Unit B - Body Works Flashcards
What are the dangers of DUI/DWI?
You could get into a crash/die
Impaired drivers cause about ____ of the accidents in our country
40%
Why do impaired drivers cause about 40% of accidents?
Because their reaction time is slowed down and they make poor judgments.
What are some tests to see if you are impaired?
Follow a moving pen with their eyes
Listen and follow directions while performing a simple task
People walk in a straight line and turn on our command
and stand on one leg
What is some qualitative data for being impaired?
Blurred vision
Slurred speech
Bad balance
What is some quantitative data for being impaired?
Breathalyzer test
Blood test
Urine test
What body systems are affected by alcohol?
Brain Skin Heart Stomach Small intestine Lungs
Alcohol is a ___________. This causes _________________
depressant; all the issues
Can a person die from one night of drinking?
YES!!
What is alcohol poisoning?
Alcohol causes the heart to speed up at first, a lot of alcohol all at once causes the heart to slow down. If a person drinks too much alcohol too fast, that person can pass out and even die
What causes fetal alcohol syndrome?
A mother drinking while pregnant
What does fetal alcohol syndrome cause?
Abnormal growth and development
What is the function of excretory system?
Remove liquid waste from the body
What is the rule of thumb for wild fruits etc.?
Don’t eat anything unless you know the name of it
Why are most poisons dangerous?
They can destroy the liver
How much does a liver weigh?
Over 3 pounds
After the food is broken down, your _____ carries the substances you’ve digested to the _____. The liver controls what gets ___________________. Only
then are these substances carried to the rest of your ____.
blood; liver; stored or filtered out; body
What does a toxicologist do?
Studies harmful substances
What does the liver do?
Helps digest fats and control how much cholesterol and sugar is in the body
How much and what kinds of substances go to different organs and systems.
Do you need SOME cholesterol and sugar in your body? Is too much the problem?
YES!; YES!
Is alcohol a toxin?
YES!
If scar tissue forms on the liver, what is the “disease” called?
Cirrhosis
What does hepatitis attack?
The liver
Is there a vaccine for hepatitis C?
NO!
Is there a vaccine for hepatitis A and B?
YES!
Are Ibuprofen and Acetaminophen toxins?
YES!
Do medications have side effects?
YES!
10000 of the 20000 transplants done every year in the US are–
Kidney transplants
5000 of the 20000 transplants done every year in the US are–
Liver transplants
Does the liver regenerate if part of it is destroyed/transplanted?
YES!!
Where does mechanical breakdown occur?
In the mouth with help from the teeth and tongue
Where does chemical breakdown occur?
Begins in the mouth, mainly in stomach and intestines
Why is it important to chew your food?
To prevent choking
What does the digestive system do?
Breaks food into forms your body can absorb
What does a high level of hydrochloric acid cause?
Indigestion
Burning feeling
How does your mouth contribute to mechanical breakdown?
The teeth
How does your mouth contribute to chemical breakdown?
Chemicals in saliva
What happens during the process of absorption?
Nutrients leave the digestive system and move into the blood
How long is the average small intestine?
5-6 meters long (15-18 ft)
Your liver stores __________
carbohydrates
Any material that has not been absorbed by your small intestine continues down into your ________, or colon
large intestine
The remaining unabsorbed material forms ___________ as it travels through the large intestine, a process that can take 18–24 hours.
solid waste
The solid waste is temporarily stored in the _______ and then is pushed out through the _____
rectum; anus
What does solid waste contain?
Bacteria
Substances that your body can’t digest
Remaining water
What functions do bones have?
Skull protects brain Vertebrae protects spinal cord Ribs protect heart and lungs Manufacture blood cells Maintain calcium balance
What is bone marrow used for?
RBC, WBC, Platelets are made there
What are the 5 types of bones?
Long Short Flat Irregular Sesamoid
What is an example of a long bone?
Fingers
Arms
Legs
What is an example of a short bone?
Ankles
Wrists
What is an example of a flat bone?
Ribs
Shoulder blades
What is an example of an irregular bone?
Vertebrae
Bones of the ear
What is an example of a sesamoid bone?
Some joints
Kneecap
How many bones do you have when you are born?
Over 300
What are your first bones made of?
Cartilage, a soft tissue
How many bones do adults have?
206
What does calcium do?
Makes bones hard
What is osteoporosis?
Condition where bones don’t have enough calcium
Who is most at risk of not getting enough calcium?
Little girls 9-18
How many muscles are in the human body?
Over 600
What are the 3 types of muscles?
Skeletal
Cardiac
Smooth
What are the types of joints?
Hinge Pivot Ball and socket Gliding Saddle Partially movable Immovable
Because the muscular and skeletal work so close together, they are often called–
the musculoskeletal system
Lungs are part of the ________ system
respiratory
What does the blood transport?
Oxygen
Waste
Nutrients
Each time your heart beats, what does it do?
Sends blood throughout your body
What are the trade-offs of choosing only one way—education, research, or treatment—to deal with a public health problem, such as heart disease?
It can only reach one audience
What are the 2 types of pumps?
Pressure bulb
Siphon bulb
How many times does a heart beat in the average human life?
About 3 billion times
Blood enters the heart through the _____
atria (plural of atrium)
Blood is pumped out of the heart through the _________
ventricles
What vessels does blood flow through?
blood vessels
What are capillaries?
thin blood vessels
Can you build a model of a heart?
YES!
What do stethoscopes do?
See if the heart is beating normally
Some of the blood that leaves your left ventricle travels back to your heart through arteries known as ___________
coronary arteries
If the blood supply is blocked or reduced, ____________ can be damaged and pain results
heart muscles
Heart muscle pain is also a ___________ which causes death
heart attack
What is a cause for atherosclerosis?
A high fat diet
What is coronary bypass?
Taking a vein from another part of the body and inserting it in a part where the original one is clogged; lets blood flow through a bypass
What is angioplasty?
Using a balloon to open up a vein
What are risk factors for high blood pressure?
Age, weight, race, gender, body type, substance abuse, diet,
Does smoking increase death change in a heart attack?
YES!
Can having healthy habits reduce the risk of heart disease?
YES!
