Unit 1- the Evolution Of Psychology Flashcards
Logos means
To study
Psych means
The soul
Who was the father of psychology
Willian Wundt
Who created the first American psychology lab?
G. Stanley Hall
Who was the APA president?
Margaret whiton calkins
First female with a phD in psychology
Margaret Floyd Washburn
Structuralism
Breaking down mental processes to the smallest component with introspection
Introspection
Self report
Functionalism
Consciousness
Describes the purpose
Who was a famous functionalist
William James
What was functionalism influenced by
Natural selection
Gestalt psychology
The whole is greater than the sum of the parts
Sigmund freuds concept
People are not in control of their own minds
Who believed that people’s actions came from how they coped with their sexual urges
Segmund freud
Behaviorists
John b Watson
Sigmund Freud
Who believed that organisms tend to repeat actions that give them a positive feeling
BF skinner
Humanism
Emphasizes quality of human potential
Humanists
Abraham Maslow
Carl Rogers
Applied psych
Deals with problems
What war lead to the increase of psychologists
Ww2
Between subjects design
2 groups. Control and experimental
Within subjects design
One group.
Naturalistic observation
Non interactive observation
Case study
In depth investigation into an individual subject
Pros of naturalistic
Less artificial
Cons
Reactivity issues
Doesn’t translate to numbers
Pros of case study
Suits studying phenomena
Cons of case study
Highly subjective
Doesn’t represent general population
Pros of surveys
Easy
Large scale
Cons of surveys
Depends on self report
What percentage does psych make up doctorate degrees
10
How many research areas
9
Developmental psych
Looks at human development
Primarily child development
Social psych
Interpersonal behavior
Educational psych
How people learn
Health psych
How psych favors relate to maintenance of physical health
Physiological psych
Genetic factors
Experimental psych
Traditional core topics
Cognitive psych
Focuses on higher mental process.
Psychometrics
Concerned with measurement of behavior and capacities. Through tests
Personality
Interested in understanding and describing individuals consistency I’m behavior
7 themes of psych
Empirical ism- knowing should be acquired through observing
Theoretically diverse
Evolves in a sociohistorical context
Behavior is determined by multiple courses
Culture shales behavior
Heredity and environment influence behavior
People’s experience of the world is highly subjective
Social desirability bias
Giving socially accepted answers
Halo
Overall evaluation spills into ratings
Variability
How much the scores in a data set vary
Standard deviation
Index of the amount of variability in a set of data
Correlation coefficient
Number index of the degree of relationship between two variables
Animal research questions
Must be clear purpose Answer important question Best suited animals Cared for Acquired legally Employ least amount of suffering
Human research questions
No forcing to volunteer Informed consent Anonymity or confidentiality Risk Debriefing
