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7 - Life Science > Unit B - Body Works > Flashcards

Unit B - Body Works Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the dangers of DUI/DWI?

A

You could get into a crash/die

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2
Q

Impaired drivers cause about ____ of the accidents in our country

A

40%

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3
Q

Why do impaired drivers cause about 40% of accidents?

A

Because their reaction time is slowed down and they make poor judgments.

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4
Q

What are some tests to see if you are impaired?

A

Follow a moving pen with their eyes
Listen and follow directions while performing a simple task
People walk in a straight line and turn on our command
and stand on one leg

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5
Q

What is some qualitative data for being impaired?

A

Blurred vision
Slurred speech
Bad balance

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6
Q

What is some quantitative data for being impaired?

A

Breathalyzer test
Blood test
Urine test

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7
Q

What body systems are affected by alcohol?

A 
Brain
Skin
Heart
Stomach
Small intestine
Lungs
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8
Q

Alcohol is a ___________. This causes _________________

A

depressant; all the issues

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9
Q

Can a person die from one night of drinking?

A

YES!!

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10
Q

What is alcohol poisoning?

A

Alcohol causes the heart to speed up at first, a lot of alcohol all at once causes the heart to slow down. If a person drinks too much alcohol too fast, that person can pass out and even die

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11
Q

What causes fetal alcohol syndrome?

A

A mother drinking while pregnant

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12
Q

What does fetal alcohol syndrome cause?

A

Abnormal growth and development

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13
Q

What is the function of excretory system?

A

Remove liquid waste from the body

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14
Q

What is the rule of thumb for wild fruits etc.?

A

Don’t eat anything unless you know the name of it

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15
Q

Why are most poisons dangerous?

A

They can destroy the liver

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16
Q

How much does a liver weigh?

A

Over 3 pounds

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17
Q

After the food is broken down, your _____ carries the substances you’ve digested to the _____. The liver controls what gets ___________________. Only
then are these substances carried to the rest of your ____.

A

blood; liver; stored or filtered out; body

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18
Q

What does a toxicologist do?

A

Studies harmful substances

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19
Q

What does the liver do?

A

Helps digest fats and control how much cholesterol and sugar is in the body
How much and what kinds of substances go to different organs and systems.

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20
Q

Do you need SOME cholesterol and sugar in your body? Is too much the problem?

A

YES!; YES!

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21
Q

Is alcohol a toxin?

A

YES!

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22
Q

If scar tissue forms on the liver, what is the “disease” called?

A

Cirrhosis

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23
Q

What does hepatitis attack?

A

The liver

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24
Q

Is there a vaccine for hepatitis C?

A

NO!

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25
Q

Is there a vaccine for hepatitis A and B?

A

YES!

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26
Q

Are Ibuprofen and Acetaminophen toxins?

A

YES!

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27
Q

Do medications have side effects?

A

YES!

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28
Q

10000 of the 20000 transplants done every year in the US are–

A

Kidney transplants

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29
Q

5000 of the 20000 transplants done every year in the US are–

A

Liver transplants

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30
Q

Does the liver regenerate if part of it is destroyed/transplanted?

A

YES!!

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31
Q

Where does mechanical breakdown occur?

A

In the mouth with help from the teeth and tongue

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32
Q

Where does chemical breakdown occur?

A

Begins in the mouth, mainly in stomach and intestines

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33
Q

Why is it important to chew your food?

A

To prevent choking

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34
Q

What does the digestive system do?

A

Breaks food into forms your body can absorb

35
Q

What does a high level of hydrochloric acid cause?

A

Indigestion

Burning feeling

36
Q

How does your mouth contribute to mechanical breakdown?

A

The teeth

37
Q

How does your mouth contribute to chemical breakdown?

A

Chemicals in saliva

38
Q

What happens during the process of absorption?

A

Nutrients leave the digestive system and move into the blood

39
Q

How long is the average small intestine?

A

5-6 meters long (15-18 ft)

40
Q

Your liver stores __________

A

carbohydrates

41
Q

Any material that has not been absorbed by your small intestine continues down into your ________, or colon

A

large intestine

42
Q

The remaining unabsorbed material forms ___________ as it travels through the large intestine, a process that can take 18–24 hours.

A

solid waste

43
Q

The solid waste is temporarily stored in the _______ and then is pushed out through the _____

A

rectum; anus

44
Q

What does solid waste contain?

A

Bacteria
Substances that your body can’t digest
Remaining water

45
Q

What functions do bones have?

A 
Skull protects brain
Vertebrae protects spinal cord
Ribs protect heart and lungs
Manufacture blood cells
Maintain calcium balance
46
Q

What is bone marrow used for?

A

RBC, WBC, Platelets are made there

47
Q

What are the 5 types of bones?

A 
Long
Short
Flat
Irregular
Sesamoid
48
Q

What is an example of a long bone?

A

Fingers
Arms
Legs

49
Q

What is an example of a short bone?

A

Ankles

Wrists

50
Q

What is an example of a flat bone?

A

Ribs

Shoulder blades

51
Q

What is an example of an irregular bone?

A

Vertebrae

Bones of the ear

52
Q

What is an example of a sesamoid bone?

A

Some joints

Kneecap

53
Q

How many bones do you have when you are born?

A

Over 300

54
Q

What are your first bones made of?

A

Cartilage, a soft tissue

55
Q

How many bones do adults have?

A

206

56
Q

What does calcium do?

A

Makes bones hard

57
Q

What is osteoporosis?

A

Condition where bones don’t have enough calcium

58
Q

Who is most at risk of not getting enough calcium?

A

Little girls 9-18

59
Q

How many muscles are in the human body?

A

Over 600

60
Q

What are the 3 types of muscles?

A

Skeletal
Cardiac
Smooth

61
Q

What are the types of joints?

A 
Hinge
Pivot
Ball and socket
Gliding
Saddle
Partially movable
Immovable
62
Q

Because the muscular and skeletal work so close together, they are often called–

A

the musculoskeletal system

63
Q

Lungs are part of the ________ system

A

respiratory

64
Q

What does the blood transport?

A

Oxygen
Waste
Nutrients

65
Q

Each time your heart beats, what does it do?

A

Sends blood throughout your body

66
Q

What are the trade-offs of choosing only one way—education, research, or treatment—to deal with a public health problem, such as heart disease?

A

It can only reach one audience

67
Q

What are the 2 types of pumps?

A

Pressure bulb

Siphon bulb

68
Q

How many times does a heart beat in the average human life?

A

About 3 billion times

69
Q

Blood enters the heart through the _____

A

atria (plural of atrium)

70
Q

Blood is pumped out of the heart through the _________

A

ventricles

71
Q

What vessels does blood flow through?

A

blood vessels

72
Q

What are capillaries?

A

thin blood vessels

73
Q

Can you build a model of a heart?

A

YES!

74
Q

What do stethoscopes do?

A

See if the heart is beating normally

75
Q

Some of the blood that leaves your left ventricle travels back to your heart through arteries known as ___________

A

coronary arteries

76
Q

If the blood supply is blocked or reduced, ____________ can be damaged and pain results

A

heart muscles

77
Q

Heart muscle pain is also a ___________ which causes death

A

heart attack

78
Q

What is a cause for atherosclerosis?

A

A high fat diet

79
Q

What is coronary bypass?

A

Taking a vein from another part of the body and inserting it in a part where the original one is clogged; lets blood flow through a bypass

80
Q

What is angioplasty?

A

Using a balloon to open up a vein

81
Q

What are risk factors for high blood pressure?

A

Age, weight, race, gender, body type, substance abuse, diet,

82
Q

Does smoking increase death change in a heart attack?

A

YES!

83
Q

Can having healthy habits reduce the risk of heart disease?

A

YES!

7 - Life Science (12 decks)

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