Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

7 - Life Science > Unit C - Cell Biology and Disease > Flashcards

Unit C - Cell Biology and Disease Flashcards

1
Q

How are infectious diseases spread?

A

Person to person
Vector
Contaminated food/water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Compare and contrast infectious diseases to contagious diseases

A

A contagious disease is an infectious disease that is spread from person to person.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What could people do to prevent spreading a contagious disease

A

Wash hands frequently
Stay home when sick
Cover your mouth when you cough/sneeze
Get vaccinated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is a PSA good for?

A

Educating a wide audience of people about a topic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

If a person is a carrier, do they show symptoms? Are they infected?

A

No; Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

If a person is not infected, do they show symptoms?

A

No

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

If a person is infected, do they show symptoms?

A

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Why might carriers be more likely to spread a disease than sick people?

A

They don’t appear/feel sick, so they may not take necessary precautions (Typhoid Mary)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What did officials do to stop the bubonic plague in 1900?

A
  • Destroyed homes/sprayed with disinfectant

- Quarantined people

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What did officials do to stop the bubonic plague in 1906?

A
  • Killed rats
  • Rat-proofed buildings
  • Cleaned/took away garbage
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the vector for the BP?

A

Flea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the vector for malaria?

A

Mosquito

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How can malaria be avoided/prevented?

A
  • Avoid standing water
  • Bug spray/insect repellent
  • Insecticides
  • Long sleeves
  • Bed nets
  • Pants
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are other diseases spread by a vector?

A
  • Lyme
  • Rabies
  • Zika
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How were people with leprosy treated before? Specific examples

A
  • In the Middle Ages, people who had leprosy were considered dead. They were given a funeral service while still alive and forced to wander the streets and beg for food.
  • In the 1800s and early 1900s, they were quarantined in leper colonies.
  • In the Louisiana Leper Home, they were not allowed to make phone calls or vote.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Is leprosy hard to spread? Specific examples

A
  • 90-95% of the population is thought to be immune
  • Only 5% of family members living with someone with leprosy will catch it.
  • Requires close contact over a long period of time to spread
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

The transmission electron and scanning electron microscopes can magnify objects over _____ times!

A

40,000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

During the early 1900s, some people thought an infectious disease like the flu could be caused by
nakedness, _________ food, irritating ______ in the atmosphere, unclean clothing, open windows, closed windows, old books, dirt, dust, or _________ causes.

A

contaminated; gases; supernatural

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What does the germ theory state?

A

Germs cause infectious diseases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Why was the development of the microscope important in discovering the cause of infectious disease?

A

Microscopes enabled scientists to see the germs/microbes that cause infectious diseases.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Do bacteria have a nucleus?

A

No

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are the inputs of cellular respiration?

A
  • Oxygen

- Nutrients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What do cells obtain from respiration?

A

Energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Where does cell respiration occur?

A

Mitochondria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What waste is produced during cell respiration?

A

Carbon dioxide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What does the cell membrane do?

A

Controls what goes in and out

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Why is it important for particles to be able to pass through the cell membrane?

A

Cells must absorb oxygen and nutrients and release waste to function properly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

How many cells are in an adult?

A

Approximately 10 trillion cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Why are people made of many small cells instead of just a few large cells?

A

Small cells are more efficient = faster transport (larger SA:V)

30
Q

What are some important structures in a cell?

A
  • Cell membrane
  • Cytoplasm
  • Mitochondria
  • Nucleus
31
Q

What does the nucleus do?

A
  • Controls all cell activities

- Copies the DNA

32
Q

What does mitochondria use to produce energy? What is the process called?

A

Oxygen and nutrients; respiration

33
Q

What is cell biology?

A

Studying cells and how they work

34
Q

How are microbes organized?

A

Based on the differences in cell structure

35
Q

Identify the following:

  • Single cell, nucleus, specialized structures for movement
  • Not a cell; does not grow or reproduce independently
  • Single cell, no nucleus, can be helpful or harmful
  • Can be viewed using our classroom microscopes
  • Can cause illness
A 
Protist
Virus
Bacteria
Protist + Bacteria
All
36
Q

What causes athlete’s foot?

A

Fungi

37
Q

What are living things made of?

A
  • are made of cells
  • obtain and use energy
  • grow and develop
  • reproduce
  • respond to their environment
  • adapt to their environment
38
Q

What are the 5 basic kingdoms?

A
  • Animal
  • Plant
  • Fungi
  • Protists
  • Bacteria
39
Q

What does Eukarya mean?

A

The cell has a nucleus

40
Q

What is the 3-kingdom classification system?

A
  • Eukarya
  • Bacteria
  • Archaea
41
Q

What is the 5-kingdom classification system?

A
  • Bacteria
  • Animal
  • Protist
  • Fungi
  • Plant
42
Q

What is the 6-kingdom classification system?

A
  • Bacteria
  • Archaea
  • Protist
  • Fungi
  • Animal
  • Plant
43
Q

What are the shapes of bacteria?

A
  • Sphere
  • Rod
  • Curved rod
  • Short spirals
  • Long spirals
  • Branched chain
44
Q

Why are viruses not their own kingdom?

A

They aren’t made of cells

45
Q

What are two pros of bacteria?

A
  • Needed for food
  • Decomposition
  • Digestion
46
Q

What are two cons of bacteria?

A
  • Spoil food

- Cause diseases

47
Q

What Blood Type (BT) can type A get?

A

A or O

48
Q

What BT can type B get?

A

B or O

49
Q

What BT can type AB get?

A

All of them

50
Q

What BT can type O get?

A

O

51
Q

What BT is the universal donor?

A

O-

52
Q

What BT is the universal recipient?

A

AB+

53
Q

What body systems prevent you from receiving certain blood?

A

White blood cells

54
Q

What do WBC do?

A

Fight infections

55
Q

What do RBC do?

A

Transport oxygen

56
Q

How does your body prevent you from getting sick?

A
  • Skin
  • Nose
  • Hair
  • Saliva
  • Tears
  • Stomach acids
  • Mucus
  • Immune system
57
Q

What happens to a petri dish when you open the lid?

A

It turns not-sterile

58
Q

Why is hand-washing important?

A

It gets rid of germs, reduces chance of getting sick

59
Q

What factors affect the effectiveness of hand-washing?

A
  • Time spent washing
  • Soap
  • Warm water
60
Q

Does a vaccine prevent or treat?

A

Prevent

61
Q

Is a vaccine effective against bacteria or viruses?

A

Viruses

62
Q

Do antibiotics prevent or treat?

A

Treat

63
Q

Are antibiotics effective against bacteria or viruses?

A

Bacteria

64
Q

Why are side effects from vaccines rare?

A

The vaccine is a dead or weakened microbe or part of a microbe

65
Q

How was penicillin discovered?

A

Alexander Fleming left a petri dish of bacteria out when he went on vacation. Penicillium mold began to grow on his plate. When he returned, he found that a substance in the mold killed the bacteria around it!

66
Q

What problem did Alexander Fleming face after he discovered penicillin?

A

He couldn’t made enough

67
Q

Imagine that you infect someone else immediately after getting an infection. What type of bacteria would you most likely transmit?

A

Least resistant

68
Q

Imagine that you infect someone else 3 days after getting an infection. What type of bacteria would you most likely transmit?

A

Resistant/extremely resistant

69
Q

Why is it important to take the full course?

A

If you only take some, you won’t kill all the bacteria

70
Q

Why are antibiotics overused?

A
  • People think they treat all illnesses
  • Available in some countries OTC
  • Doctors prescribe AB for precautionary reasons
  • Used in livestock
71
Q

Should you take leftover antibiotics prescribed for someone else with an undiagnosed illness? Why?

A
  • Not prescribed for you
  • Could be viral infection
  • Won’t be full course

7 - Life Science (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions