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Psychology > Unit 3- > Flashcards

Unit 3- Flashcards

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0
Q

Perception

A

Selection, organization, and interpretation of sensory input

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1
Q

Sensation

A

Stimulation of sense organs

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2
Q

Threshold

A

dividing point between energy levels that do and do not have a detectable effect

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3
Q

Absolute threshold

A

a specific type of sensory input is the minimum stimulus intensity that an orgasm can detect

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4
Q

Dr. p

A

Visual a Agnosia: inability to recognize objects through sight

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5
Q

Psychophysics

A

How physical stimuli are translated into psychological experience

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6
Q

Just noticeable difference

A

Minimum stimulus intensity a sense can detect 50% of the time

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7
Q

Signal detection theory

A

Proposed that the detection of stimuli involves decision processes as well as sensory processes, which are both influenced by a variety of factors besides stimulus intensity

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8
Q

Webers/fechners law

A

The “jnd” of the stimulus is proportional to the magnitude of the stimuli

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9
Q

Detect ability

A

Replaced threshold (hit, miss, false alarm, correct rejection)

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10
Q

Subliminal perception

A

Registration of sensory input without conscious awareness

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11
Q

Who made the popcorn add

A

James vicary

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12
Q

Sexual ads

A

Wilson Brian key

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13
Q

Sensory adaptation

A

Decline of sensitivity due to prolonged stimulation

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14
Q

2 purposes of the eye

A

House retina

Channel light toward retina

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15
Q

Where does light enter

A

Cornea

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16
Q

What is considered the window of the eye

A

Cornea

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17
Q

What is the lens

A

Transparent eye structure that focuses light rays falling on the retina

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18
Q

What is the retina

A

Neural tissue lining inside of the back surface of the eye

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19
Q

Optic disk

A

A hole in the retina where the i tic nerve fibers exist in the eye

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20
Q

Cones

A

Daylight and color

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21
Q

Fovea

A

Tiny spot in center of retina with the most cones

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22
Q

Rods

A

Night vision and peripheral vision

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23
Q

Dark adaptation

A

The process in which the eyes become more sensitive to light in low illumination
Light to dark

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24
Q

Passage of light

A 
Retina 
Rods/cones
Ganglion cell 
Bipolar cell
Optic nerve
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25
Q

Light adaptation

A

The eyes become less sensitive to light in high illumination

Dark to light

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26
Q

Receptive field of a visual cell

A

Retinal area that, when stimulated, affects the firing of that cell

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27
Q

Lateral antagonism

A

When neural activity in a cell opposes activity in surrounding cells

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28
Q

Reversible figure

A

Drawing that can shift between 2 interp

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29
Q

Inattentional blindness

A

Failure to see event or object BC attention is focused elsewhere

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30
Q

Trichomatic theory of color vision

A

The human eye has three receptors with differing sensitivities to different light wave lengths

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31
Q

Opponent process of theory

A

Color perception depends on receptors that make antagonistic responses to three pairs of colors

32
Q

Phi phenomenon

A

Illusion of movement created by presenting visual stimuli in rapid succession

33
Q

Gestalt psychology

A

The whole can be greater than the sum of its parts

34
Q

Feature analysis

A

Detecting specific elements in visual input and making it a more complex form

35
Q

Amplitude

A

Loudness

36
Q

Frequency

A

Pitch

37
Q

Purity

A

Timbre

38
Q

Wavelengths

A

Hz

39
Q

Decibels

A

Measure amplitude

40
Q

Timbre

A

Difference in percieved sound

41
Q

Pinna

A

Sound collecting cone

42
Q

Eardrum

A

Tense membranes that vibrates in response to sound waves funneled by the piña to the audits

43
Q

Ossicles

A

Hammer anvil and syrup

44
Q

Where do the ossicles translate vibrations

A

To the eardrum

45
Q

Cochlea

A

Fluid filled, Coles tunnel with receptors

46
Q

Oval window

A

Where sound enters the cochlea, due to vibrations of the ossicles

47
Q

Basilar membrane

A

Division of the cochlea into upper and lower chambers

48
Q

Hair cells

A

Auditory receptors in the BM

49
Q

Vestibular system is where and what does it involve

A

Inner ear and equilibrium

50
Q

Place theory

A

Perception of pitch corresponds to the vibration of different portions or places along the BM.

51
Q

Frequency theory

A

Perception of pitch corresponds to the rate at which the whole BM operates

52
Q

Gustatory

A

Taste

53
Q

Olfactory

A

Smell

54
Q

How many tastes are there,

A 
4
Bitter
Salty
Sweet 
Sour
55
Q

Taste receptors

A

Cluster of taste buds

56
Q

How long do taste buds live?

A

10 days

57
Q

Non tasters

A

1/4 taste buds

25%

58
Q

Medium tasters

A

Between extremes

50%

59
Q

Super tasters

A

Special taste receptors

25%

60
Q

Perception of flavor

A

Combination of taste smell and sensation of food

61
Q

Olfactory cilia

A

Small receptors

62
Q

How long do olfactory cilia live

A

30/60 days

63
Q

Olfactory bulb

A

Location where cilia and axons synapses then route to the olfactory cortex

64
Q

What’s different about the olfactory system

A

Doesn’t pass through thalamus

65
Q

touch

A

Somatosensory

66
Q

Tactile stimulation

A

Feeling pressure

67
Q

2 pathways

A

Fast path

Slow path

68
Q

Fast path

A

A delta

Immediate Pain

69
Q

Slow path

A

C delta

Stinging second pain

70
Q

Gate control theory

A

Incoming pain must pass through gate in the spinal cord, that can be closed

71
Q

Endorphins

A

Body’s natural painkiller

72
Q

Perisqueductal gray

A

descending neural pathway that mediates suppression of pain

73
Q

Perceptual constancy

A

Tendency to experience a stable perception in the face of continually changing sensory input

74
Q

Visual allusion

A

An apparently inexplicable discrepancy between the appearance of the visual stimulus and its physical reality

75
Q

Impossible figures

A

Objects that can be represented in 2d pictures but not 3d

76
Q

Perceptual hypothesis

A

An inference about which distal stimuli could be responsible for the proximal stimuli sensed

77
Q

Depth perception

A

Interpretation of visual cues that indicate how near or far away objects are

78
Q

Binocular cues

A

Clues about distance based on the differing views of the two eyes

Psychology (10 decks)

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