major macromolecules Flashcards
what elements are found in carbs? in what ratio
CHO, 1:2:1
what are examples of carbs?
sugars, starches, and cellulose
what is the main function of carbs?
living things use carbohydrates as their main energy
contain only one molecule of sugar, glucose
monosaccharides
composed of 2 molecules of sugar bonded together
disaccharides
composed of many molecules of sugar bonded together, starch.
polysaccharides
the way plants store excess glucose
starch
the way animals store excess glucose
glycogen
what makes up the majority of the plant cell walls
cellulose
3 common types of lipids
fats, oil,waxes
what are the 2 parts of a lipid
glycerol, fatty acids
what is a triglyceride
3 fatty acids, one glycerol
what are the solid lipids called
saturated fats
what are the liquid lipids called
unsaturated fats
what is the difference between saturated and unsaturated
unsaturated has a double bond, saturated is a single bond
what are nucleic acids made of
nucleotide
what elements are found in nucleic acids?
CHONP
what are the 2 types of nucleic acids
dna, rna
what is the function of nucleic acids
store and transmit genetic information.
what are proteins made of
amino acids
how do amino acids differ
the difference in the side chain or R group
what is the biological catalyst
an enzyme ( proteins that speed up the chemical reactions of the cell)
are enzymes reusable
yes they can be used over and over again
why are enzymes so important to life
because without them the cell will die.
