Unit 9

Question 1

order of baby development

Answer 1

zygote, embryo, fetus

Question 2

teratogens

Answer 2

agents, chemicals, viruses, that can harm the fetus

Question 3

fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)

Answer 3

babies getting fucked up by alcohol

Question 4

habituation

Answer 4

decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation.

Question 5

maturation

Answer 5

biological growth processes that enable orderly changes in behavior, relatively uninfluenced by experience

Question 6

schema

Answer 6

a concept or framework that organizes and interprets information

Question 7

assimilation

Answer 7

interpreting our new experiences of our existing schemas

Question 8

accommodation

Answer 8

adapting our current schemas to incorporated new information

Question 9

sensorimotor stage

Answer 9

in Piaget’s theory, the stage (from birth to 2) during which infants know the world mostly in terms of their sensory impressions and motor activities

Question 10

object permanence

Answer 10

the awareness that things continue to exist even when not perceived

Question 11

preoperational stage

Answer 11

in Piaget’s theory, the stage during which a child learns to use language but does not yet comprehend the logic

Question 12

conservation

Answer 12

the principle that properties such as mass, volume, and number remain the same despite changes in the form of objects

Question 13

egocentrism

Answer 13

when children have trouble switching perspectives to other beings

Question 14

concrete operational stage

Answer 14

in Piaget’s theory, the stage of cognitive development during which children gain the mental operations that enable them to think logically about concrete events

Question 15

formal operational stage

Answer 15

in Piaget’s theory, the stage of cognitive development during which people begin to think logically

Question 16

attachment

Answer 16

an emotional tie with another person: shown in young children by their seeking closeness to the caregiver and showing distress on separation.

Question 17

critical period

Answer 17

an optimal period shortly after birth when an organism’s exposure to certain stimuli or experiences produces proper development

Question 18

imprinting

Answer 18

the process by which certain animals form attachment during a critical period very early in life.

Question 19

Pre conventional Morality

Answer 19

(age 9) self-interest. obeying rules to avoid punishment or to gain concrete rewards

Question 20

Conventional Morality

Answer 20

By early adolescence, focuses on caring for others and upholding laws and social rules

Question 21

Post conventional Morality

Answer 21

actions based on self-defined principles, and the perceived rights of people

Question 22

identity

Answer 22

our sense of self; according to Erikson, the adolescent’s task is to solidify a sense of self by testing and integrating various roles

Question 23

social identity

Answer 23

the “we” aspect of our self-concept