UNIT VIII CIRCULATORY SYSTEM (2ND) Flashcards
1
Q
Function of Circulatory System
A
Brings blood containing oxygen, nutrients, and hormones to cells
Transports CO2 and other wastes away from cells
Fights infection and regulates body temperature
Helps stabilize pH and ionic concentration of body fluids.
2
Q
Protective sac of connective tissue
A
Pericardium
3
Q
Filled with fluid
A
Pericardial fluid
4
Q
3 main parts of Circulatory System
A
- Heart
- Blood vessels
- Blood
5
Q
A muscular pump
Moves blood through the body
Is suspended in the pericardial sac
A
Heart
6
Q
Heart
Composed of four chambers
A
- Righ Atrium (upper chamber)
- Left atrium (upper chamber)
- Right ventricle (lower chamber)
- Left ventricle (lower chamber)
7
Q
Heart
Heart is divided into?
A
Right and left Halves
8
Q
Heart
Heart is made up of?
A
Cardiac muscle cells
9
Q
The muscle of the heart
Strong and thick
A
Myocardium
10
Q
Myocardium
Myocardium is composed of
A
Sponteneously contracting cardiac muscle fibers
11
Q
Myocardium
Myocardium can conduct?
A
Electricity like nerves
12
Q
Myocardium
It’s blood supply comes from the?
A
Coronary arteries
13
Q
Chambers of the heart
A
- Atria (2) upper chambers
- Ventricle (2) lower chambers
- Septum
14
Q
Chambers of the Heart
Thin walled
Receive blood from veins
Send blood to ventricles
A
Atria
15
Q
Chambers of the hear
Thick walled
Receive blood from atria
Pump blood out through arteries
A
Ventricles
16
Q
Chambers of the Heart
Wall that divides heart into right and left halves
A
Septum
17
Q
Cord-like tendons
Prevent inversion of valve
A
Chordae tendinea (Heart Strings)
18
Q
Chordae tendinea (Heart Strings)
Connect papillary muscles to?
A
Tricuspid and Mitral Valves
19
Q
Chordae tendinea (Heart Strings)
Small muscles that anchor the cords
A
Papillary muscles
20
Q
The Blood flow of the heart
A
- Superior Vena Cava/Inferior Vena Cava
- Right Atrium
- Tricuspid Valve
- Right Ventricle
- Pulmonic Valve
- Pulmonary Arteries
- Pulmonic Veins
- Left Atrium
- Mitral Valve
- Left Ventricle
- Aortic Valve
- Aorta
21
Q
3 Main parts of the Blood vessels
A
- Artery
- Vein
- Capillary
22
Q
Blood Vessels
Receive blood from ventricles
A
Arteries
23
Q
Blood Vessels
Take blood away from the heart
A
Arteries
24
Q
Blood Vessels
Usually carry oxygenated blood
A
Arteries
25
# **Blood Vessels**
**Thickest vessel walls**
Arteries
26
# **Blood Vessels**
**Withstand greater blood pressure**
Arteries
27
# **Blood Vessels**
**Are very elastic**
Arteries
28
# **Blood Vessels**
**Connect to Capillaries**
Arteries
29
# **Blood Vessels**
**Largest artery**
Aorta
| Arteries
30
# **Blood Vessels**
**Transport blood away from capillaries**
Veins
31
# **Blood Vessels**
**Carry blood toward heart**
Veins
32
# **Blood Vessels**
**Take blood to atria**
Veins
33
# **Blood Vessels**
**Have valves**
Veins
34
# **Blood Vessels**
**Thinner vessel walls with less smooth mucles than arteries**
Veins
35
# **Blood Vessels**
**Can stretch a great deal**
Veins
36
# **Blood Vessels**
**Usually carry deoxyhgenated blood**
Veins
37
# **Blood Vessels**
**Largest Vein**
**Vena Cava**
| Veins
38
# **Blood Vessels**
**Smallest of blood vessels**
Capillaries
39
# **Blood Vessels**
**Only one cell thick (Epithelial Cell)**
Capillaries
40
# **Blood Vessels**
**Connect arteries to vein**
Capillaries
41
# **Blood Vessels**
**Bring oxygen and nutrients to cells**
Capillaries
42
# **Blood Vessels**
**Removes CO2, urea, and other wastes from cells**
Capillaries
43
# **Blood Vessels**
**Where blood is under low pressure and moving slowly**
Capillaries
44
**How blood travels through vessels**
1. Heart
2. Artery
3. Arteriole
4. Capillary
5. Venule
6. Vein
7. Heart
45
**3 Main Types of Blood**
1. Red Blood Cell
2. White blood Cell
3. Platelet
46
**Messenger functions, including transport of hormone and signaling of tissue**
Blood
47
# **Blood**
**Part of body's self-repair**
Coagulation
48
**What regulation in blood**
1. Regulation of core body temperature
2. Regulation of body pH and ion concentrations
49
# **Blood**
**Blood supply ____ to ______**
Supply oxygen to tissues
50
# **Blood**
**Blood supply nutrients such as**
Glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids to tissue
51
# **Blood**
**including circulation of white cells, and detection of foreign material by antibodies**
Immunomological functions
52
# **Blood**
**including transport of hormone and signaling of tissue**
Messenger functions
53
# **Blood**
**What percent of your body is blood**
8%
54
# **Blood**
**How much blood do we contain**
On average 4-6 liters. We contain about a pint of blood for every 15 pounds of body weight
55
# **Blood**
**What percent of your blood is cellular**
## Footnote
**Composition of Blood**
45%
56
# **Blood**
**What percent of your blood is plasma**
## Footnote
**Composition of Blood**
55%
57
**A clear, straw colored**
Plasma
58
# **Plasma**
**what percent of plasma is water?**
90%
59
**what contains in plasma**
1. Dissolved gasses
2. Vitamins
3. Minerals
4. Salts
5. Nutrients
6. Enzymes
7. Hormones
8. Waste products
9. Plasma proteins
60
# **Plasma**
The elements of blood
1. Plasma (about 55%)
2. Platelets 0,01
3. Red blood cells (about 41%)
4. White blood cells (about 4%)
5. Lymphocyte
6. Basophil
7. Eosinophil
8. Monocyte
9. Neutrophil
61
# **Blood**
The Cellular components are
1. Red blood cells (erythrocytes)
2. White blood cells (leukocytes)
3. Platelets (thrombocytes)
62
# **Blood**
**Blood cells are formed in?**
Bone marrow
63
# **Blood**
**Red blood cell Characteristics**
1. RBC - Erythrocyte
2. Biconcave Disks
3. No nucleus
4. Contain the iron based pigment hemoglobin which binds with oxygen to transport it
5. Life span about 120 days
6. 5 billiion/1mL of blood = most numerous
7. Are very small
64
# **Blood**
**White blood cells Characteristics**
1. WBC - Leukocyte
2. No definite shape
3. Have nucleus
4. Protect body against infection
5. Life span varies (3 days-a few months)
6. 7,000/1mL of blood
7. Numbers increase if infection is present
8. Larger than RBC's
65
**Types of White Blood Cells**
1. Monocytes
2. Neutrophils
3. Lymphocytes
4. Basophils
66
# **Types of white blood cells**
**The largest **
Monocytes
67
# **Types of white blood cells**
**The most numerous**
Neutrophils
68
# **Types of white blood cells**
**Produced by the lymph tissue**
Lymphocytes
69
# **Types of white blood cells**
**Release histamines**
Basophils
70
# **Types of white blood cells**
**The role of macrophage is to**
phagocytize (engulf and then digest) cellular debris and pathogens
71
# **Types of white blood cells**
**When a cell undergoes apoptosis, programmed cell death, white blood cells called**
macrophages consume cell debris
72
**Platelet Characteristics**
1. Thrombocyte
2. RBC fragments
3. Irregularly shaped
4. No nucleus
5. 150,000-400,000/1mL
6. life spand bout 7-11 days
7. Have a sticky surface
8. Responsible for blood clotting (injury healing)
73
**Are the most numerous**
Red blood cells and platelets
74
**Of the leukocytes, ______ are the most numerous**
Neutrophils
75
**are the predominant cell types responsible for immune responses**
Lymphocytes
76
**Blood vessel injured**
Blood clotting
77
# **Blood clotting**
**clump at the site and produce a substance that produces strands of fibrin**
Platelets
78
# **Blood clotting**
**helps clog the opening or hole in the vessel**
Fibrin strands
79
**The clotting cascade**
1. Thromboplastin
2. Prothrombin
3. Thrombin
4. Fibrinogen
80
# **Filipino**
**Circulatory System**
Kaayusang pang-salibutan
81
# **Filipino**
**Blood vessel**
Daluyang-dugo
82
# **Filipino**
**Capillary**
Lamuymoy
83
# **Filipino**
**Artery**
Luwasdaluyan
84
# **Filipino**
**Vein**
Balidaluyan
85
# **Filipino**
**White blood corpuscles**
Puting litbutil-dugo
86
# **Filipino**
**Red blood corpuscles**
Pulang litbutil-dugo
87
# **Filipino**
**blood Platelets**
Muntilipay ng dugo
