UNIT IV: CARBOHYDRATES Flashcards
One of the main types of nutrient and the most important source of energy for the body.
Cheapest source of cellular fuel in the form of ATP
Are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
Carbohydrates
What is the ratio of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in carbohydrates?
1:2:1
What is the general formula of carbohydrates?
(CH2O)n or Cn(H2O)n (but not all carbohydrates have this formula)
What does the ‘n’ represent in the carbohydrate molecular formula?
no. of atoms
The chemical formula and the name carbohydrates can be interpreted as?
hydrated carbons, or carbon surrounded by water.
The digestive system changes carbohydrates into what?
Glucose (blood sugar)
The body uses the sugar glucose for what?
Energy for cells, tissues, and organs
Chemically, carbohydrates are what derivatives of alcohols?
Aldehydes or Ketones
What alcohols are carbohydrates derivatives of?
Aldoses and Ketoses
What are examples of carbohydrates that do not have the same molecular formula?
Deoxy sugar
Amino sugars
Simplest structural unit of carbohydrates
Sacharrides
Most carbohydrates are found naturally in what form rather than simple sugars?
Bound form
The building blocks of all carbohydrates
Monosaccharides (simple sugars)
A monosaccharide can be a _____ and _______.
Polyhydroxy aldehyde (aldose) Polyhydroxy ketone (ketose)
Process in which plants produce carbohydrates using carbon dioxide, water, and solar energy.
Photosynthesis
