Unit 12

Question 1

psychological disorder

Answer 1

deviant, distressful, and dysfunctional patterns of thoughts, feelings, or behaviors

Question 2

attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

Answer 2

a psychological disorder marked by the appearance by age 7 of one or more of three key symptoms: extreme inattention, hyperactivity, impulsivity

Question 3

medical model

Answer 3

the concept that diseases, in this case psychological disorders, have physical causes that can be diagnosed, treated, and in most cases, cured, often through hospital treatment

Question 4

DSM-IV-TR

Answer 4

the American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Used to classify mental disorders

Question 5

anxiety disorders

Answer 5

psychological disorders characterized by distressing, persistent anxiety or maladaptive behaviors that reduce anxiety

Question 6

generalized anxiety disorder

Answer 6

an anxiety disorder in which a person is continually tense, apprehensive, and in a state of autonomic nervous arousal

Question 7

panic disorder

Answer 7

an anxiety disorder marked by unpredictable minutes-long episodes of intense dread in which a person experiences terror and accompanying chest pain, choking, or other frightening sensations

Question 8

phobia

Answer 8

an anxiety disorder marked by a persistent, irrational fear and avoidance of a specific object, activity, or situation

Question 9

obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)

Answer 9

an anxiety disorder characterized by unwanted repetitive thoughts (obsessions) and / or actions (compulsions)

Question 10

post-tramautic stress disorder (PTSD)

Answer 10

an anxiety disorder characterized by haunting memories, nightmares, social withdrawal, jumpy anxiety, and / or insomnia that lingers for four weeks or more after a traumatic experience

Question 11

post-traumatic growth

Answer 11

positive psychological changes as a result of struggling with extremely challenging circumstances and life crises

Question 12

somatoform disorder

Answer 12

psychological disorder in which the symptoms take a somatic (bodily) form without apparent physical cause

Question 13

conversion disorder

Answer 13

a rare somatoform disorder in which a person experiences very specific genuine physical symptoms for which no physiological basis can be found.

Question 14

hypochondriasis

Answer 14

a somatoform disorder in which a person interprets normal physical sensations as symptoms of a diseases

Question 15

dissociative disorders

Answer 15

disorders in which consciousness awareness becomes separated (dissociated) from previous memories, thoughts, and feelings

Question 16

dissociative identity disorder (DID)

Answer 16

a rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities. Formerly called multiple personality disorders

Question 17

mood disorders

Answer 17

psychological disorders characterized by emotional extremes

Question 18

major depressive disorder

Answer 18

a mood disorder in which a person experiences, in the absence of drugs or a medical condition, two or more weeks of a significantly depressed moods, feelings of worthlessness, and diminished interest or pleasure in most activities

Question 19

mania

Answer 19

a mood disorder marked by a hyperactive, wildly optimistic state

Question 20

bipolar disorder

Answer 20

a mood disorder in which the person alternates between the hopelessness and lethargy of depression and the overexcited state of mania

Question 21

schizophrenia

Answer 21

a group of severe disorders characterized by disorganized and delusional thinking, disturbed perceptions, and inappropriate emotions and actions

Question 22

delusions

Answer 22

false beliefs of persecution or grandeur, that may accompany psychotic disorders

Question 23

personality disorders

Answer 23

psychological disorders characterized by inflexible and enduring behavior patterns that impair social functioning

Question 24

antisocial personality disorder

Answer 24

a personality disorder in which the person (usually a man) exhibits a lack of conscience for wrongdoing, even towards friends and family members.