Unit 9 Flashcards
a diagram used to show the inheritance of a trait or disease through a family; similar to a family tree
pedigree
a diagram containing pictures of an individual’s chromosomes; chromosomes are taken from cells in metaphase of mitosis
Karyotype
the first 22 pairs (1-44)
autosomes
determine the gender; only 1 pair #23/ last pair . They can be XX or XY
sex chromosomes
a failure of chromosomes to separate during meiosis; results in an ab-normal; either too many or too few
nondisjunction
has 3 chromosomes in a pair, an extra chromosome, 47 chromosomes
trisomy
has only 1 chromosome in a pair, missing chromosome, only 45 chromosomes
monosomy
a diagram containing a series of bonds that represent clumps of DNA of varying lengths; DNA pieces of the same size clump together and form the bands
DNA fingerprint
the construction of forming the bands for DNA fingerprint
Gel electrophoresis
produce a thick heavy mucus that clogs their lungs and breathing passageways, autosomal recessive, chromosome 7
cystic fibrosis
most African Americans, produces sickle cell shaped red blood cells, co dominant
sickle cell disease anemia
an ability to see certain colors, mostly males sex linked trait
colorblindness
blood clotting disorder most common in males, sex linked
hemophilia
results in progressive weakening and loss of skeletal muscle; most male, sex linked
Duchene muscular dystrophy
3 copies of chromosome: 21, trisomy 21; many physical deformations, mental retardation, nondisjunction
down syndrome
