Unit 9 - Vocab Flashcards
immunity in which the blood plasma cells in the body make antibodies as a result of previous exposure to a disease or a vaccine
active immunity
a severe and potentially life-threatening allergic reaction that may include airway obstruction and very low blood pressure
anaphylaxis
cells that process protein antigens and present them on their surface in a form that can be recognized by lymphocytes (WBCs)
antigen-presenting cells (APCs)
a programmed process of cellular self-destruction (cell suicide)
apoptosis
a condition in which the immune system attacks the body’s own tissue
autoimmune disorder
lymphocytes that mature in the bone marrow before moving out to the blood and the rest of the body; also called B cells
B lymphocytes (B cells)
immunity that arises from the activation of T lymphocytes (T cells) by antigen-presenting cells; cell-mediated immunity
cellular immunity
repeated division of a lymphocyte that produces many exact genetic copies (clones) of itself
clonal selection
proteins in the blood that work with immune system cells and antibodies to defend the body against infection
complement proteins
immunity associated with free antibodies that circulates in the blood; antibody-mediated immunity
humoral immunity
antibodies; proteins that recognize particular antigens with great specificity
immunoglobulins
proteins released by cells that have been infected with viruses; interfere with virus reproduction
interferons
chemical released by helper T cells and other cells that stimulate an immune response
interleukins
fluid in the spaces between cells
interstitial fluid
clear, transparent, sometimes faintly yellow fluid that is collected from tissues throughout the body and flows in the lymphatic vessels
lymph
small, bean-shaped structures found along the lymphatic vessels throughout the body
lymph nodes
cells that phagocytize (surround and destroy) foreign cells, such as bacteria and viruses
macrophages
family of proteins found on the surfaces of lymphocytes and other cells; help the immune system recognize foreign antigens and ignore “self” tissues
major histocompatibility complex glycoproteins (MHCs)
lymphatic tissue found in mucous membranes that line passageways open to the outside world; these include the respiratory, gastrointestinal, urinary, and reproductive tracts
mucosa-associated lymphatic tissue (MALT)
lymphocytes that play an important role in the nonspecific defense system of the body by killing virus-infected cells and cancer cells
natural killer (NK) cells
immunity that comes from antibodies received from an outside source, such as breast milk
passive immunity
disease-causing agents
pathogens
the process by which a cell engulfs and destroys foreign matter and cellular debris
phagocytosis
chemicals that tend to cause a fever by raising the set-point temperature of the neurons in the hypothalamus
pyrogens
the largest lymphatic organ in the body, located in the abdomen below the diaphragm; filters blood and activates an immune response if necessary
spleen
lymphocytes that complete their maturation in the thymus before they move out to the blood and the rest of the body; also called T cells
T lymphocytes (T cells)
