UNIT 8 (I'M DONE WITH ORGANIZATION) Flashcards
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA Bighsheets only
Innate behavior
Born with this (like breathing)
Learned behavior
Learn it from something (like talking)
Stimulus –> response on a macro level examples
Signal transduction pathways, +/- feedback
What leads organisms to exchange info with each other?
Internal changes, external cues (this unit is dumb as heck)
Example of plant responses to stimuli
Plant is wounded by caterpillar, chemical in saliva signals a signal transduction pathway which triggers synthesis and release of volatile attractants to recruit parastoid wasps to lay eggs in the caterpillars
Examples of animal responses to stimuli
Flight or flight response (amygdala reacts to threat, hypothalamus activates the sympathetic nervous system, release of adrenaline, adrenal cortex releases cortisol (no sleep) so you are more awake)
Prarie Dog yapping (altruism)
What is photoperiodism
physiological (function/behavior) response to light and darkness periods in a day or season (this much light measured by photoreceptors –> you get a flower!)
What is phototropism?
movement/change in response to light stimulus
What is the opposite of nocturnal and what features accompany it?
Diurnal, pupil dilation and sometimes camoflage
How does behavior affect fitness? (territory marking/flower colors)
Territory marking –> tells others it is your place –> your ecological niche now
Flower colors/smells –> attracts pollinators or prey –> better for mating/survival
Methods of animal communitcation
Coloration, pheremons, vocalizing, etc
T or F animals stick together to be nice
F they had a better evolutionary advantage and are selected for (though it’s T in my heart)
Exponential growth formula
dN/dt or Births-Deaths = rmaxN
Left side: Population size increase/decrease
Right side: rmax=growth rate, current # of organisms in population
Logistic growth formula
dN/dt or Births-Deaths = rmaxN((K-N)/K)
K = carrying capacity
N = current population size
rmax = growth rate
define biotic and abiotic
living and nonliving
what do ecosystems in a biome share
climate, rainfall, temperature, air/soil quality - basically what the organisms require to survive
Simpson’s diversity index formula
1-Σ(n/N)²
n=number of organisms in one species
N= total number of organisms in all species
Factors that inhibit population growth (density dependent)
Biotic - disease, predators, competition
Factors that inhibit population growth (density independent)
Natural disasters/other abiotic factors
how does an organism’s size affect its metabolic rate per unit of mass?
Smaller has higher metabolic rate per unit of mass because they have higher SA:V ratios so heat is lost more easily
T or F Living systems require a constant input of energy
True and we got the sun for that
What does it mean and what are the benefits of being an endotherm?
Generate heat through metabolism to maintain constant body temp (warm blooded)
- Can be more flexible with environment
What does it mean and what are the benefits of being an ectotherm?
Body temp changes with environment, use behaviors to regulate
- can use less energy
how do you have an energy gain or loss?
Net gain: Mass/weight gain (biomass) - more photosynth. or energy intake than used
Net loss: decreased biomass/death
