UNIT I: HOMEOSTASIS AND FEEDBACK MECHANISM Flashcards
I: LIVING THINGS ARE MADE UP OF UNITS CALLED?
Cells
A. EVERY ORGANISM IS COMPOSED OF AT LEAST ONE CELL
Single-celled and many-celled
SINGLE-CELLED
Unicellular
MANY-CELLED
Multicellular
B. THERE ARE TWO BROAD CATEGORIES OF CELLS
Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic
NO ORGANIZED NUCLEUS NOR MEMBRANE BOUND ORGANELLES
Prokaryotic
HAVE AN ORGANIZED NUCLEUS AND MEMBRANE-BOUND ORGANELLES
Eukaryotic
II: LIVING THINGS REPRODUCE
Asexual and Sexual
A. ONLY ONE PARENT AND ALL OFFSPRING ARE IDENTICAL
Asexual
B. TWO CELLS FROM DIFFERENT PARENTS UNITE TO PRODUCE THE FIRST CELL OF A NEW ORGANISM
Sexual
III: LIVING THINGS GROW AND DEVELOP
Single-celled organisms and Multicellular organisms
A. SINGLE-CELLED ORGANISM, GROWTH IS MOSTLY?
Increase in size
B. MULTICELLULAR ORGANISMS GO THROUGH A PROCESS CALLED?
Development (where cells divide and differentiate into various kinds of cells)
IV: LIVING THINGS ARE BASED ON A UNIVERSAL GENETIC CODE (DNA)
A. The directions of inheritance are found in deoxyribonucleic acid or DNA.
B. The genetic code is basically the same for all organisms on Earth
V: LIVING THINGS OBTAIN AND USE MATERIALS AND ENERGY
A. Metabolism
B. Autotrophs
C. Heterotrophs
A. ORGANISM BUILDS UP OR BREAKS DOWN MATERIALS IS CALLED?
Metabolism
BUILD UP OF COMPLEX MOLECULES
Anabolism
BREAK DOWN OF COMPLEX MOLECULES
Catabolism
B. ALSO CALLED PRODUCERS AND OBTAIN THEIR ENERGY DIRECTLY FROM THE SUN THROUGH PHOTSYNTHESIS
Autotrophs
C. ALSO CALLED CONSUMERS AND RELY ON THE ENERGY STORED DURING PHOTOSYNTHESIS
Heterotrophs
4 TYPES OF HETEROTROPHS
- Herbivores (plants)
- Carnivores (animals)
- Omnivores (plants and animals)
- Decomposers (break down dead)
VI: LIVING THINGS RESPOND TO THEIR ENVIRONMENT (IRRITABILITY)
A. Organisms detect and respond to stimuli from their environment
B. A SIGNAL TO WHICH AN ORGANISM RESPONDS
Stimulus
C. EXTERNAL STIMULI INCLUDE OF WHAT?
Temperature and light
