cell division

Question 1

why do cells divide ?

Answer 1

the larger a cell becomes the more demands the cell places on it’s DNA

Question 2

what can happen if a cell grows too large ?

Answer 2

it will have trouble moving enough nutrients and waste across the cell membrane

Question 3

what is the most important thing a cell must do before it can divide? why?

Answer 3

all DNA must be copied the two copies separate so that each daughter cell ends up with a complete set of DNA

Question 4

what are the two main stages of cell division

Answer 4

mitosis, cytokinesis

Question 5

what are the two major phases of the cell cycle?

Answer 5

interphase and cell division

Question 6

what are the three phases of interphase

Answer 6

G1, S, G2

Question 7

which phase of the cell cycle accounts for the majority of the cell’s life?

Answer 7

interphase

Question 8

what are the 4 phases of mitosis, in order?

Answer 8

P,M,A,T

Question 9

when does cytokinesis occur

Answer 9

during telophase

Question 10

what is the difference in the way animal cells and plant cells undergo cytokinesis ?

Answer 10

animals have a cleavage furrow that pinches the cell membrane inward until the cell is pinched into two separate cells. plants have a cell plate that forms midway, between the two nuclei.

Question 11

what is the product of mitosis

Answer 11

two identical daughter cells

Question 12

what is the importance of carrying out mitosis properly

Answer 12

to have cells who do their job correctly

Question 13

what happens when cells come in contact with each other

Answer 13

they stop dividing; slows down

Question 14

what can happen if a cell grows uncontrollably

Answer 14

it can damage cells around it

Question 15

what do all cancers have in common

Answer 15

their protein regulations have failed to do their jobs

Question 16

which type of reproduction is carried out by bacteria, specifically what is this called

Answer 16

a sexual; binary fission

Question 17

are the copies of each chromosome, one coming from each parent

Answer 17

homologous chromosomes

Question 18

are gametes haploid or diploid

Answer 18

haploid

Question 19

what is the purpose of meiosis

Answer 19

the purpose is to reduce the chromosome number of the egg and sperm by half

Question 20

how are mitosis and meiosis alike? how are they different?

Answer 20

they both divide to make new cells mitosis makes 2 (2N) cells—–> meiosis makes 4 (1N) cells

Question 21

when do homologoues/homologous

Answer 21

anaphase 1

Question 22

what is the result of meiosis

Answer 22

4 haploid cells

Question 22

when do chromatids separate

Answer 22

anaphase

Question 23

when does crossing over take place

Answer 23

prophase 1

Question 24

why is crossing over important

Answer 24

it creates unique genes, and creates diversity

Question 25

how many gametes are actually produced in males? females?

Answer 25

males-4, females-1

Question 26

The body cells division

Answer 26

Mitosis

Question 27

The division of the cytoplasm

Answer 27

Cytokinesis

Question 28

The two identical duplicated copies of a chromosome

Answer 28

Sister chromatids

Question 29

Offspring are produced by one parent each parent passes all of its genes to the offspring

Answer 29

Asexual reproduction

Question 30

Occurs when a parent cell forms a bubble like bud. The bud stays attached to the parent cell while it grows and develops

Answer 30

Budding

Question 31

Occurs when new plants grow from parts of the parent plant ;

Answer 31

Vegetative propagation

Question 32

The union of sperm and egg

Answer 32

Fertilization

Question 33

A fertilized egg

Answer 33

Zygote

Question 34

Sex cells ( egg and sperm)

Answer 34

Gametes

Question 35

Where sister chromatids are attached

Answer 35

Centromere

Question 36

Sexual reproduction

Answer 36

Needs 2 parents and gets half of each parents genes

Question 37

Full dna ( 2N)

Answer 37

Diploid

Question 38

Half DNA (1N)

Answer 38

Haploid

Question 39

Pair of homologous chromosomes

Answer 39

Tetrads

Question 40

When homologous pairs twist and break off forming new genes

Answer 40

Crossing over

Question 41

Non functional cells left over from female meiosis

Answer 41

Polar bodies