Unit II: Face and Neck

Question 1

How many pharyngeal arches are there?

Answer 1

6, but only 4 are visible externally

Question 2

Divisions of the first pharyngeal arch

Answer 2

1. maxillary prominence

2. mandibular prominence

Question 3

Bones of the maxillary prominence

Answer 3

Maxilla, zygomatic bone, vomer

Question 4

Bones of the mandibular prominence

Answer 4

Mandible, temporal bone

Question 5

Muscles derived from the first pharyngeal arch

Answer 5

1. muscles of mastication
2. suprahyoid muscles
3. tensor veli palatini
4. tensor tympani

Question 6

What are some muscles of mastication?

Answer 6

Masseter, temporalis, medical and later pterygoids

Question 7

What are some muscles of the suprahyoid muscles?

Answer 7

Mylohyoid, anterior belly of digastric

Question 8

Nerve of the first arch?

Answer 8

CN V

Question 9

Bones derived from the second arch

Answer 9

Lesser horn of hyoid, stapes bone, styloid process

Question 10

Muscles derived from the second arch

Answer 10

Muscles of facial expression, stapedius, suprahyoid muscles

Question 11

Nerve of the second arch

Answer 11

CN VII

Question 12

What is Bell’s palsy?

Answer 12

Facial nerve paralysis-> second arch

Question 13

Structures derived from the third arch

Answer 13

Greater horn of hyoid, stylopharyngeus muscle

Question 14

Nerve of the third arch

Answer 14

CN IX

Question 15

Cartilages derived from the fourth arch

Answer 15

All laryngeal cartilages except epiglottic

Question 16

Muscles derived from the fourth arch

Answer 16

Constrictor muscles of the pharynx, cricothyroid muscle, levator veli palatini

Question 17

Nerve of the fourth arch

Answer 17

CN X

Question 18

Derivatives of the fifth arch

Answer 18

Trick question- there are none

Question 19

Cartilages of the sixth arch

Answer 19

All laryngeal cartilages except epiglottic

Question 20

Muscles derived from the sixth arch

Answer 20

All intrinsic muscles of the larynx except cricothyroid, striated portion of the esophagus

Question 21

Nerve of the sixth arch

Answer 21

CN X

Question 22

Derivatives of the first pharyngeal pouch

Answer 22

Tympanic cavity, eardrum, pharyngotympanic tube, mastoid antrum

Question 23

Derivatives of the second pouch

Answer 23

Tonsillar fossa

Question 24

Derivatives of the third pouch

Answer 24

Dorsal: inferior parathyroid glands
Ventral: thymus

Question 25

Derivatives of the fourth pouch

Answer 25

Superior parathyroid glands

Question 26

Only the ___ pharyngeal membrane forms the tympanic membrane

Answer 26

First

Question 27

Which is the first endocrine gland to appear?

Answer 27

Thyroid

Question 28

What are thyroglossal duct cysts?

Answer 28

1. thyroglossal duct fails to obliterate

2. may be mistaken for thyroid tumors

Question 29

2 swellings of the tongue

Answer 29

1. copula (rostrally)

2. hypo pharyngeal eminence (caudally)

Question 30

Prominences of the face

Answer 30

1. frontonasal
2. maxillary prominences
3. mandibular prominences

Question 31

What is a cleft lip?

Answer 31

1. 1 in 1000 births

2. unilateral or bilateral

Question 32

What is cleft palate?

Answer 32

1. 1 in 2500 births
2. more common in girls
3. anterior= anterior to incisive foramen