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Psychology > Unit 8- Motivation And Emotion > Flashcards

Unit 8- Motivation And Emotion Flashcards

0
Q

Drive

A

an internal state of tension that motivates and organism to engage in activities that should reduce this tension

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1
Q

Motives

A

Needa wants interests and desires that propel people in certain directions

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2
Q

Drive reduction

A

Returning to homeostasis

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3
Q

Incentive

A

External goal that has the capacity to motivate behavior

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4
Q

Where does the motivation lie with drive theories

A

Within (push)

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5
Q

Where does motivation lie in incentive theories?

A

External (pull)

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6
Q

Evolution theories

A

Natural selection based behavior

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7
Q

Affiliation motive

A

Need for belongingness

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8
Q

What part of the brain regulates biological needs

A

Hypothalamus

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9
Q

What recognizes fullness

A

Paraventricular nucleus

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10
Q

What recognizes hunger

A

Arcuate nucleus

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11
Q

Leptin

A

Obesity hormone

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12
Q

Ghrelin

A

Stomach contractions

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13
Q

Insulin

A

Comes from pancreas and extracts sugar from blood

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14
Q

Desire to perform a behavior for its own sake

A

Intrinsic

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15
Q

Desire to perform a behavior because of reward

A

Extrinsic

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16
Q

Need for belongingness

A

Affiliation motive

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17
Q

What factors maximize reproductive success

A

Achievement, affiliation, dominance, aggression, sex drives

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18
Q

Arousal theory

A

People experience both high and low levels of arousal being unpleasant

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19
Q

Body needs

A

Biological motives

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20
Q

Achievement needs

A

Social motives

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21
Q

Who discovered relationship between stomach contraction/hunger desire

A

Walter cannon

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22
Q

Brains hunger on and off

A

Lateral hypothalamus and ventral hypothalamus

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23
Q

Glucostatic theory

A

Fluctuations in blood glucose level are monitored in brain and influence hunger

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24
Q

Cells in stomach walls that signal stretching

A

Vagus nerve

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25
Q

Food cues

A

Platability
Quantity available
Variety
Presence of others

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26
Q

Being overweight

A

Obesity

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27
Q

Body mass index

28
Q

Some people do inherit genetic vulnerability to obesity

A

Genetic predisposition

29
Q

Indicates socially approve food intake

A

Normative cues

30
Q

Characteristics of food itself

A

Sensory cues

31
Q

Natural point of stability in body weight

32
Q

Weight tends to drive around level at which the constellation of factors that determine food consumption and energy expenditure achieve an equilibrium

A

Settling point theory

33
Q

Sexual response creators

A

Master and Johnson

34
Q

How many stages is the sexual response cycle

35
Q

Physical arousal rises rapidly in response to stimuli

A

Excitement phase

36
Q

Engorgement of blood vessels

A

Vasocongestion

37
Q

Physical arousal continues to build at a much slower pace

38
Q

What happens to women in the plateau phase

A

Vaginal entrance tightens

39
Q

What happens to men in the plateau phase

40
Q

When is the foreplay stage

41
Q

When secual arousal reaches its peak

42
Q

When does BP and Hr peak

43
Q

Physical arousal returns to normal

A

Resolution

44
Q

What happens to men during the resolution

A

Refractory

45
Q

What each sex had to invest to produce and nurture offspring

A

Parental investment

46
Q

What do mean emphasize

A

Physical attraction and youthfulness

47
Q

What do women emphasize

A

Intelligence, ambition, income, social status

48
Q

What did Freud believe in terms of homosexuality

A

Gay wen raised by detached father and overprotective mother

49
Q

The need to master difficult challenges, to outperform others

A

Achievement motive

50
Q

Projective test where you respond to vague stimuli

A

Thematic apperception test

51
Q

What Is emotion

A

Conscious experience
Bodily arousal
Characteristic overt expressions

52
Q

Efforts to predict emotional responses to future events

A

Affective forecasting

53
Q

Cognitive component

A

Highly personal, verbal

54
Q

Increase in electrical conductivity of skin when swearing increases

A

Galvanic skin response

55
Q

Conditioned fears

56
Q

Pleasure emotions

A

Mesolimbic dopamine pathway

57
Q

What does emotion depend on?

A

Activity in a network of interacting brain centers

58
Q

Specific facial expressions trigger the experience of specific emotions

A

Facial-feedback hypothesis

59
Q

Different emotions are accompanied by somewhat different patterns of autonomic activation

A

Autonomic specificity

60
Q

James and Lange theory of emotion

A

Conscious experience of human emotion results from ones perception of autonomic arousal

61
Q

Cannon and vard theory of emotion

A

Emotion occurs when the thalamus sends signals simultaneously to the cortex and to the autonomic nervous system

62
Q

Schachters two factor theory

A

Emotion is experience by autonomic arousal and cognitive interpretation of that arousal

63
Q

Darwins evolutionary theory on emotion

A

Emotions developed because of adaptive value

64
Q

Individuals personal perceptions of their overall happiness and life satisfaction

A

Subjective well-being

65
Q

Strong happy factors

A

Love, work, genes

66
Q

Moderate happy factors

A

Health social activity religion

67
Q

Not happy factors

A

Money age parenthood intelligence

Psychology (10 decks)

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