Unit D - Genetics (Vocab)

Question 1

Trait

Answer 1

Different version of a characteristic

Question 2

Inherited trait

Answer 2

Trait passed down from parents to offspring

Question 3

Gene

Answer 3

Inherited bits of information determining traits

Question 4

Acquired trait

Answer 4

Traits people obtain or acquire

Question 5

Asexual reproduction

Answer 5

Reproduction with only one parent

Question 6

Sexual reproduction

Answer 6

Reproduction with two parents

Question 7

Mutation

Answer 7

A random change in DNA

Question 8

Fertilization

Answer 8

Union of the sperm and egg cells

Question 9

Zygote

Answer 9

New cell formed from fertilization

Question 10

Breeding

Answer 10

Intentional reproduction of two species

Question 11

Allele

Answer 11

A version of a gene

Question 12

Dominant

Answer 12

A trait that WILL BE EXPRESSED

Question 13

Recessive

Answer 13

A trait that won’t show unless the gene is doubled

Question 14

Homozygous

Answer 14

Two of the same alleles for a gene

Question 15

Heterozygous

Answer 15

Two different alleles for a gene

Question 16

Genotype

Answer 16

Genetic combination

Question 17

Phenotype

Answer 17

Physical characteristic

Question 18

Chromosome

Answer 18

Tightly wound strand of DNA

Question 19

DNA

Answer 19

Deoxyribonucleic Acid

Question 20

Carrier

Answer 20

Individuals who carry a recessive allele for a gene, but don’t display it

Question 21

Heredity

Answer 21

The passing of traits from parents to offspring

Question 22

Co-Dominance

Answer 22

Two genes share dominance

Question 23

Incomplete dominance

Answer 23

One gene is not completely dominant over another

Question 24

Pedigree

Answer 24

A record of descent mapping out inherited traits