Unit 4 Vocab

Question 1

the bones of the body’s appendages; the arms and legs

Answer 1

Appendicular Skeleton

Question 2

dense, white, connective tissue that covers the articulating surfaces of bones at joints

Answer 2

Articular Cartilage

Question 3

a fracture caused when a tendon or ligament pulls away from its attachment to a bone, taking a small chip of bone with it

Answer 3

Avulsion

Question 4

central, stable portion of the skeletal system, consisting of the skull, spinal column, and thoracic cage

Answer 4

Axial Skeleton

Question 5

small capsules lined with synovial membranes and filled with synovial fluid; they cushion the structures they separate

Answer 5

Bursae

Question 6

dense, solid bone that covers the outer surfaces of all bones and is the main form of bone tissue in the long bones

Answer 6

Cortical Bone

Question 7

injury that involves displacement of a bone from its joint socket

Answer 7

Dislocation

Question 8

any break or disruption of continuity in a bone

Answer 8

Fracture

Question 9

process of red blood cell formation and development

Answer 9

Hematopoiesis

Question 10

Bands composed of collagen and elastic fibers that connect bones to other bones

Answer 10

Ligaments

Question 11

process of bone formation

Answer 11

Ossification

Question 12

degenerative disease of articular cartilage, characterized by pain, swelling, range-of-motion restriction, and stiffness

Answer 12

Osteoarthritis

Question 13

specialized bone cells that build new bone tissue

Answer 13

Osteoblasts

Question 14

Specialized bone cells that resorb bone tissue

Answer 14

Osteoclasts

Question 15

mature bone cells

Answer 15

Osteocytes

Question 16

reduced bone mass without the presence of a fracture

Answer 16

Osteopenia

Question 17

condition in which bone mineralization and strength are so abnormally low that regular, daily activities can result in painful fractures

Answer 17

Osteoporosis

Question 18

tissue band composed of collagen and elastic fibers that connects a muscle to a bone

Answer 18

Tendon

Question 19

double-layered synovial structures surrounding tendons subject to friction given their position close to bones; secrete synovial fluid to promote free motion of the tendons during joint movement

Answer 19

Tendon Sheaths

Question 20

interior, spongy bone with a porous, honeycomb structure

Answer 20

Trabecular Bone