Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

7 - Life Science > Unit A - Studying People Scientifically > Flashcards

Unit A - Studying People Scientifically Flashcards

1: Solving Problems: Save Fred 2: The Pellagra Story 3: Testing Medicines: A Clinical Trial 4: Testing Medicines Scientifcally 5: Can You Feel the Difference 6: Finding the Nerve 7: Studying People Qualitatively and Quantitatively 8: Data Toss 9: Sick Day 10: Evaluating Clinical Trials

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What problems do we solve everyday?

A

What to wear/eat, etc.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What can you do to solve a problem?

A
  • develop a plan
  • find a pattern
  • draw a picture or a diagram
  • act out the problem
  • make a list
  • guess and test
  • work backward
  • write an equation
  • construct a table or graph
  • simplify the problem
  • use objects to model the problem
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Do scientists in the same field frequently use the same methods?

A

YES!!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How many out of the 11 prisoners experimented on developed Pellagra from being fed poorly?

A

7/11

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is a clinical trial?

A

Products such as medicines are tested by volunteers before they are made available to the public. These tests are known as clinical trials

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Why is a placebo group included in the trial?

A

To see if the medicine actually works.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Do side effects occur from medicine?

A

YES!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does FDA stand for?

A

Food and Drug Administration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does the FDA do?

A

Approves medicine proven to be safe and effective

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What must medicines do to be approved by the FDA?

A

Must undergo and pass many scientific tests

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

New medicine is usually first tested on–

A

Animals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What must the result of a clinical trial show for a medicine to be approved?

A

It is both safe and effective for the public

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How are volunteers chosen for clinical trials?

A

Carefully; must not be allergic, cannot be taking any other medications

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What do the volunteers sign?

A

An Informed Consent form

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What does the Informed Consent form do?

A

That they have acknowledged the effects and possible outcomes and agree to test it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The volunteers are divided into how many groups?

A

Two

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

One group receives the ______________ while the other receives a __________w___

A

actual medicine; placebo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What does the placebo medicine contain?

A

An inactive ingredient like sugar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What does the placebo do?

A

Proves that the medicine is actually working

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is one explanation for why the placebo effect works?

A

People who continuously get clinical treatment are more likely to report feeling better, even if nothing is done because they will likely watch their diet and exercise more

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Does the placebo always do its job? Provide an example.

A

No, some scientists argue vitamin c helps, others say it is all a placebo

22
Q

Useful science experiments are often designed to test how many variables?

A

One

23
Q

What does the nervous system include?

A

The brain, spinal cord, and nerves

24
Q

What are nerves made out of?

A

Nerve cells/neurons

25
Q

Nerves that sense sensory information are called:

A

Sensory neurons

26
Q

Sense receptors are located where?

A

At the end of sensory neurons

27
Q

Where do you have sense receptors? Why? (taste)

A

In the mouth and tongue to sense chemical input and allow you to taste and smell

28
Q

Where do you have sense receptors? Why? (qualities)

A

In your hands to allow you to feel the qualities

29
Q

Nerves in the spinal cord and brain are called–

A

Interneurons

30
Q

What do interneurons do?

A

Analyze all the information from sensory neurons

31
Q

What do motor neurons do?

A

Send signals to your muscles that allow you to move

32
Q

What do motor neurons control?

A

Reflexes

33
Q

What does “inter” mean?

A

(in) between

34
Q

Is breathing, blinking, and swallowing food completely involuntary?

A

Yes, you don’t even think about it.

35
Q

How much does your brain weigh?

A

About three pounds

36
Q

What does your brain do?

A

• processes information from the world around you through your senses
• controls and coordinates all of your movements
• controls basic life processes such as body temperature, blood pressure,
heart rate and breathing
• stores sensory inputs for a long time as memories
• allows you to think, reason, dream, and experience emotions

37
Q

The largest wrinkled part of the brain is called the–

A

Cerebrum

38
Q

What are the two smaller parts of the brain?

A

Cerebellum and Brain Stem

39
Q

What does the cerebellum do?

A

Controls movement, posture, and balance

40
Q

What is braille?

A

A language for blind people that is just raised dots

41
Q

What is a hypothesis?

A

An explanation based on observed facts or on an idea

of how things work

42
Q

To make sure they don’t influence results, scientists studying ______ often do not predict the possible results of their experiments.

A

people

43
Q

Is a hypothesis the same as a guess?

A

No

44
Q

Scientists account for individual differences by having a large ______ ____

A

sample size

45
Q

What are some examples of qualitative data?

A

Is it comfortable? What color is it? Texture?

46
Q

What are some examples of quantitative data?

A

Weight? Height? Length?

47
Q

How do you establish a range?

A

Data is collected from many trials and the range is made

48
Q

Is herbal tea/medicine evaluated by the FDA?

A

NO!

49
Q

Is it better to take medicine (Advil/Tylenol) or herbal tea/medicine?

A

It depends on the sitution

50
Q

What US institute provides money for clinical trials/studies?

A

The NIH (National Institutes of Health)

7 - Life Science (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions