Unit C - Cell Biology and Disease (Vocab)

Question 1

Infectious

Answer 1

A disease passed from one organism to another

Question 2

Disease

Answer 2

A breakdown of structure and function in a living organism

Question 3

Carrier

Answer 3

A person can transmit the disease, but does not exhibit symptoms

Question 4

Epidemiologist

Answer 4

A scientist who traces the spread of disease through a population

Question 5

Ethics

Answer 5

A system of principles that can guide decisions and practice in terms of whether or not something is morally right or just

Question 6

Quarantine

Answer 6

A period of isolation to control the spread of a disease

Question 7

Vector

Answer 7

An organism that spreads disease causing germs

Question 8

Magnify/magnification

Answer 8

To enlarge the size of an object

Question 9

Microbe

Answer 9

A microscopic cellular organism or a virus

Question 10

Cell

Answer 10

The smallest structural unit of all living things

Question 11

Multicellular

Answer 11

An organism made up of many cells

Question 12

Cell membrane

Answer 12

The cell part that separates the cell from the external environment; lets things come in and get out of the cell

Question 13

Cytoplasm

Answer 13

The material that fills most of the inside of cells

Question 14

Nuclear membrane

Answer 14

The cell part that separates the nucleus from the rest of the cell

Question 15

Nucleus

Answer 15

Directs all cell activities

Question 16

Organelles

Answer 16

Cell structures performing a certain action

Question 17

Control

Answer 17

A standard for comparison for checking or verifying the results of an experiment

Question 18

Hypothesis

Answer 18

A possible explanation for observations, facts, or events that can be tested/experimented on later

Question 19

Respiration

Answer 19

Occurs when cells break down glucose and release energy; requires oxygen

Question 20

Mitochondria

Answer 20

The organelles that produce most of the energy the cell needs

Question 21

Cross-section

Answer 21

A type of representation that shows what a view would look like when cutting through an object

Question 22

Bacteria

Answer 22

Single-celled organisms that do not have a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles

Question 23

Protist

Answer 23

An organism made up of a single cell or many cells with a nucleus, and that is not an animal, plant, or fungus

Question 24

Virus

Answer 24

A microbe that is not made of cells and cannot grow or reproduce outside of a living host cell

Question 25

ABO blood types

Answer 25

The human blood group system based on the presence or absence of antigens on red blood cells.

Question 26

Immune system

Answer 26

A system of specialized cells that coordinate and communicate in order to inactivate foreign material.

Question 27

Red blood cell

Answer 27

Blood cell that transports oxygen (study unit C for more info)

Question 28

White blood cell

Answer 28

One cell in the immune system used for fighting infections (study unit C for more info)

Question 29

Petri dish

Answer 29

Container used for growing microbes

Question 30

Qualitative data

Answer 30

Data that is not numbers, but qualities (hence QUALITative)

Question 31

Quantitative data

Answer 31

Data that is with numbers, not qualities (hence QUANTITative)

Question 32

Antibiotic

Answer 32

Medicine used to TREAT BACTERIAL infections

Question 33

Vaccination/vaccine

Answer 33

Used to PREVENT INFECTIOUS diseases (both virus and bacteria)

Question 34

Scientific method

Answer 34

A set of processes used when conducting investigations. These generally involve making observations, collecting and analyzing data, and drawing conclusions, especially when testing scientific hypotheses

Question 35

Full course

Answer 35

Taking the complete prescription of antibiotics from a doctor

Question 36

Resistance

Answer 36

Ability of some microbes to withstand the killing action of antibiotics

Question 37

Sample size

Answer 37

The number of observations in a sample

Question 38

Infection

Answer 38

The presence of a disease caused by a pathogen, such as a bacteria or virus.

Question 39

Emerging disease

Answer 39

Infectious disease that is new, due to evolution of a disease-causing agent, or has to spread to new geographic areas.

Question 40

Epidemic

Answer 40

A widespread outbreak of a disease

Question 41

Sterile

Answer 41

Free of microbes

Question 42

Medium

Answer 42

Substance on which microbes are grown

Question 43

Agar

Answer 43

Gel-like medium

Question 44

Colony

Answer 44

Group of microbes that usually grow from a single cell

Question 45

Culture

Answer 45

Mass of microbes growing on a lab medium; to grow microbes

Question 46

Contagious

Answer 46

Infectious disease passed by physical contact from one person to another