour** * *"[bridge/cross the generation gap] She's a young politician who manages to bridge/cross (= understand both groups in) the generation gap."*

Answer 22

**1. to like another adult very much and be romantically and sexually attracted to them, or to have strong feelings of liking a friend or person in your family** * *"I love you."* * *"Last night he told me he loved me."* * *"I've only ever loved one man."* * *"I'm sure he loves his kids."* **2. to like something very much** * *"She loves animals."* * *"I absolutely love chocolate."* * *"He really loves his job."* * *"[+ -ing verb] I love skiing."* * *"Love it or hate it, reality TV is here to stay."*

Answer 23

**1. the feeling of liking another adult very much and being romantically and sexually attracted to them, or strong feelings of liking a friend or person in your family [U]** * *""I've been seeing him over a year now." "Is it love?""* * *"Children need to be shown lots of love."* * *"[give someone your love] "I'm seeing Laura next week." "Oh, please give her my love" (= tell her I am thinking about her with affection)."* * *"[send your love to someone] Maggie asked me to send her love to you and the kids (= tell you that she is thinking about you with affection)."* * *"[informal] [love life] How's your love life (= your romantic and/or sexual relationships) these days?"* **2. a person that you love and feel attracted to [C]** * *"[love of someone's life] He was the love of my life."* * *"[first love] She was my first love."* **3. used as a friendly form of address [as form of address UK informal]** * *"You look tired, love."* * *"That'll be four pounds exactly, love."* **4. used before your name at the end of letters, cards, etc. to friends or family [U informal (also love from); (all my love)]** * *"See you at Christmas. Love, Kate."*

Answer 24

**1. If you cannot get something, or if someone will not do something, for love nor money, it is impossible to get it or to persuade them to do it** * *"You can't get hold of those tickets for love nor money these days."*

Answer 25

**1. a romantic and sexual relationship between two people who are not married to each other [C]** **2. a strong liking for a particular activity or place [S]** * *"Her love affair with ballet began when she was ten."*

Answer 26

**1. to make a determined decision or promise to do something** * *"[+ (that)] The guerrillas vowed (that) they would overthrow the government."* * *"[+ to infinitive] After the awful meals we had last Christmas, I vowed to do more of the cooking myself."*

Answer 27

**1. a serious promise or decision** * *"[+ to infinitive] She took/made a vow never to lend money to anyone again."*

Answer 28

**1. the country where you were born or that you feel is your original home** * *"Even though she hasn't lived in Spain for 50 years, she still calls it her mother country."*

Answer 29

**1. a country's official song, played and/or sung on public occasions**

Answer 30

**1. If a person who is in a foreign country goes native, they begin to live and/or dress like the people who live there.**

Answer 31

**1. relating to or describing someone's country or place of birth or someone who was born in a particular country or place [before noun]** * *"She returned to live and work in her native Japan."* * *"She's a native Californian."* **2. used to refer to plants and animals that grow naturally in a place, and have not been brought there from somewhere else** * *"Henderson Island in the Pacific has more than 55 species of native flowering plants."* * *"The horse is not native to America - it was introduced by the Spanish."* **3. relating to the first people to live in an area [before noun]** * *"The Aborigines are the native inhabitants of Australia."* * *"the native population"* * *"native customs and traditions"*

Answer 32

**1. a person who was born in a particular place, or a plant or animal that lives or grows naturally in a place and has not been brought from somewhere else** * *"a native of Monaco"* * *"The red squirrel is a native of Britain."* **2. an extremely offensive word for someone who lived in a country, especially in Africa, before Europeans went there [offensive old-fashioned]**

Answer 33

**1. from a large number of places** * *"People came from far and wide to see the house."* * *"Athletes from far and wide competed in the regional finals."* * *"Inmates come to this facility from far and wide."* * *"The inspiring curriculum draws students from far and wide."* * *"People from far and wide gathered to celebrate her life."*

Answer 34

**1. completely covering your body** * *"The dog was covered in mud from head to toe."*

Answer 35

**1. something bad that almost happened** * *"The car just missed the child but it was a very close thing."*

Answer 36

**1. your family, especially those that you live with or are very involved with**

Answer 37

**1. If something is relative to something else, it changes according to the speed or level of the other thing** * *"The amount of petrol a car uses is relative to its speed."* * *"The overall risk to health is almost certainly relative to the amount of these substances ingested."* * *"The cost of installing the solar panel system is relative to the size of the house."* * *"At this level, salaries should be relative to the performance of the company."* * *"Of course, the real cost of food and drink is relative to earnings, and these have also risen over this period."* * *"Are these documents relative to the discussion?"* * *"These articles relative to Chaucer's history have had to be revised given recent discoveries."* * *"The auction house sold the painter's ephemera, particular those items relative to his "blue" period, to the national museum."* * *"All information relative to his imprisonment is classified and will not be released to the press."*

Answer 38

**1. a relation who is related to you through one of your parents, not through an aunt or uncle, etc.** * *"Diana is a direct descendant of Robert Peel."* * *"He was a direct relative of the artist."* * *"His mother was a direct descendant of the governor of Massachusetts."* * *"She had no living direct descendants."* * *"It was always said that he was a direct relation of the former president."* * *"As a direct relative of someone who was diagnosed with the disease, he should also be screened for it."*

Answer 39

**1. to have a high social position and be rich from birth**

Answer 40

**1. (of two or more people) to think in a similar way and to understand each other well** * *"What makes the problem worse is that Howard and Tina are not on the same wavelength about how to deal with it."*

Answer 41

**1. If two people get on like a house on fire, they like each other very much and become friends very quickly** * *"I was worried that they wouldn't like each other but in fact they're getting on like a house on fire."*

Answer 42

**1. very similar, especially in appearance** * *"The twins are like two peas in a pod."*

Answer 43

**1. to compare something to other things so that it can be accurately and fairly judged** * *"Total investments for this year reached $53 million, and, to put this into perspective, investments this year were double those made in 2013."* * *"People were unset by the sudden rise in violent crime, so he tried to put it in perspective by explaining that crime rates were actually falling."* * *"Let's look at how some other businesses are doing to put our results in some sort of perspective."* * *"We saw people who were homeless and that put everything into perspective."* * *"Looking at these figures should help you put your fears into perspective."*

Answer 44

**1. If two people see eye to eye, they agree with each other** * *"[don't see eye to eye with] My sisters don't see eye to eye with me about the arrangements."*