unit 9

Question 1

uterus

Answer 1

hollow muscular organ that protects and nurtures the developing fetus

Question 2

cervix

Answer 2

opening in uterus which dips approximately .5 inches into the vagina

Question 3

ovary

Answer 3

eggs which are not fully mature, every month usually one egg matures and will ovulate egg into fallopian tube)
-two solid egg-shaped structures
-attached to uterus by ligaments
Two main functions
-produces female sex hormones: estrogen and progesterone

Question 4

fallopian tube

Answer 4

two tubes attached to each side of the uterus and carries the egg cells towards the uterus and the male gamete cells towards the egg cells, fertilization occurs in the upper third of the oviduct/fallopian tube

Question 5

vagina

Answer 5

canal through which penis delivers sperm and developed fetus passes into the outside world (muscles folded together
fallopian tube-a pair of tubes along which eggs travel from the ovaries to the uterus)

Question 6

cowper’s gland

Answer 6

produces a mucus-like fluid that neutralizes any residual acidity (from urine) in the urethra

Question 7

Epididymis

Answer 7

long, coiled tube that holds sperm and transports it form the testes to the vas deferens

Question 8

penis

Answer 8

reproductive and excretory organ; semen is ejaculated out of the body and urine is released

Question 9

prostate

Answer 9

secrets prostate fluid, one of the components of semen, which contains various enzymes, including zinc and citric acid

Question 10

External fertilization cons

Answer 10

• less controlled, more likely to fail
• egg and sperm meet outside of female body (spawning, when female fish release eggs, and male fish will release sperm (will likely fail)
• more energy to produce eggs/gametes
• low survival rate
• environmental cues and body chemicals such as pheromones ensure sperm and eggs released at the same time and in close proximity
• massive zygote
• eggs lack of covering

Question 11

external fertilization pros

Answer 11

no “parental” care

Question 12

internal fertilization pros

Answer 12

”safer”, more likely to work, controlled situation

small number of eggs but high survival rate

Question 13

internal fertilization cons

Answer 13

requires lots of energy to produce gametes so only make a few (female) gametes

• also requires a lot of energy to house offspring
• sometimes parental care
• fewer zygotes