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Spain Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the legal minimum alcohol for fino sherry?

A

15%

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2
Q

What river flows throw Rioja?

A

Ebro

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3
Q

Cencibel is a synonym for what grape in what regions?

A

Tempranillo in Valdepenas, La Mancha, Madrid, Aragon, Extremedura, and Murcia.

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4
Q

What is the primary grape of Valdeorras?

A

Godello

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5
Q

What is the only Spanish DO that covers a style of wine rather than a region?

A

Cava DO

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6
Q

What DO does 95% of Cava production take place in?

A

Penedes

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7
Q

What are the standardized aging requirements for Gran Reserva white & red wines?

A

Red: 5 yrs, including at least 18 months in cask. White: 4 yrs, including at least 6 months in cask.

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8
Q

What is the dominant white grape of Rioja and what is it also know as? What are the supporting white grapes? What other grapes may be used, and how much of the blend can they account for?

A

Viura (aka Macabeo); Garnacha Blanca, Malvasia Riojano, Maturana Blanca. Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc, and Verdejo may be used, but may not account for more than 49% of the blend.

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9
Q

For rosado wines in Rioja, what is the minimum amount of red grapes?

A

25%

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10
Q

For Rioja, what are the aging requirements for Crianza red and white wines?

A

Red: 2 yrs, at least one in oak. White: 2 yrs, at least 6 months in cask.

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11
Q

What are the three recommended grapes for Cava? What are the 6 allowed?

A

Xarel-lo, Parrellada, Macabeo; Chardonnay, Pinot Noir, Garnacha, Monastrell, Trepat, and Malvasia (Subirat)

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12
Q

What is Malvasia known as in Penedes?

A

Subirat

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13
Q

What are the main red and white grapes of Ribeira Sacra?

A

Red: Mencia; White: Treixadura & Godello

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14
Q

What are the five sub-regions of Ribeira Sacra?

A

Amandi, Chantada, Riberas do Mino, Quiroga-Bibei, Riberas do Sil

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15
Q

What is Tempranillo know as in Catalonia?

A

Ull de Llebre

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16
Q

What grapes thrive in Alt Penedes?

A

Parellada, Xarel-lo, Macabeo

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17
Q

What grape thrives in Medio Penedes?

A

Ull de Llebre (Tempranillo)

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18
Q

What is Malvasia de Sitges?

A

Historical style of sweet, fortified wine made in Baix Penedes.

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19
Q

What grapes thrive in Baix Penedes?

A

Garnacha & Monastrell

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20
Q

What sub-zone is home to the Raventos estate?

A

Raimat, in Costers del Segre

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21
Q

What are the sub-zones b/t Tarragona and Somotano that are encompassed by the Costers del Segre DO?

A

Pallars Jussa, Artesa de Segre, Valls du Riucorb, Segria, Garrigues, Urgell, Raimat

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22
Q

What does DO and DOCa stand for?

A

Denominacion de Origen; Denominacion de Origen Calificada

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23
Q

In what year were DO regulations approved in Spain?

A

1970

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24
Q

What were the first three regions of Spain to be regulated by Consejos Reguladores?

A

Rioja, Jerez, and Malaga

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25
Q

What winery is thought to be the birthplace of Cava?

A

San Sadurni d’Anoia

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26
Q

What DOs does the Duero River flow through, from east to west?

A

Ribera del Duero, Rueda, Toro, Tierra del Vino de Zamora, and Arribes.

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27
Q

What DO are table wines from Malaga released under?

A

Sierras de Malaga DO.

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28
Q

What island of the Canary Islands is home to 5 out of 10 of the chain’s DOs?

A

Tenerife

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29
Q

What are the most common grapes of Malaga?

A

Moscatel & PX

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30
Q

Name all nine DOs of Castilla y Leon.

A

Arlanza, Arribes, Bierzo, Cigales, Ribera del Duero, Rueda, Tierra de Leon, Tierra del Vino de Zamora, Toro

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31
Q

What are the three soil types of Jerez?

A

Albariza, Barros, and Arenas

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32
Q

What year was Ribera del Duero granted DO status?

A

1982

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33
Q

Name five synonyms for Tempranillo and what regions they come from.

A

Ule de Llebre (Catalan – “eye of the hair”), Cencibel (Madrid, Aragon, La Mancha, etc.), Tinta de Toro (Toro), Aragonez (Portugal), Tinta Roriz (Portugal), Tinta del Pais (Portugal)

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34
Q

What are the five subzones of Navarra?

A

Valdizaube, Baja Montana, Tierra Estrella, Ribera Alta, Ribera Baja

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35
Q

What are the five DO zones on the island of Tenerife?

A

Abona, Tacoronte-Acentejo, Ycoden-Daute-Isora, Valle de Guimar, Valle de la Orotara

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36
Q

What region lies to the east of Rioja & Navarra?

A

Aragon

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37
Q

What are the six DOs of Andalucia?

A

Malaga, Sierras de Malaga, Montilla-Moriles, Condado du Huelva, Jerez-Xeres-Sherry, Manzanilla Sanlucar de Barrameda

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38
Q

What are the primary white and red grapes of the Arribes DO?

A

Red – Rufete & Tempranillo, White – Malvasia, Verdejo, and Albila

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39
Q

What is the dominant grape of Tierra del Vino de Zamora DO? What are the cepage requirements?

A

Tempranillo; reds must be at least 75%

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40
Q

What are the three authorized grapes for Sherry production?

A

Palomino Fino, Moscatel, Pedro Ximenez

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41
Q

What three towns make up the “golden triangle” of Sherry production?

A

Jerez de la Frontera, Sanlucar de Barrameda, El Puerto de Santa Maria

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42
Q

What size casks must Rioja wines be aged in?

A

225 L.

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43
Q

What is a synonym for Palomino?

A

Listan.

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44
Q

May red and rosado wines be made in Rueda?

A

Yes

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45
Q

For varietal wines in Rueda, what is the minimum requirement for grape %?

A

85%

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46
Q

What are the grape requirements for wines labeled “Rueda”?

A

At least 50% Verdejo (often blended with Viura)

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47
Q

What is the primary red grape of Rueda?

A

Verdejo

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48
Q

What are the aging requirements for Ribera del Duero Crianza/Reserva/Gran Reserva

A

C - 2 years (at least 1 in cask)
R - 3 (1)
GR - 5 (2)

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49
Q

What white grape is allowed in Ribera del Deuro roses?

A

Albilo

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50
Q

Are white wines allowed in Ribera del Duero?

A

No.

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51
Q

In what year did Ribera del Duero achieve DO status?

A

1982

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52
Q

What is the only producer of Cava in SW Spain, and where specifically are they located?

A

Bodegas Inviosa; Tierra de Barros, Ribera del Guadiana, Extremedura

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53
Q

What are the grape requirements for reds from the Cigales DO?

A

Garnacha & Tinto del Pais (Tempranillo), combined min. of 85%

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54
Q

What is the primary grape of Rias Baixas? What are the secondary grapes?

A

Albarino; Treixadura & Loureira

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55
Q

What are the four DO zones of Aragon?

A

Campo de Borja, Calatayud, Carinena, Somotano

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56
Q

In Rioja, what are the aging requirements for Gran Reserva red and white wines?

A

Red – at least 2 years in oak, 3 in bottle. White – 4 years total (at least 6 months in oak)

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57
Q

What are the red grapes of Rias Baixas?

A

Recommended: Caiña Tinta, Espadeiro, Loureira Tinta, Sousón. Authorized: Mencía, Brancellao

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58
Q

What is the favored red and white grapes in the Ribeiro DO?

A

Red - Caiño. White- Treixadura

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59
Q

What river is the Ribeiro DO located along?

A

The Miño River.

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60
Q

What is Viño Tostado, and where is it made?

A

Viño Tostado is a dried grape wine made in the Ribeiro DO of Galicia.

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61
Q

What does it mean for a wine to be made in a rancio style?

A

Madeirized, exposed to direct sunlight

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62
Q

What is Galicia’s eastern most DO?

A

Valdeorras DO.

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63
Q

What is doble pasta and where is it traditionally found?

A

Doble pasta is a style of wine that is macerated with double the amount of skins & pulp; traditional style in Utiel-Requena

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64
Q

What is the most common grape of Utiel-Requena?

A

Bobal

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65
Q

What is Fondillon and where is it made?

A

Fondillon is a solera-style oxidative dessert wine (NOT fortified) made from overripe Monastrell grapes. Aged a minimum of 10 years and made in the Alicante DO.

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66
Q

What DOs are located in the autonomia of Valencia?

A

Alicante & Utiel-Requena.

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67
Q

What is the most common grape found in the Valencia DO?

A

Mersequera – neutral white grape

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68
Q

What are the most common grapes of the Balearic Islands?

A

Manto Negro & Moll (Prensal Blanc)

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69
Q

What mainland autonomia is the Balearic Island Chain closest to?

A

Catalonia

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70
Q

What are the 5 major white grapes of the Canary Islands?

A

Malvasia, Gual, Forastera Blanca, Moscatel, Listan Blanco (Palomino)

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71
Q

What are the three major red grapes of the Canary Islands?

A

Listan Negro, Negramoll (Tinta Negramole), Malvasia Rosada

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72
Q

What are the 5 island DOs of the Canary Islands?

A

La Palma, El Hiero, La Gomera, Gran Canaria, Lanzarote

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73
Q

True or False: Fino wines are fortified in Montilla-Moriles? Why or why not?

A

False; wines can naturally ferment to 15.5% alcohol in the hot climate, an ideal strength for flor to survive. Only Olorosos & PXs are fortified.

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74
Q

What autonomia is the Pla de Bages DO in?

A

Catalonia

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75
Q

What are the 5 categories of Malaga?

A 
Malaga Palcido -- max. 6 months oak aging
Malaga - 6-24 months
Malaga Noble - 2-3 years
Malaga Anejo - 3-5 years
Malaga Transanejo - min. 5 years
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76
Q

What is arrope?

A

Sweet grape must syrup, often used to restore sweetness to the fortified wines of Malaga.

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77
Q

What is soleo? Where is it used?

A

A process of drying grapes on esparto grass mats for up to 20 days prior to fermentation; in Malaga.

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78
Q

What is vimblanc?

A

A fortified style of wine produced from overripe grapes in Montsant & Tarragona.

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79
Q

What DOs does the Duero River flow through?

A

Ribera del Duero, Toro, Tierra del Vino de Zamora, Zamora & Arribes

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80
Q

What are the most common white grapes of Toro?

A

Verdejo & Malvasia

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81
Q

What are the grape requirements for reds from Toro?

A

75% Tinta de Toro

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82
Q

Can white and rosado wines be made in the Toro DO?

A

Yes.

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83
Q

What DO lies just west of Rueda?

A

Toro

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84
Q

What is the name of Vega Sicilia’s project in Toro?

A

Bodegas Pintia

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85
Q

What soil structure defines Rioja Alavesa? Alta? Baja?

A

Alavesa & Alta – calcerous clay. Baja – Alluvial soils & ferrous clay

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86
Q

What region is adjacent to the northern and eastern borders of Rioja?

A

Navarra

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87
Q

In what region of Rioja is carbonic maceration most often employed?

A

Rioja Alavesa

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88
Q

What are the names of the towns that bookend Rioja?

A

Haro to the NW and Alfaro in the SE

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89
Q

In what region of Rioja does Tempranillo ripen the earliest?

A

Rioja Alavesa

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90
Q

From north to south, what are the three sub-zones of Rioja?

A

Rioja Alavesa, Rioja Alta, Rioja Baja

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91
Q

What is “Dorado”?

A

A rarely found, dry, fortified, oxidized wine in Rueda

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92
Q

If a wine is labeled “Brut Espumoso” in Rueda, what are the grape requirements?

A

At least 85% Verdejo

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93
Q

What DO was a subzone of La Mancha DO until 2003?

A

Ribera de Jucar

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94
Q

What is the major grape of Manchuela DO?

A

Bobal

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95
Q

What is the major grape of Almansa DO?

A

Monastrell

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96
Q

What are the DOs of Castilla-La Mancha (excepting DO Pago estates)?

A

La Mancha, Mentrida, Manchuela, Almansa, Ribera de Jucar, Valdepenas, Mondejar, Ucles

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97
Q

What are the DO Pago estates of Castilla-La Mancha?

A 
DO Pago Finca Elez
DO Pago Dominio de Valdepusa
DO Pago Goijoso
DO Pago Dehesa del Carrizel
DO Pago Campo de la Guardia
DO Pago Pago Florentino
DO Pago Casa del Blanco
DO Pago Calzadilla
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98
Q

What autonomia is the Mentrida DO in?

A

Castilla-La Mancha

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99
Q

What DO Pago estate famously lies in the Mentrida DO?

A

DO Pago Dominio de Valdepusa (Marques de Grinon)

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100
Q

As of 2004, what grape had the most vineyard acreage in the world?

A

Airen

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101
Q

What are the DOs of Murcia?

A

Jumilla, Yecla, Bullas, and DO Pago Los Balagueses

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102
Q

Who makes “Unico” and what are the grapes that comprise it.

A

Vega Sicilia; Tinto del Pais, Cab & Merlot

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103
Q

What estate is Dominio Txomin associated with reviving?

A

Vega Sicilia

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104
Q

What are the two main grapes of La Mancha DO?

A

Cencibel & Airen

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105
Q

What is Tempranillo known as in La Mancha DO?

A

Cencibel

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106
Q

What are the most common grapes of Valdepenas?

A

Airen & Cencibel

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107
Q

In what autonomia is the Alella DO?

A

Catalonia

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108
Q

What are the 5 authorized grapes of Rioja? What percentage of the blend do they have to make up?

A

Tempranillo, Graciano, Mazuelo, Garnacha, Maturana Tinta – 85% (95% if destemmed)

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109
Q

What is rosado traditionally known as in Pais Vasco?

A

Ojo de Gallo

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110
Q

What are the major white & red grapes of Pais Vasco?

A

White – Ondarrabi Zuri

Red – Ondarrabi Beltza

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111
Q

What are the three DO zones of Pais Vasco?

A

Getariako Txakolina
Bixkaiko Txakolina
Arabako Txakolina

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112
Q

What is the required lees time for Cava/Reserva/Gran Reserva?

A

Cava - 9 months
Rsv. - 15 months
Gran Rsv. - 30 months

113
Q

Who is the world’s largest producer of sparkling wine?

A

Freixenet

114
Q

What was the first DOCa in Spain and when was it established?

A

Rioja; 1991

115
Q

What river was Rioja named after?

A

The Oja, a tributary of the Ebro

116
Q

What is the primary grape of Montilla-Moriles?

A

Pedro Ximenez

117
Q

Who makes L’Hermita and where from?

A

Alvaro Palacios; Priorat

118
Q

What were the first three regions in Spain to be regulated by Consejos Reguladores?

A

Sherry, Rioja, Malaga

119
Q

For Rioja, what are the aging requirements for Crianza red and white wines?

A

Red – 2 years, with at least one year in oak. White – 2 years, with at least 6 months in oak.

120
Q

What are the 5 subzones of Navarra?

A

Valdizarbe, Baja Montaña, Tierra Estrella, Ribera Alta, Ribera Baja

121
Q

What river flows through Castilla y León?

A

The Duero River

122
Q

Who introduced método tradicional sparkling wine to Spain?

A

Jose Raventós, in Penedès

123
Q

What is the mountain range that separates France & Spain?

A

The Pyrenees

124
Q

What are the two DO zones of the Balearic Islands?

A

Pla i Llevant DO & Binissalem Mallorca DO

125
Q

In Rioja, what are the aging requirements for Reserva red and white wines?

A

Red – 3 years, at least 1 in oak. White – 2 years, at least 6 months in oak.

126
Q

What Spanish DO is called “beneath the mountain”?

A

Somontano

127
Q

What are the 5 DOs of Galicia?

A

Valdeorras, Monterrei, Rias Baixas, Ribeira Sacra, Ribeiro

128
Q

What are the three recommended grapes for Cava? What are the 6 allowed?

A

Recommended: Xarel-lo, Macabeo, Parellada. Allowed: Chardonnay, Pinot Noir, Garnacha, Monastrell, Trepat, and Malvasia (Subirat)

129
Q

What river flows through Rioja?

A

The Ebro

130
Q

Where is Cencibel a synonym for Tempranillo?

A

Valdepeñas, La Mancha, Madrid, Aragón, Extremadura, and Murcia

131
Q

What is Tempranillo known as in Catalonia?

A

Ull de Llebre

132
Q

What are the 5 sub-regions of Ribeira Sacra?

A

Amandi, Chantada, Riberas do Miño, Quiroga-Bibei, Riberas do Sil

133
Q

What are the main white and red grapes of Ribeira Sacra?

A

Red- Mencía. White - Treixadura & Godello

134
Q

What is Malvasia known as in Penedes?

A

Subirat

135
Q

What is the grape that thrives in Medio Penedes?

A

Ull de Llebre

136
Q

What grape thrives in Alt Penedes?

A

Parellada

137
Q

What is Malvasia de Sitges?

A

Historical style of sweet, fortified wine made in Baix Penedes.

138
Q

What is the primary grape of Valdeorras?

A

Godello

139
Q

What is the only Spanish DO that covers a style of wine rather than a region?

A

Cava DO

140
Q

What DO does 95% of Cava production take place in?

A

Penedes

141
Q

What are the standardized aging requirements for white and red Gran Reserva in Spain?

A

Red – 5 years, including at least 18 months in cask.

White – 4 years, including at least 6 months in cask.

142
Q

What do DO and DOCa stand for?

A

Denominación de Origen; Denominación de Origen Calificada

143
Q

What are the subzones b/t Tarragona & Somotano that are encompassed by the Costers del Segre DO?

A

Pallars Jussa, Artesa de Segre, Valls do Riucorb, Segria, Garrigues, Urgell, Raimat

144
Q

What subzone is home to the Ravenos estate?

A

Raimat

145
Q

What grapes thrive in Baix Penedes?

A

Monastrell & Garnacha

146
Q

For Rosado wines in Rioja, what is the minimum amount of red grapes that has to be used?

A

25%

147
Q

What is the dominant white grape of Rioja and what is it also known as? What are the supporting white grapes?

A

Viura, aka Macabeo; Garnacha Blanca, Malvasia, Riojano, Maturana Blanca

148
Q

In what year were DO regulations approved in Spain?

A

1970

149
Q

What are the 3 autonomias of North/Central Spain?

A

Navarra, La Rioja, Aragón

150
Q

What mountain range likes to the northwest of Rioja?

A

Cantabrian Mountains

151
Q

What is the southernmost DO in Galicia?

A

Monterrei

152
Q

What is the smallest DO in Galicia?

A

Monterrei

153
Q

What autonomias of Green Spain have no DOs?

A

Asturias & Cantabria

154
Q

What are the standardized aging requirements for Reserva red & white wines in Spain?

A

Red – 3 years (at least 1 year in cask)

White – 2 years (at least 6 months in cask)

155
Q

What would the following terms mean on a bottle of Spanish wine: noble, añejo, viejo?

A

Noble – 18 months aging in a cask of < 600 L or bottle.
Anejo – 24 months aging in a cask of < 600 L or bottle.
Viejo – 36 months aging.

156
Q

What are the standardized aging requirements for red & white Crianza wines in Spain?

A

Red – 2 years, with at least 6 months in cask

White – 18 months, with at least 6 months in cask

157
Q

What is the symbol for Cava on the cork?

A

4 Pointed Star

158
Q

What do VCIG and VdlT stand for in Spain? What EU categories do these fall under.

A

VCIG - Vinos de Calidad con Indicación Geografica
VdlT – Vino de la Tierra
Both fall under EU’s IGP status

159
Q

What DO in Castilla y León is known for its rosado & nuevo (primeur) production?

A

Cigales DO

160
Q

What autonomia are Terra Alta & Conca de Barbera DOs part of?

A

Catalonia

161
Q

What autonomia of Spain was once considered the same region as Rousillon?

A

Catalonia

162
Q

What are the three altitude zones that Penedes is divided into?

A

Alt Penedes, Medio Penedes, Baix Penedes

163
Q

What is supposed to be the first vinous export to North America?

A

Sherry

164
Q

Where di the gyropalette originate?

A

Penedes

165
Q

What is the main grape of Jumilla DO?

A

Monastrell

166
Q

Europe’s largest demarcated region lies within Spain – what is it?

A

La Mancha DO

167
Q

What is the principal grape of Binissalem Mallorca DO?

A

Manto Negro

168
Q

Name the 6 DOs of Andalucia?

A

Jerez-Xérès-Sherry, Sanlucar de Barrameda,Condado do Huelva, Málaga, Sierras de Málaga, Montilla-Moriles

169
Q

What is Spain’s largest autonomia?

A

Castilla y León

170
Q

What is the main grape of Calatayud & Cariñena?

A

Garnacha

171
Q

What is the main grape of Campo de Borja?

A

Garnacha

172
Q

What river is the Bierzo DO located along?

A

The Sil River

173
Q

What 4 DOs of Castilla y Leon are not on the Duero River?

A

Arianza, Cigales, Tierra de León, Bierzo

174
Q

What are the 5 sub-regions of Rias Baixas?

A

Condado do Tea, Val de Salnés, Ribeira do Ulla, Soutomaior, O Rosal

175
Q

What are the 3 DO Pago regions of Navarra?

A 
Señorio de Arínzano (Tierra Estrella)
Prado Iraene (Tierra Estrella)
Bodegas Otazu (Valdizarbe)
176
Q

What was the second region to be promoted to DOCa status?

A

Priorat

177
Q

What were the 5 red wines that put Priorat on the map in 1989?

A 
Clos Mogador (Barbier)
Clos Dofi (Palacios)
Clos Erasmus
Clos de l'Obae
Clos Martinent
178
Q

What is llicorella?

A

Black slate & quartzite soils that characterize the best vineyards of the Priorat.

179
Q

Where does the Priorat derive its name from?

A

Priorato de Scala Dei, a Carthusian Monastery in the region

180
Q

Costers del Siurana used to be known as what?

A

Clos de l’Obae

181
Q

What are the two major red varietals of Navarra? White varietals?

A

Red - Garnacha & Tempranillo

White - Viura

182
Q

What is Tarragona Classico?

A

A fortified wine made from Garnacha and aged a minimum of 12 years in oak casks.

183
Q

What DO was Montsant a sub-zone of until 2001?

A

Tarragona DO

184
Q

What sub-region of Ribera del Guadiana does 80% of the DO’s production come from?

A

Tierra de Barros

185
Q

What are the 6 sub-regions of Ribera del Guadiana?

A 
Ribera Alta de Guadiana
Ribera Baja de Guadiana
Mantanegra
Cañamero
Montánchez
Tierra de Barros
186
Q

What is the DO of Extremedura?

A

Ribera del Guadiana

187
Q

What are the top two red and white grapes of Vinos de Madrid DO?

A

Red - Negra de Madrid (Garnacha), Tinto Fino (Tempranillo)

White - Malvar & Airén

188
Q

What is Garnacha known as in Madrid?

A

Negra de Madrid

189
Q

What are the three areas of production in the Vinos de Madrid DO?

A

San Martin de Valdeiglesias
Navalcarnero
Arganda

190
Q

In what DO must vines for red grapes be at least 6 years old before fruit can be harvested?

A

Ucles DO

191
Q

Name the 4 DOs of Aragon?

A

Calatayud DO
Campo de Borja DO
Cariñena DO
Somotano DO

192
Q

What are the 3 DO Pagos to be promoted in 2011? What was the first DO Pago?

A

2011: Calzadilla (Castilla-La Mancha)
Los Balaqueses (Utiel-Requeña)
Aylés (Cariñena)

First: Dominio de Valdepusa (Castilla-La Mancha)

193
Q

What DO in Castilla y Leon was upgraded from its VdlT status in 2007?

A

Tierra de Leon DO

194
Q

What white grapes are most prominent in Bierzo?

A

Palomino – most dominant, but lower quality

Godello & Doña Blanca – higher quality

195
Q

What are the dominant grapes of Tierra de León DO?

A

Mencia & Prieto Picudo

196
Q

What town does the DO of Ribera del Duero surround?

A

Arranda de Duero

197
Q

What estate did Don Eloy Lecanda Charles found in 1864?

A

Vega Sicilia

198
Q

What autonomia is the Empordà DO in and what is the most common style of wine there?

A

Catalonia; rosados from Cariñena

199
Q

What is the most planted grape of the Alella DO, and what is it locally known as?

A

Xarel-lo (locally known as Parisà Blanca)

200
Q

What is the synonym for the Tinta Negra grape used in the Canary Islands?

A

Negramoll

201
Q

What wines does Lopez de Heredia make from Vina Tondonia?

A

Red Reserva, White Reserva, White, Red, and Rose Gran Reserva

202
Q

What wines does Lopez de Heredia make from Vina Bosconia?

A

Red Reserva, Red Gran Reserva

203
Q

What are Vina Cubillo and Vina Gravonia?

A

Lopez de Heredia’s Crianza wines – Cubillo is red; Gravonia is white

204
Q

Who makes “Monopole”? What is it?

A

CVNE (Compania Vinicola del Norte Espana); their white Rioja – can be stainless steel or oak aged

205
Q

Who make “Corona” and what is it?

A

100% Viura dessert wine fermented in American Oak made by CVNE.

206
Q

What is the capital of Rioja Alta?

A

Haro

207
Q

Who makes Prado Enea Gran Reserva?

A

Muga, from Rioja Alta.

208
Q

Who makes Real de Asua and what is it?

A

CVNE; Reserva Rioja aged in French oak, more modern style

209
Q

Who makes Vina Ardanza?

A

La Rioja Alta

210
Q

Who makes Corullon and what is it?

A

Descendietes de J. Palacios (Alavaro Palacios and nephew Ricardo Perez); 100% Mencia from Bierzo

211
Q

What are tinajas?

A

Tinajas are large clay vats with wide bases and narrow openings traditionally used in vinifcation in Spain with the aims of reducing oxidation.

212
Q

When were the autonomías of Spain legally established?

A

1978

213
Q

What are the autonomías of Green Spain?

A

Galicia, Asturias, Pais Vasco, Cantabria

214
Q

What is Spain’s version of IGP?

A

Vino de la Tierra (VdlT)

215
Q

Under what EU quality category does Spain’s Vinos de Calidad con Indicacion Geografica (VCIG) fall?

A

DOP

216
Q

When are VCIGs eligible to apply for DO status? When are DOs eligible to apply for DOCa status?

A

5 years/10 years

217
Q

In what ways do the aging requirements for Ribera del Duero differ from the standard aging requirements across Spain?

A

No white wines made.
Rosado Crianza – 2 years total, with 6 months in oak (rather than 18 months total, with 6 months in oak)
No Rosado Reserva or Gran Reserva
Tinto Crianza – 2 years total, with 1 year in oak (rather than 2 years total, with 6 months in oak)
Tinto Gran Reserva – Min. 2 years in oak, 3 years in bottle (rather than 5 years total, with min. 18 months in cask)

218
Q

When was the DO Pago classification introduced?

A

2003

219
Q

List in order from north to south the sub zones of Rias

A 
Baixas.
Ribeira do Ulla
Val do Salnes
Soutomaior
Condado do Tea
O Rosal
220
Q

Which two sub zones of Rias Baixas lie on the Miño River?

A

Condado do Tea and O Rosal

221
Q

What are the grape variety requirements for the sub zones of Rias Baixas appending their names to the DO name?

A

Val do Salnes & Ribeira do Ulla – min. 70% Albarino
Condado do Tea – min. 70% combined Albarino & Treixadura
O Rosal – min. 70% combined Albarino & Loureira
Soutomaior – may not append its name to the DO

222
Q

How much Albarino must be in a bottle of Rias Baixas wine labeled Albarino?

A

100%

223
Q

What is the biggest adega in terms of production in Rias Baixas?

A

Martin Codax

224
Q

What are the requirements of labeling a wine “blanco barrica” in Rias Baixas?

A

Minimum 3 months in oak

225
Q

Ribeira Sacra lies at the confluence of what two rivers?

A

Sil & Miño

226
Q

Put from east to west: Ribeira Sacra, Valdeorras, Bierzo, Ribeiro

A

Bierzo, Valdeorras, Ribeira Sacra, Ribeiro

227
Q

Name the sub zones of Ribeira Sacra from north to south. What rivers do they flank?

A

Chantada, Ribeiras do Miño – on the banks of the Miño

Ribeiras do Sil, Amandi, Quiroga-Bibei – on the banks of the Sil

228
Q

What is the second most cultivated white grape in Valdeorras?

A

Doña Blanca

229
Q

What river intersects Valdeorras?

A

The Sil River

230
Q

DO: Dominio di Bibei

A

Ribeira Sacra

231
Q

DO: Dominio de Atuata

A

Ribera del Duero

232
Q

DO: Viña Mein

A

Ribeiro

233
Q

DO: Frutos Villar

A

Toro

234
Q

DO: Descendientes de J. Palacios

A

Bierzo

235
Q

DO: Rafael Palacios

A

Valdeorras

236
Q

DO: Ametzoi

A

Getariako Txakolina

237
Q

DO: Emilio Moro

A

Ribera del Duero

238
Q

DO: Paixar

A

Bierzo

239
Q

DO: Fariña

A

Ribera del Duero

240
Q

DO: Ossian

A

Rueda

241
Q

DO: Raul Perez

A

Bierzo

242
Q

DO: Pazo de Señorans

A

Rias Baixas

243
Q

As Sortes

A

Rafael Palacios, Godello, Valdeorras

244
Q

What is the hottest region in Galicia?

A

Monterrei

245
Q

What are the grape varietal requirements for white wines from the DOs of Pais Vasco?

A

Must be at least 80% Ondarrabi Zuri.

246
Q

Alenza Gran Reserva

A

Condado de Haza, Tinta del País et al, Ribera del Duero

247
Q

Villa de Corullòn

A

Descendientes de J. Palacios, Mencía, Bierzo

248
Q

PSI

A

Pingus, Tinta del País et al, Ribera del Duero

249
Q

Pesus

A

Viña Sastre, Tinta del País et al, Ribera del Duero

250
Q

Petalos

A

Descendientes de J. Palacios, Mencía, Bierzo

251
Q

What DO of Galicia is Bierzo contiguous with?

A

Valdeorras

252
Q

What are the varietal requirements for Bierzo Tinto?

A

Min. 70% Mencía

253
Q

Who makes La Faraona? From what DO and grape? How much would you expect to pay for it on a wine list?

A

La Faraona is an old-vine, single vineyard Mencía made by Descendientes de J. Palacios in Bierzo. It is pricey! Approximately $700 a wine list.

254
Q

What are the soils of Bierzo like?

A

Alluvial at lower elevations, with more slate at higher elevations.

255
Q

What style of wine is Cigales best known for?

A

Rosado

256
Q

Place from east to west: Arribes, Arlanza, Cigales, Tierra del Vino de Zamora, Toro

A

Arlanza, Cigales, Toro, Tierra del Vino de Zamora, Arribes

257
Q

What is the minimum percentage of Tinta del País in Ribera del Duero? What other grapes are authorized?

A

Min. 75% Tinta del País, with Malbec, Merlot, Cab allowed; Garnacha and Albillo Mayor allowed at a max. of 5% combined.

258
Q

What defines the soils of Ribera del Duero? Climate? Altitude?

A

Schist with a chalky topsoil; very warm, but with huge diurnal shifts; high altitude, most vineyards at 750-800m.

259
Q

What bodega was founded by Alejandro Fernandez?

A

Pesquera in Ribera del Duero

260
Q

Where are Vallodolid, Burgos, and Soria provinces?

A

Ribera del Duero

261
Q

Who owns Condado de Haza, and where is it?

A

Pesquera, their estate in Roa, in Ribera del Duero.

262
Q

What are the three wines that Vega Sicilia makes?

A

Valbuena 5’, Reserval Especial (non-vintage), Unico

263
Q

How much would you expect to pay on a restaurant wine list for PSI, Flor de Pingus, and Pingus, all from the 2010 vintage.

A

PSI – less than $100
Flor de Pingus – around $250
Pingus – over $1500

264
Q

Who can be credited with championing a dry, crisp, unoxidized style of Rueda using stainless steel and temperature control in the 1970s?

A

Marques de Riscal

265
Q

Since when has red wine been allowed under the Rueda DO?

A

Since the 2001 vintage.

266
Q

What two white grapes are allowed to be labeled varietally in Rueda DO? How much of the wines must be comprised of them? What are the cepage requirements for white wines labeled Rueda with no grape varietal?

A

Verdejo & Sauvignon Blanc; 85%; min. 50% Verdejo with Sauvignon Blanc, Viura, and Palomino Fino.

267
Q

How are the cepage requirements for Toro Tinto?

A

Min. 75% Tinta de Toro, with Garnacha authorized.

268
Q

What DO is covered by the provinces Valladolid and Zamora?

A

Toro

269
Q

What DO of Spain has a minimum and maximum alcohol, and what is it?

A

Toro; 12.5-15%

270
Q

What is the name of Vega Sicilia’s estate in Toro?

A

Bodegas Pintia

271
Q

Who owns Numanthia? Put in order from least to most expense the three wines that they make?

A

LVMH; Termes, Numanthia, Termanthia

272
Q

In what ways do the aging requirements for Ribera del Duero differ from the standard aging requirements across Spain?

A

No white wines made.
Rosado Crianza – 2 years total, with 6 months in oak (rather than 18 months total, with 6 months in oak)
No Rosado Reserva or Gran Reserva
Tinto Crianza – 2 years total, with 1 year in oak (rather than 2 years total, with 6 months in oak)
Tinto Gran Reserva – Min. 2 years in oak, 3 years in bottle (rather than 5 years total, with min. 18 months in cask)

273
Q

What are the three best vintage of the 21st century in Ribera del Duero.

A

2001, 2004, 2010.

274
Q

With what DOP is the Sil River most strongly associated?

A

Ribera Sacra.

275
Q

Name 3 DOs through which the Duero River passes.

A

Ribera del Duero, Rueda, Toro, Tierra del Vino de Zamora, and Arribes.

276
Q

What legendary estate did Don Eloy Lecanda y Chaves found? When, and where?

​

A

Vega Sicilia. Ribera del Duero. 1864. (Bordeaux varieties, Tempranillo / Tinto del Pais, and Pinot Noir – to make brandy.)

277
Q

Who is Domingo Txomin? What wine is he famous for?

A

“Unico” – he purchased the Vega Sicilia estate in the early 20thcentury and released the 1918 and 1919 Unico vintages at the Barcelona World Fair to great acclaim.

278
Q

Where are the wines of Pesquera made? What are they?

A

Ribera del Duero. Made by Alejandro Fernandez. 100% Tempranillo and a “local varietal” challenger to Unico, made of Tempranillo + BDX varieties. Became popular in the 1980s.

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