Unit 9 Flashcards
order of baby development
zygote, embryo, fetus
teratogens
agents, chemicals, viruses, that can harm the fetus
fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)
babies getting fucked up by alcohol
habituation
decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation.
maturation
biological growth processes that enable orderly changes in behavior, relatively uninfluenced by experience
schema
a concept or framework that organizes and interprets information
assimilation
interpreting our new experiences of our existing schemas
accommodation
adapting our current schemas to incorporated new information
sensorimotor stage
in Piaget’s theory, the stage (from birth to 2) during which infants know the world mostly in terms of their sensory impressions and motor activities
object permanence
the awareness that things continue to exist even when not perceived
preoperational stage
in Piaget’s theory, the stage during which a child learns to use language but does not yet comprehend the logic
conservation
the principle that properties such as mass, volume, and number remain the same despite changes in the form of objects
egocentrism
when children have trouble switching perspectives to other beings
concrete operational stage
in Piaget’s theory, the stage of cognitive development during which children gain the mental operations that enable them to think logically about concrete events
formal operational stage
in Piaget’s theory, the stage of cognitive development during which people begin to think logically
attachment
an emotional tie with another person: shown in young children by their seeking closeness to the caregiver and showing distress on separation.
critical period
an optimal period shortly after birth when an organism’s exposure to certain stimuli or experiences produces proper development
imprinting
the process by which certain animals form attachment during a critical period very early in life.
Pre conventional Morality
(age 9) self-interest. obeying rules to avoid punishment or to gain concrete rewards
Conventional Morality
By early adolescence, focuses on caring for others and upholding laws and social rules
Post conventional Morality
actions based on self-defined principles, and the perceived rights of people
identity
our sense of self; according to Erikson, the adolescent’s task is to solidify a sense of self by testing and integrating various roles
social identity
the “we” aspect of our self-concept
