United States & Canada Flashcards
1
Q
What AVA is shared by Napa & Sonoma?
A
Los Carneros
2
Q
What AVA is the Champoux vineyard in?
A
Horse Heaven Hills
3
Q
Name three sub AVAs of the Yakima Valley?
A
Rattlesnake Hills, Snipes Mountain, Red Mountain
4
Q
Where is the Three Sisters Vineyard? What is grown there and who makes wine from it?
A
Sonoma Coast; Chardonnay & Pinot Noir; Marcassin, Martinelli
5
Q
Name a valley floor sub AVA of Napa.
A
Rutherford
6
Q
What is the name of the mountain range that separates Napa & Sonoma? What is the name of the mountain range to the east of Napa?
A
Mayacamas; Vaca
7
Q
What is the largest sub-AVA of the Columbia Valley?
A
Yakima Valley
8
Q
What is the Winkler Scale? What end would a “Region 1” area be on? Name an example.
A
Heat summation system in wine growing areas. During the growing season, each day points are assigned for every degree higher than 50’ F. Carneros is a Region 1, the coolest, with 2500 degree points or less.
9
Q
What counties are part of the North Coast?
A
Napa, Sonoma, Mendocino, Lake, Solano & Marin
10
Q
Where is the Sanford & Benedict vineyard?
A
Sta. Rita Hills, Santa Barbara County
11
Q
Who makes “Monte Bello”? Where? What are the grapes?
A
Ridge, Santa Cruz Mountains; Bordeaux blend, Cab-heavy with Merlot & Franc
12
Q
Name the two mountain ranges that run east/west in California. What valleys do they create?
A
San Rafael & Santa Ynez Mountains; Santa Maria Valley & Santa Ynez Valley
13
Q
What county is Mt. Harlan in?
A
San Benito County
14
Q
What is the eastern most AVA in Washington?
A
Walla Walla Valley
15
Q
What three AVAs are shared by Washington & Oregon?
A
Columbia Valley, Walla Walla, & Columbia Gorge
16
Q
What AVA in Washington draws comparison to Chateauneuf-du-Pape for its “rocks” – basalt cobblestones reminiscent of galets?
A
Walla Walla Valley
17
Q
Where is Cayuse located?
A
Walla Walla
18
Q
What is the name of the mountain range that separates Puget Sound from the Columbia Valley?
A
The Cascades
19
Q
Who makes “L’Apres Midi”? Where from and what grapes? Name two other wines from this producers.
A
Peter Michael, Sauvignon Blanc, Sonoma County (Knight’s Valley). Other PM wines: Belle Cote (Chard), Cuvee Indigene (Chard), La Carriere (Chard), Mon Plaisir (Chard)
20
Q
What was the first sub AVA of the Napa Valley?
A
Howell Mountain
21
Q
How many sub AVAs of the Napa Valley are there in total? Name them.
A
16:
Calistoga, Howell Mountain, Yountville, Carneros, Atlas Peak, Rutherford, Spring Mountain, Oakville, Mt. Veeder, Diamond Mountain, St. Helena, Stags Leap, Wild Horse Valley, Oak Knoll District, Chiles Valley, & Coombsville (added 2011)
22
Q
Ciel du Cheval & Klipsun are vineyards in what AVA?
A
Red Mountain AVA (Yakima, Columbia Valley)
23
Q
DuBrol & 2 Blondes vineyards lie in what AVA?
A
Rattlesnake Hills (Yakima, Columbia Valley)
24
Q
Name the 11 sub AVAs of the Columbia Valley.
A
Yakima Valley - Rattlesnake Hills - Red Mountain - Snipes Mountain Wahluke Slope Walla Walla Valley Horse Heaven Hills Lake Chelan Columbia Gorge Ancient Lakes of Columbia Valley Naches Heights
25
Where is California's Hyde Vineyard?
Carneros
26
Where is Les Pavots vineyard?
Knight's Valley, Sonoma
27
Where is Hudson Vineyard? What is grown there and who makes wine from it?
Carneros; Chard, Syrah & Bordeaux varietals
| Marcassin, Arietta, Kistler
28
Who is the proprietor of Diatom? What are the two other projects he's involved in?
Greg Brewer; Brewer-Clifton & Melville
29
Anderson Valley is one of 11 Mendocino AVAs. The other 10 are: ______________
```
Mendocino AVA
Mendocino Ridge AVA
Yorkville Highlands AVA
Redwood Valley AVA
Potter Valley AVA
McDowell Valley AVA
Cole Ranch AVA
Dos Rios AVA
Covelo AVA
Pine Mountain-Cloverdale Peak AVA (added 2011, mostly in Sonoma)
```
30
What is Coro Mendocino?
Coro Mendocino is an association of producers AND a wine bottling that is made in Mendocino under strict regulations. Similar to Champagne's Special Club or Napa Valley's Meritage.
31
What sort of regulations must producers of Coro Mendocino follow?
* Made only with Mendocino Fruit
* Produced entirely at a bonded Mendocino winery
* regulations: submission timetable, blind tasting panel, package in uniform bottle and packaging
* must be minimum 95% vintage
* Must follow chemistry, cooperage, and aging requirements
* 40-70% Zinfandel, a percentage of any one other permitted grape without exceeding percentage of Zinfandel (Syrah, Petite Sirah, Carignane, Sangiovese, Grenache, Dolcetto, Charbono, Barbera, Primitivo), and up to 10% blend or single combination of any vinifera source.
32
Permitted cepage of Coro Mendocino
* 40-70% Zinfandel
* a percentage of any one other permitted grape without exceeding percentage of Zinfandel (Syrah, Petite Sirah, Carignane, Sangiovese, Grenache, Dolcetto, Charbono, Barbera, Primitivo)
* up to 10% blend or single combination of any vinifera source.
33
What was the major natural event which influenced the 2008 Mendocino vintage? What happened to production?
2008 saw multiple forest fires, many producers did not make a vintage, some wines have smoke taint, and many vineyards suffered 50%+ loss.
34
Smalled AVAs in Mendocino (by acres under vine)
Cole Ranch - 60 acres under vine
Dos Rios - 6 acres under vine
Covelo - 2 acres under vine
35
Which Mendocino AVA has NO wineries and only 2 of 38,000 acres under vine?
Covelo AVA (granted AVA status in 2006, before regulations of 'no wineries = no AVA law')
36
Mendocino AVA covers which Mendocino County AVAs (7)?
```
Mendocino AVA is 275,200 acres and covers:
Anderson Valley
Yorkville Highlands
Redwood Valley
Potter Valley
McDowell Valley
Cole Ranch
some Mendocino Ridge
```
37
Where is Redwood Valley AVA and what grapes are grown there?
Mendocino. Warm area with gaps in coastal range allowing influence of Pacific air. Red soils abound. Earliest vineyards of Mendocino were planted here by Italians.
Grapes: Cab Sauv, Zin, Barbera, Petite Sirah
38
Mendocino Ridge AVA applies only to what elevation and above?
1,200 Ft.
USA's only non-contiguous AVA.
(Eagle Peak is a proposed sub-AVA).
39
Which Mendocino AVA is a haven for Rhône varietals?
McDowell Valley AVA.
540 acres, high sloping benchland that is 1,000ft above sea level.
Over looks Russian River.
known for Rhône reds & whites, old vine zinfandel.
40
Tiniest AVA in USA in total area (refers to area covered, not area under vine). What winery encompasses the entire AVA?
Cole Ranch, Mendocino. 150 acres total (less than 1/4 sq mile), 60 acres planted. One vineyard here controlled by Esterlina Winery (good Riesling here).
41
Where is Pine Mountain-Cloverdale Peak AVA?
Shared between southern Mendocino and Sonoma. Added in 2011.
42
Top white and red varietals by acreage in Mendocino.
W) Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc, Geurztraminer
R) Cabernet Sauvignon, Pinot Noir, Zinfandel
(Cabernet Sauvignon in Mendocino often falls into blends or in North Coast AVA wines)
43
California's 4 Regional AVAs
```
North Coast
Central Coast
South Coast
Sierra Foothills
[Central Valley/San Joaquin Valley is NOT an AVA, but simply a growing region]
```
44
Buena Vista was founded by: ________
Inglenook was founded by: _______
Beaulieu Vineyards was founded by: _________
Buena Vista: Agostin Haraszthy
Inglenook: Gustave Neibaum
Beaulieu: George de Latour
45
Longest *continuously* running winery in California
Buena Vista, founded in 1857 by Agostin Haraszthy
46
First planting of Vines in California was where and by whom?
San Diego della Calla, the first of the 21 California Missions, by Junipero Serra and his parish.
47
"Estate Bottled" requirements for the United States.
* Winery and Vineyards must be in same AVA
* Winery must own and control all vineyards
* Winery does all production from start to finish.
48
What was the first vintage of BV's Georges de Latour Private Reserve?
1936
49
Who was the most famous winemaker of Beaulieu, and when was he hired?
Andre Tchelistcheff, 1938
50
What genus do these native American grape vines belong to:
* Concord
* Catawba
* Scuppernong
* Norton
* Vitis Labrusca
* Vitis Labrusca
* Vitis Rotundifolia
* Vitis Aestivalis
51
What American rootstock is responsible for alleviating phylloxera in California in the 1880s and 1890s?
Vitis Rupestris/St. George
52
What was the first US bonded winery? When and where was it established?
Pleasant Valley Wine Co, 1860 in the Fingerlakes
53
When did prohibition start and end and what amendments were responsible for each?
1919 (18th Amendment); 1933 (21st Amendment)
54
Name two wineries that continued to produce through prohibition under the guise of sacramental wine?
Buena Vista, Beaulieu
55
What winery is responsible for the term "Rutherford Dust"?
Beaulieu
56
What winery is responsible for the creation of "Fumé Blanc" in California?
Robert Mondavi
57
What was the first vintage of Robert Mondavi? What was the first vintage of Opus one, and who is it a collaboration between?
1966; 1979, Robert Mondavi & Philippe de Rothschild
58
What California wines won in the Paris tasting of 1976?
1973 Chateau Montelena Chardonnay and 1973 Stags Leap Cabernet Sauvignon
59
Where is Martha's Vineyard?
Oakville
60
What is the oldest commercial winery in Monterey?
Chalone Vineyard
61
Who planted the first Pinot Noir in Oregon and in what year?
David Lett, Eyrie Vineyards, 1966
62
Who planted the first Vitis Vinifera in the Fingerlakes and in what year?
Dr. Konstantin Frank, 1962
63
Who was the original proprietor of Chateau Montelena, and when did he acquire the estate?
Jim Barrett, 1972
64
Who was the original proprietor of Stag's Leap, and when was it established?
Warren Winiarski, 1970
65
Who makes Cask 23?
Stags Leap, a blend of their estate SLV and FAY vineyards
66
Who makes "Arcadia" Chardonnay? From what AVA?
Stags Leap, Coombsville AVA (Napa)
67
What was the first vintage of Screaming Eagle, and who was the original winemaker?
1992, released 1995, Heidi Peterson Barret
68
Name 5 winemaking projects that Andy Erickson has been involved in.
Screaming Eagle (2006-2011), Favia (own project, current), consultant for Dalle Valle, Ovid, Arietta, Dancing Hares
69
What government institution was the first to demarcate AVAs in the United States? In what year? Who oversees the AVA system today?
ATF (Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearm Bureau) first demarcated AVAs in the late 1970s (first AVA was 1980). Today, the TTB (Tax & Trade Bureau) oversees the AVA system.
70
What were the first and second AVAs and in what years?
1980 -- Augusta AVA in Missouri
| 1981 -- Napa AVA
71
Describe the controversy surrounding the approval of Calistoga for AVA status in 2009?
The AVA was approved despite the fact that Calistoga Cellars and Calistoga Estates would not meet the labeling requirements to have "Calistoga" on their labels, and were not grandfathered in.
72
What are the percentage of grapes are required to label an American wine by:
* Country, State, or County
* AVA
* Single Vineyard
* 75%
* 85%
* 95%
73
What are the exceptions to the regional labeling laws for American wineries?
If a wine is labeled California or Oregon, it must come 100% from that state. For Washington, 95%
74
What are the requirements for vintage dating in the US?
If a wine is vintage dated, it must come from an appellation smaller than country. If labeled by AVA, must be 95% from that vintage. If labeled by state or county, only 85%
75
What are the requirements for varietal labeling in the United States?
75% (except Vitis Labrusca, which is 51%)
76
What is the margin of "error" for alcohol labeling on a bottle of US wine?
+/- 1.5%
77
What winery is located at the IX Estate in the Pritchard Hill area of St. Helena?
Colgin Estate
78
Who makes "Cariad"?
Colgin Estate, means "love" in Welsh, Cab, Merlot, and Cab Franc
79
Who was the first winemaker for Harlan?
Bob Levy
80
What is the second wine of Harlan?
"The Maiden"
81
What winery was founded by Boots & Al Brounstein in 1968?
Diamond Creek
82
Who makes Red Rock Terrace and Volcanic Hill?
Diamond Creek
83
Who is the proprietor of the Eisele Vineyard and in what year was it planted to Cabernet? Where is it located?
Araujo; 1964; just east of Calistoga
84
What are the requirements for a wine to be labeled "Meritage"?
Only Bordeaux varietals (red or white), and no grape accounts for more than 90% of the blend
85
What geographic feature borders Napa on the south?
San Pablo Bay
86
Who makes "Maya"?
Dalle Valle
87
Who owns Bond and why was it started?
Bill Harlan; Single vineyard sites did not fit into the philosophy of Harlan, and Bob Levy was pushing to do single vineyard wines.
88
What is the second label of Bond?
Matriarch
89
Name the wines of Bond and where they come from? Which was Bond's inaugural release?
```
Melbury (hills east of Rutherford)
Pluribus (Spring Mountain)
Quella (eastern Napa hills)
St. Eden (just north of Oakville)
Vecina (Oakville -- 1999 vintage was Bond's inaugural release)
```
90
Who owns the oldest continually producing Chardonnay and Pinot Noir vines in the US?
Hanzell, in Sonoma Valley
91
Who was the original proprietor of Hanzell, and in what year was it established?
Ambassador Zellerbach, 1948
92
Who makes Sebella?
Hanzell -- their less expensive Chardonnay, with less oak and younger vines
93
Name a Region I AVA in Sonoma? Region III?
Region I - Carneros
| Region III - Dry Creek, Rockpile, Knight's Valley
94
Name the two sub AVAs of the Russian River Valley?
Chalk Hill & Green Valley
95
What is the warmest AVA in Sonoma?
Knight's Valley
96
What are the two most recent AVAs of Sonoma?
Fort Ross-Sea View and Pine Mountain-Cloverdale Peak
97
How many AVAs are there in Sonoma? Name five.
15: Carneros, Sonoma Valley, Sonoma Mountain, Bennett Valley, Sonoma Coast, Northern Sonoma, Pine Mountain-Cloverdale Peak, Russian River Valley, Green Valley of Russian River Valley, Chalk Hill, Dry Creek Valley, Rockpile, Alexander Valley, Knights Valley, Fort Ross-Sea View
98
Name two wineries that Helen Turley is the winemaker or consulting winemaker for?
Marcassin, Martinelli
99
Who makes l'Ermitage? From where?
Roederer, Anderson Valley
100
Where is the Livermore Valley AVA?
Central Coast, just south of San Francisco. In Alameda County.
101
Where is Ben Lomond Mountain AVA?
Central Coast, just south of San Francisco. Within Santa Cruz County, and sits on the western edge within Santa Cruz Mtns AVA.
102
Where is the Santa Clara Valley AVA?
Central Coast, just south of San Francisco
103
Where is the San Ysidro District AVA?
Central Coast, just south of San Francisco. Fully within Santa Clara Valley AVA. ZERO WINERIES but 2 vineyards: Mistral & San Ysidro.
104
What are the 9 AVAs of Monterey County?
Monterey, Santa Lucia Highlands, Chalone (shared with San Benito Co.), Hames Valley, Arroyo Seco, Carmel Valley, San Antonio Valley, San Bernabe, San Lucas
105
Where is the Salinas Valley?
Monterey
106
What mountain range defines the Mt. Harlan AVA?
Gabilan Mountains
107
What county is Paso Robles in?
San Luis Obispo
108
Where is the Templeton Gap a proposed AVA?
Paso Robles
109
What are the four AVAs of San Luis Obispo County?
Paso Robles, Arroyo Grande, York Mountain, Edna Valley
110
Where does California's coastline sharply bend, trending east/west instead of north/south?
At Point Conception, in Santa Barbara County
111
What mountain ranges in Santa Barbara run east/west and what valleys do they create?
San Rafael & Santa Ynez Mountains; Santa Maria Valley AVA and Santa Ynez Valley AVA
112
What two AVAs lie within the Santa Ynez Valley AVA?
Sta. Rita Hills and Happy Canyon of Santa Barbara
113
Where is the Bien Nacido vineyard located?
Santa Maria Valley
114
Where is the Sanford & Benedict vineyard located?
Sta. Rita Hills AVA, in the Santa Ynez Valley
115
Where does Santa Barbara fall on the Winkler Scale?
Region I
116
What county has the longest growing season in California?
Santa Barbara
117
Name the 4 AVAs of Santa Barbara County.
* Santa Maria Valley
* Santa Ynez Valley
- Sta. Rita Hills
- Happy Canyon of Santa Barbara
118
What is the most important quality wine growing region of the Central Valley?
Lodi
119
What heat summation zones does the Central Valley fall under?
IV and V
120
What geographic feature does Lodi lie on the eastern edge of?
Sacramento River Delta
121
Why is Lodi cooler than the rest of the Central Valley?
There is a gap in the coastal ranges that lets the coastal air in.
122
Approximately what percent of California's total production comes from Lodi?
20%
123
What are the seven sub-apps of Lodi?
```
Mokelumne River
Cosumnes River
Jahant
Borden Ranch
Alta Mesa
Clement Hills
Sloughhouse
```
124
What are the sub AVAs of the Sierra Foothills?
```
California Shenandoah Valley
El Dorado
Fair Play
Fiddletown
North Yuba
```
125
What are the sub AVAs of the Willamette Valley?
```
Dundee Hills
Eola-Amity Hills
Ribbon Ridge
McMinnville
Yamhill-Carlton District
Chehalem Mountains
```
126
What AVA of the Willamette Valley has the highest elevation vineyards?
Chehalem Mountains
127
What AVA of the Willamette Valley is known for Willakenzie soil, and what defines this soil type?
Ribbon Ridge, Yamhill Carlton; loam and ash (sedimentary vs. volcanic), making for denser, richer, more dark-fruited wines
128
What AVA of the Willamette Valley is known for Jory soil, and what defines this soil type?
Dundee Hills, well-drained volcanic top-soil, making for more elegant, red-fruited wines
129
How did the Missoula Floods affect the soils of the Willamette Valley? What were the Missoula Floods?
The Missoula Floods erupted periodically over thousands of years at the end of the last ice age, as glacial dams melted and refroze. Now, a wealth of alluvial soils, known as Willamette Silt, sit over older, volcanic & sedimentary bedrock
130
How does the climate of Southern Oregon compare to that of the Willamette Valley?
It is warmer and drier in Southern Oregon
131
What are the AVAs of Southern Oregon?
```
Red Hills Douglas County
Umpqua Valley
- Elkton Oregon
Applegate Valley
Rogue Valley
```
132
What appellation does Oregon share with Idaho?
Snake River Valley
133
What is the varietal requirements for labeling Oregon wine?
With the exception of Bordeaux grapes, Rhone grapes, Zin, Sangiovese, Tannat & Tempranillo, varietally labeled Oregon wines must contain a minimumm 90% of the grape rather than the federally mandated 75%
134
What is the exception to the federally mandated law for percentage of grapes that must come from an AVA to be labeled as such?
Oregon; wines labeled by AVA must contain 95% of grapes from that AVA rather than the federally mandated 85%
135
What geographic feature helps define the climate of the Columbia Valley?
The rainshadow effect caused by the Cascade Mountains -- less than ten inches of rain/year
136
What was Washington State's first AVA? In what year?
Yakima Valley, 1983
137
What sub AVA of the Yakima Valley is known for Cabernet Sauvignon?
Red Mountain AVA
138
What is the most planted grape in the Yakima Valley?
Chardonnay
139
What is the only AVA of Washington that lies west of the Cascades?
Puget Sound
140
What state is the second largest producer of wine in the US?
New York
141
How does the climate of Long Island compare to that of the Finger Lakes?
Long Island is warmer, more maritime, with a three week longer growing season. Bordeaux varietals do well here.
142
What helps mitigate the cold climate of the Finger Lakes?
The Lake Effect -- lowers the chance of freezes and promotes late bud break, lessening the dangers of spring frost.
143
What are the three AVAs of Long Island?
Long Island
- North Fork of Long Island
- The Hamptons, Long Island
144
What are the three AVAs of the Finger Lakes?
Finger Lakes
- Cayuga Lake
- Seneca Lake
145
Besides Long Island and Finger Lakes AVAs, name the three other AVAs of New York State? What, if any, are they shared with?
- Hudson River Region
- Lake Erie (shared with PA & OH)
- Niagara Escarpment
146
What is the world's largest demarcated region?
Mississippi River Valley AVA -- over 30,000 square miles in MN, WI, IA, and IL
147
How many AVAs are there in Texas? What is the largest?
8; Texas Hill Country (9 million acres!)
148
What are the sub regions of the Baja Peninsula?
Valle de Guadalupe, Valle de Santo Tomas, Valle de San Antonio de las Minas, Valle de San Vincente
149
Where is the home to America's oldest winery?
Casa Madero in Coahuila, 1597
150
In what year was Inniskillin founded and in what appellation? What style of wine did they pioneer?
1974, Niagara on the Lake; Ice Wine (made from Riesling and Cab Franc)
151
What is the most common grape used to make Canadian ice wine?
Vidal
152
What is the regulatory body for wine in Canada?
Vitners Quality Alliance (VQA)
153
What are the only two Canadian regions with VQA status? Which one's standards are legally enforced and which are voluntary?
Ontario & British Columbia. VQA standards are legally enforced in Ontario, but voluntary in British Columbia
154
What percentage of grapes must be grown in Ontario or British Columbia to be labeled as such?
100%
155
What are the percentage requirements for labeling by appellation in British Columbia and Ontario?
Ontario: 85% for appellations and regional appellations. 100% for sub-appellations (in the Niagara Peninsula)
BC: 95% for appellations
Both: Single vineyard, 100%
156
What are the percentage requirements for labeling by vintage in Ontario and British Columbia?
Both must contain 85% of grapes from that year (Ontario must be vintage dated, except for sparkling, but BC does not have to be).
157
In what year was the moratorium that started after prohibition lifted on new winery licenses in Canada?
1974
158
What are the percentage requirements for labeling by varietal in Ontario and British Columbia?
85%
159
In VQA standards, is chaptalization authorized?
Not for the production of late harvest or ice wine.
160
What are the four main appellations/viticultural areas of Ontario?
Niagara Peninsula, Lake Erie North Shore, Pelee Island, Prince Edward County
161
What is Canada's southernmost viticultural region?
Pelee Island
162
With the exception of Pelee Island, all of Ontario's viticultural areas are located on what geographic features? How does this affect the climate of the region?
Lake Erie & Lake Ontario; the cool climate is mitigated by the Lake Effect
163
When must intent to produce icewine be declared to the VQA? How are grapes harvested for icewine?
November; grapes are harvested at night when temps reach at least -8* C.
164
What are the sub-appellations of the Niagara Peninsula not found in a regional appellation?
Vinemount Ridge
Creek Shores
Lincoln Lakeshore
165
What are the two regional appellations of the Niagara Peninsula?
Niagara-on-the-Lake
| Niagara Escarpment
166
What are the sub-appellations of Niagara-on-the-Lake?
Niagara River
Niagara Lakeshore
Four Mile Creek
St. David's Bench
167
What are the sub-appellations of Niagara Escarpment?
Short Hills Bench
Beamsville Bench
Twenty Mile Bench
168
What are the five designated viticultural areas of British Columbia?
```
Okanagan Valley
Vancouver Island
Gulf Islands
Fraser Valley
Simikameen Valley
```
169
In what designated viticultural area is 82% of British Columbia's wine made? What two geographic features define the climate? What style of wine is made there?
Okanagan Valley; the continental climate is mitigated by Lake Okanagan and the valley has little rain due to the rainshadow effect produced by the Monashee Mountains; dry wines from PN, Chard, PG, Merlot, and PB, very little dessert wine
170
What is the largest AVA in California?
Central Coast AVA. 100,000 acres under vine (4million acres total). 360+ wineries.
171
What is the sole winery of Mt Harlan, when was it planted, and who runs it?
Calera. 1975. Josh Jensen.
172
What's the largest *nondivided* AVA in California?
Paso Robles. This will change as the TTB has approved 11 sub AVAs.
173
Which winery in The Central Coast is co-owned by Perrin family of the Rhone? Where is it located?
Tablas Creek. Paso Robles.
174
Tablas Creek's top cuvée "Espirit de Beaucastle" will be known as what from 2011 vintage on? Where is it located?
Espirit de Tablas. Paso Robles AVA.
175
In what AVA is Morro Bay the dominant cooling influence?
Edna Valley AVA in San Luis Obispo county.
176
Name the AVA that overlaps SLO & Santa Barbara counties.
Santa Maria Valley (mostly in Santa Barbara)
177
State the Winkler Scale range for Arroyo Grande and the dominant varieties found in western and eastern Arroyo Grande.
Winkler scale I to III. Chardonnay and Pinot Noir to the west in low, mid valley sections; Zinfandel, petite Sirah & Rhone varieties near warm higher elevation inland Lake Lopez
178
What is the most widely planted grape in Paso Robles?
Cabernet Sauvignon
179
Who is the consulting winemaker for Epoch, and what other project is he responsible for, and where is it located?
Justin Smith of Saxum. Paso Robles.
180
What was the first US winery and vineyard established exclusively for Rhone varieties, and where is it located? What major event did the founder establish to promote the region and the grapes?
Alban Vineyards in Edna Valley. Mr Alban help found Hospice du Rhone.
181
Name the first AVA defined by altitude?
Santa Cruz Mountains, 1981.
182
Nearly 80% of California Chardonnay can trace roots back to which clone from which Central Coast AVA?
Livermore/Wente clone from Livermore Valley.
183
Where did James Concannon and CH Wente launch their wineries in 1883?
Livermore Valley.
184
What is the name Native Americans and author Jack London has for Sonoma Valley.
Valley of the moon.
185
Name 2 Sonoma AVAs known for Zinfandel.
Alexander Valley, Rockpile, Dry Creek
186
Name 2 Sonoma AVAs known for Cabernet Sauvignon.
Alexander Valle, Knights Valley, Sonoma Valley
197
What vintage did James Laube refer to as the vintage that "put California Cabernet on the map"?
1974
208
Name 3 of the 5 Lake County AVAs
```
Clear Lake
Red Hills
High Valley
Benmore Valley
Guenoc
```
209
Name the first single winery AVA in the USA
Guenoc (1981) controlled by a single winery, the Langtry Estate/Guenoc Winery. This is the first winery that became both a brand and an AVA. Usually bottled under Guenoc Valley AVA, Lake County AVA, or California AVA.
210
Name the primary soil type of Red Hills AVA in Lake County.
Red Hills AVA is dominated by deep red volcanic soils, and is located at the base of Mount Konocti. Warm climate and volcanic soils nourish 3000 acres of Zin, Syrah, Cab Franc, Merlot, and Petite Sirah.
211
What are the most widely planted grapes in Lake County?
Cabernet Sauvignon and Sauvignon Blanc.
212
Name four of the 8 counties of the Sierra Foothills AVA
```
(north to south:)
Yuba
Nevada
Placer
El Dorado
Amador
Calaveras
Tuolumne
Mariposa
```
213
Name 3 of the 5 Sierra Foothills sub-AVAs, and their county
North Yuba, El Dorado, Fair Play, California Shenandoah Valley, Fiddletown
Yuba Co: North Yuba AVA
El Dorado Co: El Dorado, Fair Play, California Shenandoah (w/Amador)
Amador Co: Fiddletown, California Shenandoah Valley (w/ ElDorado)
214
Calaveras, Mariposa, Nevada, Placer, and Tuolumne Counties do not have any AVAs within them. However, all of these counties are within WHICH AVA? What counties with sub-AVAs are not listed here?
Sierra Foothills AVA.
Yuba Co, El Dorado Co, and Amador Co have sub-AVAs.
215
State the rough number of wineries in Sierra Foothills, and the predominate grapes?
140+ wineries.
| 90% red grapes (Zinfandel 40%, Cabernet Sauv, Syrah, Chardonnay 5%)
216
Which AVA in the Sierra Foothills is known for having the highest elevation and unique granite soils?
Fair Play AVA (El Dorado Co).
21,120 acres, sandy loam over massive granite monolith, Highest elevation in Sierras (2-3,000 ft). Syrah (loves granite), Zin, Barbera, Petite Sirah
217
What are the only Sonoma AVAs that are NOT included in Gallo's Northern Sonoma AVA?
Sonoma Valley, Carneros, Sonoma Mountain, and Bennett Valley (too far south for inclusion). (must check on Fort-Ross and Pine Mountain)
12078
Name the three sub AVAs of Solano County.
Solano County Green Valley, Suisun Valley, Wild Horse Valley (shared with Napa). North Coast AVA also includes Solano Co.
12079
Name the counties of the Central Coast from North to South (10)
Contra Costa, San Francisco, Alameda, San Mateo, Santa Clara, Santa Cruz, San Benito, MOnterey, San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara
12080
What AVAs are in Santa Clara County? What AVAs are grapes grown in Santa Clara Co also able to be labeled as?
Santa Clara Valley, San Ysidro, Pacheco Pass. Grapes from within the county can also be labeled: Central Coast AVA, San Francisco Bay AVA
12081
In what County is Livermore Valley AVA located?
Alameda County
12082
From which sub-AVA was the San Francisco Bay AVA submitted? Who submitted the AVA?
Livermore Valley. Submitted by Carolyn Wente and granted in 1999. Meant to be a quality-driven AVA to distinguish the terroir of the 'north central coast'.
12083
Carmel Valley is in what county, and what red wine grapes does it specialize in?
Carmel Valley is in Monterey County and it specializes in Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot (comprising 70% of plantings).
12084
This Sub-AVA within Monterey AVA was created for which major winery's vineyards?
San Bernabe AVA was carved out from San Lucas AVA for Delicato winery. San Bernabe vineyard is the *largest contiguous vineyard site in California*
12085
Where is Arroyo Grande AVA? Where is Arroyo Seco AVA?
Arroyo Grande: San Luis Obispo
| Arroyo Seco: Monterey
12086
What two grapes were widely planted during the gold rush in the Sierra Foothills?
Zinfandel & Carignan
12087
What is the Volstead Act?
The act that implemented prohibition in 1920 (18th ammendment was passed in 1919)
12088
Name three producers of sweet jug wine (often labeled "Burgundy" or "Chablis") in the 1930s in California.
Gallo, Almaden, Masson
12089
Who invented white zin?
Sutter Home
12090
Name three Champagne producers who opened up wineries in California in the 1970s.
Moet & Chandon, G.H. Mumm, Louis Roederer
12091
Name five native American grape varieties and their genus name.
Concord (Vitis Labrusca), Muscadine (Vitis Rotundifolia), Scuppernong (a white variety of Muscadine, Vitis Rotundifolia), Niagara (Vitis Labrusca), Norton (Vitis Aestivalis), and Catawba (Vitis Labrusca)
12092
Name five white hybrid grapes planted in America.
Brianna, La Crescent, Seyval, Traminette, Vidal Blanc, Vignoles, Blanc du Bois, Cayuga White, Chardonel, Valvin Muscat
12093
Name three red hybrid grapes planted in America.
Chambourcin, Frontenac, Marechal Foch, Marquette, Baco Noir, Black Spanish (aka Lenoir)
12094
What is Cynthiana a synonym for?
Norton
12095
Descibe two benefits of cover crops.
Prevents soil erosion and hosts beneficial insects.
12096
What are the two biggest vine diseases that have plagued vines in the US?
Phylloxera and Pierce's Disease
12097
Name three labeling requirements for American wine.
Alcohol, government health warning, "contains sulfites" (if present in 100ppm or more)
12098
Name five producers/brands that Gallo owns.
Louis Martini, Bridlewood, Martin Codax, Carlo Rossi, Boone's Farm, Andre, Barefoot, Ecco Domani
12099
Where is La Jota based?
Howell Mountain
12100
What mountain range does Spring Mountain sit on?
Mayacamas
12101
What mountain range does Diamond Mountain sit on?
Mayacamas
12102
What winery is Martin Ray associated with?
Mt. Eden in the Santa Cruz Mountains
12103
Stags Leap District AVA is carved out of the east side of what other AVA? What makes it unique?
Yountville; soil composition -- unique geological outcroppings from the Vaca mountains; more volcanic and alluvial than Yountville -- called "Rhyolite" soils-- clay/loam.
12104
Who owns Silverado Vineyards?
Disney
12105
Where is the To-Kalon vineyard and name two producers who make wine from it?
Oakville, Cab, Beckstoffer and Mondavi
12106
Who owns Robert Mondavi? When was it sold?
Constellation; 2004
12107
Who owns Louis Martini? When was it sold?
E&J Gallo; 2002
12108
What is Angelica?
A historic style of wine made by the early missionaries (c. 1830s) in California. The Mission grape was typically used, but with no skin contact to make white juice. Brandy (also made from the Mission grape) was added before or during fermentation.
12109
When did the secularization of the California missions occur?
1833; previously planted vineyards were privatized and large "rancheros" blossomed where missions had been.
12110
When did California come in possession of the United States?
Between 1846-1848, with the official admission of it as the 31st state in the union in 1850.
12111
Where does Yountville take its name from?
George Calvert Yount, a pioneer of the Napa Valley originally from North Carolina. Thought to have planted some of the first vines in the Napa Valley from Sonoma cuttings in 1838-39. Charles Krug managed his estate in the 1860s.
12112
```
What is the more common name for these early California grown grapes?
Golden Chasselas
Black Malvoisie
White Pinot
Durif
```
Golden Chasselas -- Palomino
Black Malvoisie -- Cinsault
White Pinot -- Pinot Blanc
Durif -- Petite Sirah
12113
```
6. In what decade did the following begin production in Napa?
Schramsberg
Diamond Creek
Robert Mondavi
Larkmead
Freemark Abbey
Chappellet
Sutter Home
Stag's Leap
Caymus
Far Niente
Heitz Cellar
Spring Mountain
Dominus
Domaine Chandon
Beaulieu
Dunn
Beringer
Sterling
Charles Krug
Grgich Hills
Inglenook
Rubicon
Chateau Montelena
Joseph Phelps
Mayacamas
Clos Pegase
```
```
Schramsberg -- 1860s
Diamond Creek -- 1970s
Robert Mondavi -- 1960s
Larkmead -- 1890s
Freemark Abbey -- 1940s
Chappellet -- 1960s
Sutter Home -- 1900s
Stag's Leap -- 1970s
Caymus -- 1970s
Far Niente -- 1870s
Heitz Cellar -- 1960s
Spring Mountain -- 1960s
Dominus -- 1980s
Domaine Chandon -- 1970s
Beaulieu -- 1900s
Dunn -- 1980s
Beringer -- 1870s
Sterling -- 1960s
Charles Krug -- 1860s
Grgich Hills -- 1970s
Inglenook -- 1880s
Rubicon -- 1970s
Chateau Montelena -- 1960s
Joseph Phelps -- 1970s
Mayacamas -- 1940s
Clos Pegase -- 1980
```
12114
In what decades did phylloxera present the biggest problem to Napa vitners and when was it remedied?
1870s-1890s with vines finally being planted onto native American rootstock (mainly St. George, a vitis rupestris) at the turn of the century. Research continued throughout the 20th century for other resistant root stocks, especially those that would produce higher yields. One called AxR#1 was latched onto, though it's resistance to phylloxera was refuted by many. Sure enough, Phylloxera hit again in the 1980s, and to many vineyards planted on AxR#1.
12115
What is the Volstead Act?
The 1920 act that implemented prohibition (the 18th amendment was passed in 1919)
12116
What Napa producers had the greatest winemaking/growing continuity during Prohibition?
Georges de Latour at Beaulieu had the greatest success, hands down, with their sacramental license. Beringer also fared well. Though they didn't have a sacramental license, they refused to graft over their better vines, and instead sold these more expensive grapes under bond to others, particularly Beaulieu. Larkmead also did well, gaining a reputation for their bulk grapes.
12117
What stipulations of the Volstead Act allowed for wine grape and wine production to continue in a limited fashion in California?
First, that sacramental and medicinal wines were legal. And second, that heads of households could make cider or "fruit juices" in their homes, essentially legalizing home winemaking. Every head of household was permitted to make 200 gallons of fruit juice each year per the IRS!
12118
What wineries did Robert Mondavi work at before founding his eponymous winery?
Robert Mondavi's father, Cesare Mondavi, owned St. Helena Winery, which incorporated after prohibition in 1937. He also acquired Charles Krug winery in 1943, both of which Mondavi Jr. worked at.
12119
When did Andre Tchelistcheff begin with Beaulieu and how long was his tenure? What were some of his lasting effects on viticulture in the Napa Valley?
He began with BV in 1938 and retired in 1973. Clean, cooler fermentations, carefully measure applications of sulfur dioxide, and an end to all copper and iron fittings.
12120
Where did Joseph Heitz work before founding his eponymous winery?
Gallo, Guild, Mission Bell, and Beaulieu
12121
In the 1950s, reference to "the big five" Napa Valley wine producers referred to who?
Beaulieu, Inglenook, Louis Martini, Charles Krug, and Beringer
12122
When did Inglenook suffer severe brand dilution and drop in quality -- and why? Who eventually bought the old Niebaum estate and, what was the new winery name, and what was the year of their first vintage?
In 1964 John Daniel sold Inglenook to United Vitners, a giant operation that acted as the production and marketing agent for Allied Grape Growers (a huge viticultural cooperative). But the real blow came in 1969 when Heublein, a giant food conglomerate based in CT bought 82% of Inglenook from United Vitners. This was before estate bottling laws, and Heublein began selling all of its cheap jug wine as "estate bottled" Inglenook. Tens of thousands of bottles of plonk labeled Inglenook flooded the market.
In 1975, Francis Ford Coppola bought the old Niebaum estate, with 85 acres of vines planted to it, mostly Cabernet Sauvignon. In 1978, with the counsel of Robert Mondavi and Andre Tchelistcheff, he made the first vintage of Rubicon, which would not be released until 1985.
12123
In what year did Heitz first bottle a separate Martha's Vineyard Cabernet Sauvignon?
1966 released in 1971
12124
What was the first vintage of Robert Mondavi?
1966 (fun fact: John Daniel, the proprietor of Inglenook at the time, bought the first five cases of Mondavi's 1966 vintage)
12125
\Who made the 1973 vintage of Chateau Montelena that was to go on to win at the 1976 Judgement of Paris?
Mike Grgich was the winemaker at Chateau Montelena from 1972-1977
12126
What wineries did Mike Grgich work at before starting his eponymous one?
Souverain, Beaulieu, Robert Mondavi, and Chateau Montelena
12127
What year did Caymus begin bottling wine? Who did they hire in 1975 to be their winemaker?
Caymus began production in 1972 and in 1975 hired Randall Dunn to be its winemaker, who was there until 1986, when he left to concentrate on his own winery on Howell Mountain.
12128
Where did Warren Winiarski work before founding Stag's Leap in 1972?
Robert Mondavi and Souverain.
12129
What is the name of Taittinger's Napa sparkling wine house and what was its first vintage? What building was the winery modeled after?
Domaine Carneros, 1989; Taittinger's Chateau de Marquetterie
12130
In what year of the 80s did Napa see floods of historic proportions?
1986
12131
When was the first vintage of Opus One and when was it released?
First vintage 1979 was released in 1984 to the public (though made an apperance at the 1981 Napa Wine Auction under the name "napamedoc").
12132
What is the history of the Napanook vineyard?
John Daniel of Inglenook bought Napanook, an 120 acre property in Yountville, from Louis Stralla in 1946. Daniel refused to sell this parcel and even told his daughters to never sell the land before his death in 1970. Robert Mondavi purchased most of the Napanook grapes in the years following Daniel's death before Christian Moueix approached the sisters about a partnership. Thus Dominus was born, first vintage 1983, released 1988.
12133
What winemaker and winery is credited with the "invention" of white Zinfandel, and in what year?
Bob Trinchero at Sutter Home, a stuck fermentation in the 1975 vintage created the sweet style of white Zin that we know today.
12134
Name three other California Chardonnays besides Chateau Montelena that competed in the Judgement of Paris in 1976.
Chalone Vineyard, Spring Mountain, Freemark Abbey, Veedercrest, David Bruce
12135
Name three Bordeauxs that were entered in the Judgement of Paris in 1976. Which got second place?
1970 Mouton, 1970 Haut-Brion, 1970 Montrose, 1971 Leoville Las Cases; Mouton got second
12136
Name three Burgundies that were entered in the Judgement of Paris in 1976. Which got second place?
Roulot 1973 Meursault-Charmes, Drouhin 1973 Clos des Mouches, Ramonet-Prudhon 1973 Batard Montrachet, Leflaive 1972 Les Pucelles; Roulot came in second to Chateau Montelena
12137
Name three other California Cabernets besides Stag's Leap that competed in the Judgement of Paris in 1976.
Ridge Monte Bello, Mayacamas, Clos du Val, Heitz, Freemark Abbey
12138
AVA: Opus One
Oakville
12139
AVA: Dunn
Howell Mountain
12140
AVA: Diamond Creek
Diamond Mountain District
12141
AVA: Corison
St. Helena
12142
AVA: Heitz
St. Helena
12143
AVA: Araujo
Calistoga
12144
AVA: Dalle Valle
Oakville
12145
AVA: Mayacamas
Mt. Veeder
12146
AVA: Shafer
Stags Leap District
12147
AVA: Colgin
Pritchard Hill
12148
AVA: Chateau Montelena
Calistoga
12149
AVA: Harlan
Oakville
12150
AVA: Robert Mondavi
Oakville
12151
AVA: Joseph Phelps
St. Helena
12152
AVA: Beaulieu
Rutherford
12153
A 1988 Wine Spectator report showed that about 40% of Napa wine came from seven producers. Can you name the seven?
Robert Mondavi, Beaulieu, Beringer, Sterling, Christian Brothers, Charles Krug, and Domaine Chandon.
12154
When did Warren Winiarski sell Stag's Leap and to who?
2007; to the combined interested of Marchese Piero Antinori and Ste. Michelle Wine Estates.
12155
Who owns To-Kalon vineyard and when did he acquire it?
Andy Beckstoffer bought part of To-Kalon vineyard (in Oakville) from Beaulieu in 1993 (though Mondavi is still the largest owner).
12156
What are the best vintages of the 2000s in Napa?
2000 itself was cool and irregular; 2001-2004 saw a string of very hot vintages, with 2002 and 2003 being the most difficult, though all capable of producing outstanding wines. 2005 and 2006 were slightly cooler, with lower alcohols and heightened acidities. 2007 and 2008 were steadier with earlier harvests and lower yields. 2009 was a blockbuster, with 2010 and 2011 being more difficult (cool, rainy). 2011 was exceptionally challenging with lots of mold and mildew. 2012 and 2013 are promising.
12157
What were the best vintages of the 1980s in Napa?
1984, 1985, 1986, 1987
12158
What were the best vintages of the 1990s in Napa?
The 1990s saw a string of good vintages in Napa, with the possible exceptions being 1996 and definitely 1998, which was unusually cool and rainy.
12159
What does COLA refer to?
Certification of Label Approval
12160
What company leads the world in total wine production?
E&J Gallo
12161
What county lies to the north of Sonoma and west of Lake County?
Mendocino
12162
What mountain ranges define Mendocino?
Coastal ranges to the west, Mayacamas to the east
12163
Name three producers based in Mendocino.
Fetzer, Navarro, Parducci, Roederer
12164
What AVA lies between Anderson Valley and the coast?
Mendocino Ridge
12165
What region on the Winkler Scale is Mendocino?
Region I in the west ("the deep end") and Region II in the east
12166
AVA: Savoy Vineyard
Anderson Valley, Mendocino; Littorai
12167
AVA: Cerise Vineyard
Anderson Valley, Mendocino; Littorai
12168
AVA: Pivot Vineyard
Sonoma Coast; Littorai
12169
AVA: Ferrington Vineyard
Anderson Valley, Mendocino; Williams Seylem
12170
AVA: Morning Dew Ranch
Anderson Valley, Mendocino; Williams Seylem
12171
When did Roederer estate start production in the Anderson Valley? What is their premier cuvee called?
1982; L'Ermitage (brut and brut rose)
12172
Name three producers of Anderson Valley Pinot?
Littorai, Copain, Williams Seylem, Goldeneye (owned by Duckhorn), Twomey, Saintsbury, Siduri, La Crema
12173
What is the only non-contiguous AVA in the United States?
Mendocino Ridge
12174
What is the lowest elevation for vineyards from Mendocino Ridge AVA?
1200 ft.
12175
What grapes and styles of wine are most successful in Anderson Valley?
Pinot Noir, Chardonnay, Alsatian varietals, sparkling wine
12176
What AVA lies between Anderson Valley and Sonoma's Alexander Valley?
Yorkville HIghlands
12177
Who owns Fetzer and Parducci?
Brown Forman
12178
Name three brands that Kendall-Jackson owns?
Arrowood, Byron, Cambria, Cardinale, Freemark Abbey, Hartford, La Crema, Lokoya, Matanzas Creek, Stonestreet
12179
What are the AVAs of Lake County?
```
Benmore Valley
High Valley
Guenoc Valley
Clear Lake
Red Hills Lake County
```
12180
What is "conjunctive labeling"?
As of 1/1/14, all wines bearing the name of a Sonoma or Napa AVA must also have "Sonoma County" or "Napa Valley" on the label.
12181
Put from east to west: Alexander Valley, Knights Valley, Dry Creek Valley
Knights Valley, Alexander Valley, Dry Creek Valley
12182
What AVAs of Sonoma County touch or go over the border to Mendocino County?
Sonoma Coast, Rockpile, and Alexander Valley all touch the border of Mendocino County. Pine Mountain-Cloverdale Peak is shared between Sonoma and Mendocino counties
12183
What AVA of Sonoma does Pine-Mountain-Cloverdale Peak overlap?
Alexander Valley
12184
What are the two sub-AVAs of Russian River Valley?
Chalk Hill and Green Valley of Russian River Valley
12185
Sonoma Coast AVA includes some or all of which other Sonoma County AVAs?
Fort-Ross Seaview, Russian River Valley (Chalk Hill and Green Valley), Sonoma Valley, and Los Carneros
12186
What other Sonoma AVA does Rockpile overlap?
Dry Creek Valley
12187
Besides overlapping Russian River, what other AVAs does Chalk Hill touch?
Alexander Valley and Knights Valley
12188
What AVA lines the southern edge of Dry Creek Valley?
Russian River Valley
12189
What AVAs are partially or wholly contained within the Sonoma Valley AVA?
Bennett Valley, Sonoma Mountain, Moon Mountain, Los Carneros
12190
Put east to west: Moon Mountain, Bennett Valley, Sonoma Mountain
Moon Mountain, Sonoma Mountain, Bennett Valley
12191
What AVA connects Sonoma and Napa at their northernmost point?
Knights Valley
12192
What is Sonoma's warmest AVA and why?
Knights Valley; it is further inland and its narrow shape against the Mayacamas traps daytime heat
12193
AVA: Peter Michael
Knights Valley
12194
Name three winemakers who've worked at Peter Michael.
Vanessa Wong, Helen Turley, and Mark Aubert
12195
AVA: Anakota
Knights Valley
12196
What is the most planted grape in the Dry Creek AVA?
Cabernet Sauvignon (with Zin right behind it)
12197
AVA: Lytton Springs
Dry Creek Valley, Sonoma; Ridge
12198
AVA: Geyserville vineyard
Alexander Valley; Sonoma; Ridge
12199
What three grapes are planted in the Lytton Springs vineyard? Where is it?
Zinfandel, Petite Sirah, and Carignane
12200
How do the average temps of Rockpile compare to Dry Creek and why?
Usually 10-15' cooler b/c much higher elevation (800-1200 ft)
12201
Name three producers who use Rockpile fruit?
Carol Shelton, JC Cellars, Seghesio
12202
AVA: Dutton Ranch vineyard
RRV; Kistler, Nickel & Nickel, Patz & Hall; Chard & PN
12203
AVA: Rochioli vineyard
RRV; Williams Seylem, Gary Farrel, Alysian; PN
12204
What makes Dutton Ranch vineyard unique?
It is not one contiguous vineyard, but 80 individual vineyards scattered throughout RRV and the Sonoma Coast
12205
Where is Westside Road?
A winery trail in the Russian River Valley; home to Williams Seylem
12206
AVA: Davis Bynum
RRV
12207
AVA: Gary Farrel/Alysian
RRV
12208
AVA: Joseph Swan
RRV
12209
AVA: Mancini Ranch vineyard
RRV; Joseph Swan; Zinfandel
12210
AVA: Olivet Land vineyard
RRV; Merry Edwards; PN
12211
AVA: Merry Edwards
RRV
12212
In what AVA did Korbel get its start?
RRV
12213
Name three sparkling wine producers based in the Russian River Valley?
Iron Horse, J Vineyards, Korbel
12214
AVA: Ramey
RRV
12215
AVA: Ritchie
RRV; Paul Hobbs, Ramey, Arista; Chardonnay
12216
Russian River Valley AVA lines are heavily defined by what feature?
Fog instrusion
12217
What appellation lies on the SW edge of RRV?
Green Valley of Russian River Valley
12218
How does the climate of Green Valley differ from the rest of RRV and why?
Cooler and foggier due to its proximity to the Petaluma Gap
12219
AVA: Iron Horse
Green Valley of Russian River Valley
12220
AVA: Dutton Goldfield
Green Valley of RRV
12221
What is West Sonoma Coast Vitners and name three members.
An organization aiming to demarcate the western Sonoma Coast from the west of this large, disparate appellation. Members include Flowers, Failla, Freestone, Cobb, Littorai, Martinelli, Patz & Hall, Peay, Ramey, Hirsch, Red Car, Freeman, Evening Land
12222
What is Fort Ross-Seaview AVA's defining characteristic?
Above the fog line -- 900-1800 ft.
12223
Name three wineries based in Fort Ross-Seaview.
Fort Ross, Flowers, Hirsch, Marcassin, Martinelli, Wild Hog
12224
AVA: Occidental vineyard
Sonoma Coast; PN; Kistler, Evening Land
12225
What AVA does the Petaluma Gap have a defining effect on?
Sonoma Coast & Fort Ross-Seaview
12226
AVA: Buena Vista
Sonoma Valley
12227
AVA: Madrone Ranch vineyard
Sonoma Valley; Bedrock
12228
In what three counties does Ravenswood make wine? Who is the proprietor?
Napa, Sonoma, and Lodi; Joel Peterson.
12229
What mountain ranges define the Sonoma Valley?
Mayacamas to the east; Sonoma Mountain to the west
12230
AVA: Monte Rosso vineyard
Sonoma Valley; Louis Martini; Zin & Cab
12231
AVA: Hanzell
Sonoma Mountain
12232
AVA: Gundlach Bundschu
Sonoma Valley
12233
AVA: Benzinger
Sonoma Mountain
12234
What AVA is nested in the NW corner of Sonoma Valley? How does it differ in climate from the rest of Sonoma?
Bennett Valley; it is cooler due to Pacific winds coming through the Petaluma gap
12235
What Carneros based sparkling wine producer is owned by Freixenent?
Gloria Ferrer
12236
What body of water lies directly below Carneros?
San Pablo Bay
12237
AVA: Hyde vineyard
Carneros (Napa side); Chard; Ramey, Patz & Hall
12238
AVA: Hudson vineyard
Carneros (Napa side); Chard; Ramey, Patz & Hall
12239
AVA: HdV
Carneros (make Chard, Syrah, and Bdx blend -- no Pinot!)
12240
AVA: Truchard
Carneros (Merlot)
12241
What is the most successful grape in Marin County? Name one vineyard.
Pinot Noir; Devil's Gulch Ranch
12242
What is the northernmost AVA in the Central Coast AVA?
San Francisco Bay AVA
12243
What is Livermore Valley AVA's claim to fame? What larger AVAs is it a part of?
Carl Wente planted Chardonnay here in the 1880s; most Chardonnay vines in the state can be traced back to a Wente clone; San Francisco Bay AVA and Central Coast AVA
12244
AVA: Monte Bello vineyard
Santa Cruz mountains
12245
What major geological feature defines the Santa Cruz Mountains AVA?
San Andreas fault; two plates meet, creating sandstone, clay, loam & granite soils
12246
AVA: Mt. Eden Vineyards
Santa Cruz Mountains
12247
What winery did Martin Ray start in 1936?
Mt. Eden Vineyards
12248
What mountain does Monte Bello lie on, what is the elevation, and soils?
Black Mountain (within Santa Cruz Mountain range); clay-loam topsoil with limestone bedrock; 2600 ft
12249
AVA: RHYS
Santa Cruz Mountains
12250
AVA: Bonny Doon
Santa Cruz Mountains
12251
Ben Lomond is a sub-AVA of what?
Santa Cruz Mountains, on the western edge
12252
What is the sub-AVA of the Santa Cruz Mountains?
Ben Lomond Mountain
12253
Classify the 8 sub-AVAs of Monterey County (not including Monterey AVA itself) as:
- 4 northern
- 4 southern
- Carmel Valley and Chalone are the northernmost (besides Monterey itself, which runs the length of the county). Chalone is to the east, Carmel Valley to the west. Santa Lucia Highlands runs down the middle of the two and is flanked to the east, on its southern end, by Arroyo Seco.
- San Bernabe, San Lucas, San Antonio Valley, and Hames Valley are to the south.
12254
What grapes grow well in northern Monterey vs. southern Monterey?
N -- Chard & PN
| S -- Cab & Syrah
12255
Describe the climate of the Santa Lucia Highlands.
Influenced by Monterey Bay wind and fogs. Huge diurnal swing. Long growing season -- harvest is approx. 3 weeks later than in the north coast.
12256
AVA: Gary's Vineyard
Santa Lucia Highlands; PN, Chard, Syrah; Roar, Lucia, Pisoni
12257
AVA: Pisoni Vineyard
Santa Lucia Highlands
12258
AVA: Mer Soleil
Santa Lucia Highlands
12259
What mountain range defines the Chalone AVA?
Gavilan (aka Gabilan) mountains to the east, on the edge of San Benito County
12260
Who owns Chalone?
Diageo, since 2004
12261
What does "Arroyo Seco" translate to? Where is it?
Monterey County; "Dry Creek"
12262
Where is Almaden based? What are they known for?
San Benito County; jug wine -- 13 million cases/year
12263
AVA: Vista Verde vineyard
Paicines AVA (sub of San Benito AVA); Chard, PN, Gewurz; Williams Seylem
12264
Name three vineyard sites in the Mt. Harlan AVA.
Jensen, Reed, Selleck, Villers, Mills & Ryan
12265
What is the approximate elevation of the Mt. Harlan AVA?
3300 ft.
12266
Put from north to south the AVAs of San Luis Obispo County? Where does the city of San Luis Obispo fall?
```
Paso Robles
York Mountain (off the western side of Central Paso)
-- city of SLO --
Edna Valley
Arroyo Grande Valley
```
12267
What mountain range runs down the western border of Paso Robles?
Santa Lucia Mountains
12268
Where is the Templeton Gap and what defines it?
Area of southern Paso where there is a break in the coastal ranges, creating a large diurnal shift. Only place in Paso it is possible to grow Pinot.
12269
What is the most planted grape in Paso Robles?
Cabernet Sauvignon
12270
AVA: Benito Dusi vineyard
Paso Robles; Ridge; Zin
12271
AVA: Saxum
Paso Robles
12272
AVA: James Berry vineyard
Paso Robles; Saxum; Syrah, Grenache, etc.
12273
AVA: L'Aventure
Paso Robles
12274
AVA: Justin
Paso Robles
12275
AVA: Linne Calodo
Paso Robles
12276
What are the two southern valleys of SLO county? Why are they significantly cooler than Paso Robles?
Edna Valley and Arroyo Grande; valleys run east-west instead of north-south, unprotected from the Pacific fog and breezes.
12277
AVA: Alban
Edna Valley, SLO
12278
AVA: Talley
Edna Valley, SLO
12279
Who makes "Reva Syrah"?
John Alban, Edna Valley
12280
Order from north to south: Arroyo Grande, Santa Ynez Valley, Santa Maria Valley, Edna Valley
Edna Valley
Arroyo Grande Valley
Santa Maria Valley
Santa Ynez Valley
12281
What are the two sub-AVAs of Santa Ynez Valley? What grapes are best suited to each?
Sta. Rita Hills (western Santa Ynez) -- PN & Chard
| Happy Canyon of Santa Barbara (eastern Santa Ynez) -- BDX grapes
12282
AVA: Sanford & Benedict
Sta. Rita Hills, Santa Ynez Valley; ABC; PN, Chard, Viognier, PG
12283
Who owns Sanford & Benedict vineyard as well as the Sanford Winery?
Terlato
12284
AVA: Bridlewood (who owns it?)
Santa Ynez (Gallo)
12285
AVA: Au Bon Climat
Santa Maria Valley
12286
AVA: Qupe
Santa Maria Valley
12287
Put in order from lowest to highest in average daily temperatures: Happy Canyon, Sta. Rita Hills, central Santa Ynez
Sta. Rita Hills, central Santa Ynez, Happy Canyon
12288
AVA: Ojai
Santa Maria Valley
12289
AVA: Bien Nacido vineyard
Santa Maria Valley; Chard, PN, Syrah; Qube, ABC, Ojai
12290
AVA: Le Bon Climat vineyard
Santa Maria Valley; Chard, PN, Viognier; ABC
12291
What river cuts through Santa Maria Valley?
Sisquoc river
12292
Where is Ballard Canyon?
Santa Ynez Valley
12293
AVA: Firestone Vineyard
Santa Ynez Valley
12294
Name three wineries based in Santa Ynez Valley.
Beckman, Zaca Mesa, Jonata, Stolpman, Bridlewood, Fess Parker, Hitching Post, Rusack Vineyards
12295
AVA: Seasmoke
Sta. Rita Hills
12296
AVA: Clos Pepe vineyard
Sta. Rita Hills; Melville, Brewer Clifton; PN & Chard
12297
AVA: Melville
Sta. Rita Hills
12298
AVA: Brewer Clifton
Sta. Rita Hills
12299
Which counties are the sub-AVAs of Sierra Foothills in?
California Shenandoah Valley and Fiddletown are in Amador County (south)
Fair Play and El Dorado are in El Dorado County (just north)
North Yuba is in Yuba County
12300
Name three Sierra Foothills producers.
Terre Rouge, Easton, Yorba, Favia
12301
What are the three largest producers (by volume) of wine in the world?
Gallo
Constellation
The Wine Group
12302
Who owns Franzia?
The Wine Group
12303
Who makes Two Buck Chuck? Who started the company?
Bronco; started by Fred Franzia after he sold Franzia.
12304
AVA: Woodbridge
Lodi (Mondavi)
12305
What mitigates the climate of Lodi, making it cooler than the rest of the Central Valley?
Winds from the Sacramento and San Joaquin river deltas/valleys
12306
In what counties are the sub-AVAs of Lodi?
Mokelumne River and Clements Hills (in the south) are in San Joaquin County
Cosumnes River, Alta Mesa, and Sloughhouse (to the north and west) are in Sacramento County
Borden Ranch and Jahant are in both
12307
Where is Clarksburg AVA?
NW of Lodi in the Central Valley
12308
Put from north to south: St. Helena, Yountville, Oakville, Calistoga, Rutherford
Calistoga, St. Helena, Rutherford, Oakville, Yountville
12309
What mountain AVAs of Napa are in the Mayacamas range?
Diamond Mountain District, Spring Mountain District, and Mt. Veeder
12310
What mountain AVAs of Napa are in the Vaca range?
Howell Mountain and Atlas Peak
12311
Stags Leap District is nested on the eastern side of what other AVA?
Yountville
12312
What AVAs is Pritchard Hill closest to?
Just up the mountain, in the Vaca range, from Rutherford and Oakville
12313
Why are some mountain AVAs of Napa WARMER than the valley floor?
Above the marine layer -- no fog or sea breezes to mitigate.
12314
What city is at the base of Spring Mountain?
St. Helena
12315
AVA: Cain
Spring Mountain
12316
AVA: Eisele vineyard
Napa Valley (it's just east of Calistoga); Araujo; Cab
12317
Name three producers based in Calistoga.
Chateau Montelena, Araujo, Switchback Ridge, Clos Pegase, Larkmead, Sterling
12318
Who started J. Davies? Where is fruit sourced from?
Jack & Jamie Davies (who own Schramsberg); they are based in Diamond Mountain and source their Cabernet grapes for J. Davies from there.
12319
What are the names of the four different Cabernets that Diamond Creek makes?
```
Red Rock Terrace (n. facing, iron rich)
Volcanic Hill (s. facing, white volcanic ash)
Gravelly Meadow (gravel & sand)
Lake (coolest, only made in certain years, otherwise added to Gravelly Meadow)
```
12320
Name two producers of American Gruner Veltliner.
Von Strasser (Diamond Mountain)
Syncline (Columbia Gorge)
Tatomer (Santa Barbara)
12321
Name three producers based in St. Helena.
Charles Krug, Freemark Abbey, Beringer, Spottswoode, Louis M. Martini, Heitz, Duckhorn, Ehlers, Trinchero, Corison, Joseph Phelps, Stony Hill
12322
AVA: Kronos vineyard
St. Helena; Corison; Cab
12323
AVA: Inglenook
Rutherford
12324
AVA: Beaulieu
Rutherford
12325
AVA: Caymus
Rutherford
12326
Name three estates based in Rutherford.
Inglenook (now FFC/Rubicon), Beaulieu, Caymus, Grgich Hills, Mumm, Staglin
12327
AVA: Bella Oaks
Rutherford; Heitz; Cab
12328
AVA: Trailside vineyard
Rutherford; Heitz; Cab
12329
AVA: Te Kalon vineyard
Oakville; Cab; Mondavi, Beckstoffer (pre-1993, Beaulieu)
12330
How does Oakville's climate compare to other valley floor AVAs?
More strongly influenced by fog, so acidity levels are kept higher.
12331
Name three producers based in Oakville.
Far Niente, Dalle Valle, Screaming Eagle, Rudd, Harlan, Bond, Mondavi
12332
What was the first vintage of Screaming Eagle?
1992
12333
AVA: Martha's Vineyard
Oakville; Heitz; Cab
12334
What is the flattest AVA in Napa?
Yountville (20-200 ft)
12335
AVA: Napanook vineyard
Yountville; Dominus (formerly Inglenook); Cab
12336
What AVA is sandwiched between the city of Napa and Yountville?
Oak Knoll District
12337
Name three Atlas Peak producers.
Antica, Atlas Peak Winery, Stagecoach Vineyards (Antica and Atlas Peak are owned by Antinori)
12338
What is Napa's smallest appellation?
Stags Leap District
12339
AVA: Shafer
Stags Leap District
12340
What is the coolest mountain AVA of Napa? What range is it on?
Mount Veeder; Mayacamas range
12341
Name three producers based in Pritchard Hill.
Colgin, Bryant Family, Chapellet, Ovid, Continuum
12342
What AVA grows 80% of Colorado's wine grapes? What is the state's other AVA? What are the most planted grapes?
Grand Valley; West Elks; Merlot, Cab, & Syrah
12343
What is the only AVA of Arizona, and what grapes are grown there?
Sonoita, in far southern Arizona; Cab, Merlot, & Rhone varietals
12344
What is the only AVA of Idaho?
Snake River Valley
12345
Name three AVAs of Texas.
Bell Mountain, Escondido Valley, Fredericksburg, Mesilla Valley, Texas Davis Mountain, Texas High Plains, Texas Hill Country
12346
What are the two sub-AVAs of Texas Hill Country?
Fredericksburg and Bell Mountain
12347
What is the most planted grape in Missouri?
Norton
12348
Name two AVAs of Michigan.
Fennville
Lake Michigan Shore
Leelenau Peninsula
Old Mission Peninsula
12349
What two bodies of water frame the Leelenau Peninsula?
Lake Michigan and Grand Traverse Bay
12350
What are the most planted Vinifera grapes in Michigan?
Riesling, Gewurz, Chard, PN, Cab Franc
12351
What states share the Upper Mississippi River Valley
MN, IA, WI, and IL
12352
In what state is the Shenandoah AVA?
Virginia
12353
In what state is the Monticello AVA?
Virginia
12354
Name three AVAs of Virginia
Middleburg, Virginia's Eastern Shore, Monticello, Northern Neck George Washington Birthplace, North Fork of Roanoke, Rocky Knob, Shenandoah Valley
12355
What state is Martha's Vineyard AVA in?
Massachusetts
12356
What is the longest continually operating winery in the United States? When did it start production and what AVA is it in?
Brotherhood Winery, Hudson River Region, 1839
12357
What is the Farm Winery Act?
Implemented in 1976, allowing small wineries to sell direct to consumers. Created a boom in New York State wineries.
12358
Name three hybrids developed at Cornell. What traits were these developed for?
```
To withstand cold, wet, windy climates:
Noiret
Corot Noir
Valvin Muscat
Cayuga White
Chardonel
Traminette
```
12359
How do bodies of water mitigate cool climate in NY state?
Buffer hot and cold temps and reduce the risk of winter injury as well as Spring & Fall frosts
12360
What two AVAs are separated by Peconic Bay?
North Fork of Long Island and The Hamptons, Long Island
12361
Compare the growing season of Long Island and the Finger Lakes. Which grapes does this allow Long Island to grow that Finger Lakes doesn't?
Spring arrives sooner and winter comes later in Long Island -- much longer growing season -- which works well for later ripening grapes like Cab and Merlot
12362
What are the most planted grapes of Long Island?
Merlot & Chardonnay
12363
Between vinifera, hybrids, and labrusca, which dominates in the Finger Lakes?
65% labrusca, 20% Hybrid, 15% vinifera
12364
Put from east to west: Seneca Lake, Cayuga Lake, Keuka Lake
Cayuga Lake, Seneca Lake, Keuka Lake
12365
How deep do the Finger Lakes run?
300-650 feet.
12366
How many Finger Lakes are there? Name four.
11 Finger Lakes; Seneca, Cayuga, Keuka, and Canandaigua
12367
Who planted the first vinifera grapes in the Finger Lakes and in what year?
Dr. Konstantin Frank, 1962
12368
What are the most planted hybrids in the Finger Lakes?
Cayuga and Vignoles
12369
AVA: Wiemer
Seneca Lake
12370
On what lake are Dr. Konstantin Frank and Ravines located?
Keuka Lake
12371
What is the most planted grape of the Niagara Escarpment AVA?
Vidal Blanc
12372
Name three AVAs of Pennsylvannia?
Lehigh Valley, Lancaster Valley, Central Delaware Valley, Cumberland Valley, Lake Erie
12373
What mountain range defines the wine growing regions of Oregon?
The Cascades
12374
Where was Oregon's first Pinot Noir planted?
Umpqua Valley by Richard Sommer in 1961
12375
When was the Willamette Valley's first Pinot Noir planted and by who?
David Lett (Eyrie), 1965
12376
Name three Willamette Valley producers who began production before 1975.
Eyrie, Erath, Ponzi, Sokol Blosser, Adelsheim
12377
Where does the Willakenzie soil type take its name?
Two rivers: Willamette and McKenzie
12378
AVA: Domaine Drouhin
Dundee Hills
12379
Why has Chardonnay seen less success than Pinot Noir in Oregon?
Initially, high-yielding warm-climate CA clones were used, which didn't work for OR. Pinot Gris stepped in as the state's go-to white, and offered a nice price point differential to Pinot Noir
12380
AVA: Argyle
Dundee Hills
12381
AVA: Domaine Serene
Dundee Hills
12382
What winery was started by the Evenstad family?
Domaine Serene
12383
Who was the winemaker for the first 9 vintages of Domaine Serene?
Ken Wright
12384
What is the most western sub of the Willamette Valley?
McMinnville
12385
AVA: Shea Vineyard
Yamhill-Carlton; PN; Ken Wright
12386
What is the eastern most AVA of the Willamette Valley and what is its sub AVA (on its western side)?
Chehalem Mountains with Ribbon Ridge sub
12387
AVA: Adelsheim
Chehalem Mountains
12388
AVA: Ponzi
Chehalem Mountains
12389
AVA: Beaux Freres
Ribbon Ridge
12390
What winery of the Willamette Valley is Robert Parker a co-owner of?
Beaux Freres
12391
AVA: Patty Green
Ribbon Ridge
12392
AVA: Brickhouse
Ribbon Ridge
12393
AVA: Evening Land (OR)
Eola-Amity Hills
12394
What is the southern most AVA of the Willamette Valley?
Eola-Amity Hills
12395
AVA: Seven Springs Vineyard
Eola-Amity Hills; PN; Evening Land
12396
AVA: Bethel Heights
Eola-Amity Hills
12397
AVA: Cristom
Eola-Amity Hills
12398
Compare the climate of the Willamette Valley and southern Oregon?
Southern Oregon is warmer, higher elevation, and drier
12399
What is the warmest growing region in Oregon?
Rogue Valley
12400
Put in order from north to south: Rogue Valley, Applegate Valley, Umpqua Valley
Umpqua
Rogue
Applegate (w/in the southern portion of Rogue)
12401
AVA: Foris
Rogue Valley
12402
What AVA lies in between the Rogue Valley and the Willamette Valley?
Umpqua Valley
12403
AVA: Abacela
Umpqua Valley
12404
AVA: Brandborg
Umpqua Valley
12405
Name the AVAs of Southern Oregon and their sub-AVAs.
Southern Oregon
- Umpqua Valley
- Red Hills Douglass County
- Rogue Valley
- Applegate Valley
12406
Name three "sustainable" certifications that Oregon wineries can achieve.
```
Demeter
Low Impact Viticulture and Enology (LIVE)
Oregon Certified Sustainable Wine (OCSW)
Oregon Tilth Certified Organic (OTCO)
Salmon Safe
Vinea
LEED
```
12407
For what state was Dr. Walter Clore instrumental in planting vinifera?
Washington
12408
What were the first three AVAs of Washington State?
```
Yakima Valley (1983)
Columbia Valley (1984)
Walla Walla Valley (1984)
```
12409
AVA: Upland Vineyard
Snipes Mountain, Yakima
12410
Who was the winemaker for the first wines released as Ste. Michelle Vitners?
Andre Tchelistcheff, who was hired as a winemaking consultant in the late 1960s for American Wine Growers
12411
Describe the general soil type of the Columbia Valley.
Basalt bedrock caused by volcanic activity. Top soil due to the Missoula floods -- sand, silt, granite, quartz. The post-glacial soil has the porousity of clay and the permeability of sand -- holds water and drains well.
12412
How common is dry farming in the Columbia Valley vs. the Willamette Valley?
Columbia -- nearly impossible (6-8" of rainfall per year)
| Willamette -- quite wet, very possible
12413
What are the two main viticultural problems in Columbia Valley?
Water rights/lack of water and cold winters
12414
How does the coldness of winters affect viticulture in the Columbia Valley?
Frost can affect yields and whole vines can die. Positively, WA is relatively pest-free, no mildew, phylloxera, etc.
12415
What are two steps taken by WA vitners to combat cold winters and protect vines?
Higher elevation plantings
Dual trunk training
Burying canes
12416
What is the most recently established AVA of WA state?
Ancient Lakes of Columbia Valley (2012)
12417
Order from N to S: Yakima, Lake Chelan, Wahluke Slope, Ancient Lakes of Columbia Valley, and Horse Heaven Hills.
```
Lake Chelan
Ancient Lakes of Columbia Valley
Wahluke Slope
Yakima
Horse Heaven Hills
```
12418
Order from E to W: Horse Heaven Hills, Walla Walla, Yakima, Columbia Gorge
```
Walla Walla
Horse Heaven Hills
Yakima
Columbia Gorge
(Horse Heaven Hills and Yakima overlap some)
```
12419
Where is Naches Heights?
A sub AVA of Columbia Valley just north of Yakima on the eastern foothills of the Cascades.
12420
Why is Columbia Valley relatively phylloxera-free?
Sandy soils and low winter temps
12421
What winery did Gary Figgins start, and in what AVA?
Leonetti, Walla Walla
12422
Name three brands owned by Chateau Ste Michelle?
Col Solare, Columbia Crest, Eroica, North Star, Snoqualmie
12423
What is the largest single riesling brand in the world?
Chateau Ste Michelle
12424
What region on the Winkler scale is Yakima Valley?
Region II
12425
AVA: Red Willow vineyard
Yakima
12426
AVA: Boushey vineyard
Yakima
12427
What AVA occupies a small triangle on the eastern end of Yakima?
Red Mountain
12428
What is the hottest AVA in WA state? What region is it on the Winkler Scale?
Red Mountain; Region III
12429
AVA: Ciel du Cheval
Red Mountain
12430
AVA: Kiona vineyard
Red Mountain
12431
AVA: Klipsun vineyard
Red Mountain
12432
What AVA is just south of Rattlesnake Hills? What is the only winery there?
Snipes Mountain; Upland Estates
12433
What is the largest sub-AVA of the Yakima Valley?A
Rattlesnake Hills
12434
AVA: DuBrol vineyard
Rattlesnake Hills
12435
AVA: 2 Blondes vineyard
Rattlesnake Hills
12436
AVA: Sheridan vineyard
Rattlesnake Hills
12437
How is the climate in Horse Heaven Hills different than Yakima?
Much windier! Less frost damage, lower vine vigor, small berries, small clusters, thick skins
12438
AVA: Champoux vineyard
Horse Heave Hills; BDX grapes; Quilceda Creek, Andrew Will, Powers, Woodward Canyon
12439
AVA: Columbia Crest
Based in Horse Heaven Hills, with 2300 acres here
12440
What is the largest winery in WA state?
Columbia Crest -- 1.7 million cases
12441
Where are the Saddle Mountains?
Just to the north of Wahluke Slope in the Columbia Valley
12442
What mountain range forms the eastern border of Walla Walla?
Blue mountains
12443
What is the most eastern sub of Columbia Valley?
Walla Walla
12444
Where is the town of Milton Freewater?
SE Walla Walla
12445
AVA: Seven Hills vineyard (SeVein Parcels)
Walla Walla
12446
Describe the two major soil types of Walla Walla
- Loess (windblown silt and glacial deposits)
| - Riverbed cobblestones
12447
What winery did Christophe Baron found?
Cayuse
12448
Name three proprietary names of Cayuse wines.
Bionic Frog, Flying Pig, Impulsivo, Widowmaker, God Only Knows
12449
What is VINEA?
"The Winegrowers Sustainable Trust" -- founded in Walla Walla
12450
What is the northernmost sub of Columbia Valley? What grapes are grown here?
Lake Chelan; Riesling & Pinot Noir
12451
What former GI of Ontario was deregulated in 2013?
Pelee Island
12452
What is Vin de Curé?
Vin de Curé literally translates to "Parish Priest's Wine" and is a style of dried-grape wine made in Ontario.
12453
What are the harvesting requirements for Icewine from Ontario and British Columbia?
Must be harvested while temperatures are no higher than -8 degrees Celsius (17.6 degrees Fahrenheit)
12454
What is the minimum brix for Icewine made in Ontario? What is the minimum residual sugar? Do these requirements differ at all for Icewine made in British Columbia?
32 degrees (after pressing); 125 g/L; Yes, the brix is the same, but minimum residual sugar is 100 g/L.
12455
When was prohibition in Canada and what were its lasting effects on the wine industry?
Technically, national prohibition in Canada was only from 1918-1920, though many provinces enacted bans long before and long after the national movement. There was a post-prohibition moratorium on opening any new wineries that lasted until 1974.
12456
Is cyro-extraction allowed for Icewine made in Ontario? What about chaptalization? Sussreserve? How does this differ in British Columbia?
Cryo-extractions, chaptalization, and other methods of artificial must concentration are prohibited in both Ontario and British Columbia. However, sussreserve may be added at maximum of 15% provided it has the same minimum must weight as the icewine (in Ontario, not specified for British Columbia).
12457
Name the three sub-appellations of the Niagara Escarpment from east to west.
Short Hills Bench, Twenty Mile Bench, Beamsville Bench
12458
What appellation's climate is moderated by the Bay of Quinte?
Prince Edward County
12459
Where are the unaffiliated sub-apps of the Niagara Peninsula located?
The three sub-apps of the Niagara Peninsula that are not part of one of the regional appellations lie to the north or south of the Niagara Escarpment. Lincoln Lakeshore and Creek Shores are to the north, right on Lake Ontario, and Vinemount Ridge is just south.
12460
What two natural features define the Niagara Peninsula?
Lake Ontario and the Niagara Escarpment
12461
What two natural features define the climate of Okanagan Valley?
Monashee Mountains and Lake Okanagan
12462
What style of wine is most prominent in Lake Erie North Shore?
Dry red wine from Bordeaux varietals.
12463
Compare the latitude of Ontario and British Columbia.
British Columbia is substantially further north, at the 49th parallel, while Ontario rests comfortably in the 41-44th
12464
Order from east to west the five viticultural areas of British Columbia.
Okanagan Valley, Similkameen Valley, Fraser Valley, Gulf Islands, Vancouver Island
12465
What's the Westernmost Canadian wine appellation?
Vancouver Island
12466
Name four approved varieties for VQA Ontario Ice Wine?
Vidal Blanc, Riesling, Cabernet Franc, Gewurztraminer, Chardonnay, and Cabernet Sauvignon are all allowed.
12467
Please explain how ice cider is made:
It's actually a process different from Eisbock or Icewine. Ripe apples are harvested, stored, then when the cold weather hits, the fermented juice partially frozen, pure water ice is removed, this concentrated apple juice is then fermented
12468
Please name two independent distillers of Canadian Whisky.
Glenora, Pemberton, and Forty Creek
12469
What is eau de vie d'érable?.
Eau de vie made from Maple Syrup in Canada
12470
What is the northernmost VQA in Ontario?
Prince Edward County
