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Psychology > Unit 9- Human Development > Flashcards

Unit 9- Human Development Flashcards

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0
Q

Prenatal period

A

Extends from conception to birth, usually encompassing nine months of pregnancy

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1
Q

Zygote

A

One cells organism formed by the Union of a sperm and an egg

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2
Q

First two weeks of the prenatal development

A

Germinal stage

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3
Q

The middle stage of prenatal development

A

Embryonic stage

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4
Q

The two months before birth

A

Fetal stage

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5
Q

In which stage does the placenta begin to form?

A

Germinal

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6
Q

Placenta

A

A structure that allows oxygen and nutrients to pass into the fetus from the mothers bloodstream and bodily wasted to pass out to the mother

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7
Q

What happens in the germinal stage

A

Rapid cell division

Cell mass implants on the uterine wall

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8
Q

In which stage do vital organs and bodily systems begin to form

A

Embryonic

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9
Q

In which stage do most miscarriages occur

A

Embryonic

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10
Q

In which stage do muscles and bones begin to form?

A

Fetal

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11
Q

Why is fat presented in the fetal stage?

A

To provide insulation

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12
Q

In which stage do the respiratory and digestive systems mature

A

Fetal

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13
Q

The age at which I baby can survive in the event of a premature birth

A

Age of viability

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14
Q

What weeks are the age of viability

A

22 to 26

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15
Q

What disorders has been linked to prenatal malnutrition

A

Schizophrenia and other psych disorders

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16
Q

What is associated with heart disease, diabetes, and obesity in adulthood

A

Low birth weight

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17
Q

A collection of congenital problems associated with excessive alcohol during pregnancy

A

Fetal alcohol syndrome

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18
Q

When a baby is born with a small head

A

Microcephaly

19
Q

Typical FAS problems

A

Small head, heart defects, irritability, hyperactivity, and delayed ménage and motor development

20
Q

Most common cause of mental retardation

A

Fetal alcohol syndrome

21
Q

Which experiment provides the best evidence for FAS

A

Ann strissguth in Seattle

22
Q

Illnesses that are fatal to a fetus

A

Measles
Rubella
Syphilis
Chicken pox

23
Q

Percent of women with HIV that passed it to their child

A

20-30

24
Q

What reduced the passage of HIV

A

Antiretroviral drugs

25
Q

Refers to the progression of muscular coordination required for physical activities

A

Motor development

26
Q

The head to foot direction of motor development

A

Cephalocaudal trend

27
Q

The center outward direction of motor development

A

Proximo distal trend

28
Q

Who discovered that lengthy periods of no growth were punctuated by sudden bursts of growth

A

Lampl veldhuis Johnson

29
Q

Development that reflects the gradual unfolding of ones genetic blueprint

A

Maturation

30
Q

Indicate the typical age at which individuals display various behaviors and abilities

A

Developmental Norms

31
Q

Refers to characteristic mood? Activity level, and emotional reactivity

A

Temperament

32
Q

When investigators observe one group of participants repeatedly over a period of time

A

Longitudinal design

33
Q

When investigators compare groups of participants of differing age at a single point in time

A

Cross sectional

34
Q

Occur when differences between age groups are due to the groups growing up in different time periods

A

Cohert effects

35
Q

Who discovered that there were three basic styles of temperament

A

Thomas and chess

36
Q

Direct observation temperament study

A

Jerome kagan

37
Q

At what age to children become noticeably attached to their mothers

A

6-8 months

38
Q

Emotional distress seen in many infants when they are separated from people with whole they have formed and attachment

A

Separation anxiety

39
Q

Emotional attachment study with monkeys

A

Harry Harlow

40
Q

Believed there were biological basis for attach many

A

John bowlby

41
Q

Attachment: secure base, comfortable when mother is present, upset when she leaves, and is calmed when returned

A

Secure attachment

42
Q

Anxious when mothers are near and protest when she leaves but not comforted when she returns

A

Anxious ambivalent attachment

43
Q

Not distressed when mother leaves and seek little contact

A

Avoidant attachment

44
Q

Children appear confused about whether they should approach or avoid mothers and are especially insecure

A

Disorganized disoriented attachment

45
Q

Discovered the different levels of attachment

A

Mary Saltar ainsworth

46
Q

When does separation anxiety peak in children

A

14-18 months

Psychology (10 decks)

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