UNIT G Key Terms Flashcards
What do you call a vessel that takes blood away from the heart to the arterioles
Arteries
What is a characteristic of the artery vessels?
Thick/elastic/muscular walls
What do you call a microscopic vessel connecting arterioles to venules
capillaries
The exchange of substances between blood and tissue fluid occurs within which vessel’s walls?
capillaries
What do you call the vessel that takes blood to the heart from venules?
Veins
What is a major characteristic of veins?
Non-elastic walls
What vessel takes blood from arteries to capillaries?
Arterioles
What vessel takes blood from capillaries to veins?
Venules
What do you call the membranous extension of a vessel/heart wall opens and closes to ensure one-way flow?
Valves
What do you call the protective membrane that surrounds the heart?
Pericardium
What do you call the cardiac muscles in the wall of the heart?
Myocardium
What do you call one of the upper chambers of the heart which receive blood
atrium (left or right)
What do you call the cavity in an organ (such as the lower chamber of the heart), which produces and serves as a reservoir for cerebrospinal fluid?
ventricles
What do you call the valve located between the atrium and the ventricle?
Atrioventricular valve
What is the right AV valve sometimes called?
Tricuspid valve
What are the tough bands of connective tissue that attach papillary muscles to the atrioventricular valves within the heart?
Chordae tendinae
What do you call the valve resembling a half moon located between the ventricles and their attached vessels?
Semi-lunar valves
What do you call the blood vessel that takes blood away from the heart to the lungs?
Pulmonary arteries
What do you call the blood vessel that takes blood to the heart from the lungs?
Pulmonary veins
What do you call one complete cycle of systole and diastole for all heart chambers?
the cardiac cycle
What do you call the contraction period of a heart during the cardiac cycle?
systole
What do you call the relaxation period of a heart during the cardiac cycle?
diastole
What do you call the small region of neuromuscular tissue that transmits the impulses received from the SA node to the ventricular walls?
SA (sinoatrial) node
What is the “pacemaker”?
the SA node
What do you call the small region of neuromuscular tissue that transmits the impulses received from the SA node to the ventricular walls?
the AV (atrioventricular) node
What do you call the group of specialized fibres that conduct impulses from the AV node to the ventricles of the heart?
AV bundle
What do you call the specialized muscle fibres that conduct the cardiac impulse from the AV bundle into the ventricles?
Purkinje Fibres
What do you call the recording of electrical activity associated with the heartbeat?
the ECG (electrocardiogram)
What do you call the circulatory pathway that consists of the pulmonary trunk, pulmonary arteries, pulmonary veins?
the pulmonary circuit
What do you call the part of the circulatory system that serves body parts other than the gas-exchanging surfaces in the lungs?
Systematic circuit
What do you call the major systemic artery that receives blood from the left ventricles?
The aorta.
What do you call the large vein that enters the right atrium from above and carries blood from the head, thorax, and upper limbs of the heart?
Superior venae cavae.
What do you call the large vein that enters the right atrium from below and carries blood from the trunk and lower extremities?
Inferior venae cavae.
What do you call the artery that supplies blood to the wall of the heart?
Coronary arteries.
What do you call the portal system that begins in the villi of the small intestine and ends as the liver?
The hepatic portal system
What do you call the vein leading to the liver and formed by the merging blood vessels leaving the small intestine?
The hepatic portal vein.
What do you call the vein that runs between the liver and the inferior venae cavae?
the hepatic vein
What do you call the arterial blood pressure during the systolic phase of the cardiac cycle?
systolic pressure
What do you call the arterial blood pressure during the diastolic phase of the cardiac cycle?
diastolic pressure
What do you call the accumulation of blood in veins that develop when the valves of veins become weak and ineffective due to the backward pressure of blood?
varicose veins
What do you call the inflammation of a vein that can lead to blood clots? (deadly in a pulmonary vessel)
Phlebitis
