unit k reproduction Flashcards
3 structures involved in the production of semen
- testes/epididymis
- prostate
- seminal vesicles
Which 3 glands produce semen
- Cowper’s gland
- Prostate gland
- seminal vesicles
What are the major parts of the male reproductive system
- Testes
- duct system
- Accessory glands
- Penis
What is the duct system in the male reproductive system
- Epididymis
- Vas deferens
Role of epididymus
coiled tubes in each testicle that connect to vas deferens
role of vas deferens
muscular tube outside of testicles that transports semen.
What are seminal vesicles
sac-like structures attached to vas deferens on side of bladder
role of prostate gland
produces parts of semen, surrounds ejaculatory ducts at base of urethra below bladder.
role of cowper’s gland
pea-shaped, beneath prostate, produce secretion that protects sperm.
What are the 5 steps to make a sperm cell
- cells in testes go through mitosis (identical copy)
- cell copies go through meiosis to become spermatids
- spermatids go to epididymus through involuntary contraction.
- Spermatids grow a tail, become sperm.
- Stored in epididymus until time to leave.
What happens during male orgasm
Erectile tissue fills with blood, vessels are compressed, urethra closes urine off.
How much sperm is in semen ejaculate
usually about 400 million
Parts of female reproductive system
- Vagina
- Cervix
- Uterus
- Fallopian tube
What are the fallopian tubes
Narrow tubes that serve as pathways from ovaries to uterus.
path of an egg in pregnancy
- Ovaries
- Fallopian tube (where fertilization occurs)
- Uterus
What is menstruation
The periodic shedding of the uterine lining
What is the follicular phase
- Day 1-13
- Estrogen levels rise due to FSH and LH hormone
- One follicle in ovary becomes dominant
- This follicle continues to produce estrogen and others die
What happens during ovulation phase
- Day 14
- Dominant follicle releases egg from ovary
- Egg is captured by fimbrae at end of fallopian tubs
- Egg enters fallopian tubes
- Cervical mucus builds up.
What is the luteal phase
- Day 15-28
- Once egg is released, ovarian follicle becomes corpus luteum
- CL secretes E and P hormone
- If not fertilized, egg passes through uterus.
- Lining of uterus breaks down and sheds
Role of progesterone
Prepares uterus for fertilized egg to implant.
What is the corpus luteum
hormone-secreting structure in ovary
How many eggs does a woman have
6-7 million at fetal time
1 million at birth
300 000 during puberty
300-400 during adulthood
