Unit 8: Ankle and Foot Quiz

Question 1

(Blank) is the anatomical name for “sickling,” which is a combination of plantar flexion, inversion and aDduction.

Answer 1

Supination

Question 2

Pronation, also known as “winging” or “beveling,” occurs at the (blank) joint[s].

Answer 2

subtalar, transverse tarsal and ankle

Question 3

The [fill in] arch is structural only; it widens and flattens with weight-bearing.

Answer 3

Anterior transverse arch

Question 4

The [fill in] ligament is commonly injured in a landing that involves adduction, supination and plantar flexion.

Answer 4

Anterior talo-fibular

Question 5

The [fill in] ligament is so strong that the medial malleolus is more likely to break than for this ligament to be ruptured or torn.

Answer 5

Deltoid

Question 6

If you dance with your weight back, the [fill in] muscle, which passes over the ankle, works to keep you from falling backward.

Answer 6

Tibialis anterior

Question 7

If you dance with your weight forward, the [fill in] muscle, which passes over the ankle, works to keep you from falling forward.

Answer 7

Soleus

Question 8

When doing a knee bend with heels on the floor, the posterior calf muscle, [fill in], is getting a stretch.

Answer 8

Soleus

Question 9

The [fill in] muscle is extremely important in the push off during running and jumping.

Answer 9

Flexor hallucis longus

Question 10

Pes Planus or flat feet are the result of loosened [fill in] on the plantar aspect of the foot.

Answer 10

ligaments

Question 11

[Fill in] refers to a foot in which the 2nd metatarsal is longer than the first.

Answer 11

Morton’s toe

Question 12

When curling your toes up and back toward your tibia, your interphalangeal joints are in what position?

Answer 12

Hyperextension

Question 13

A [fill in] is a bony callous on the great metatarsal head.

Answer 13

Bunion

Question 14

If you are in pain, it will not disrupt healing to take ibuprofen [fill in] days after an injury?

Answer 14

three

Question 15

The medical name for the condition known as the flip-flop disease among US podiatrists is [fill in].

Answer 15

plantar fasciitis

Question 16

It is [fill in] that one should immobilize most injuries until they are healed.

Answer 16

False

Question 17

You should ice an injury no longer than [fill in] hours after its occurrence.

Answer 17

48

Question 18

[blank] protect the foot from short violent stress, while [blank] resist sustained stress.

Answer 18

ligaments, muscles

Question 19

Why is it significant that ligaments protect from violent stress, while muscles resist sustained stress?

Answer 19

Elise’s answer:
Ligaments can become overstretched if they are constantly holding your postural muscles in check, so it is important to strengthen the muscles around them first. This way, they are only being used for shock absorption, and not getting overused. If you are using your ligaments to hold posture, they won’t be available resist violent stress.

Katarina’a answer: Knowing this information, we don’t want to use our ligaments for postural purposes and by avoiding this the ligaments will be ready to bear shock absorption. A dancer should condition their slow twitch muscles for sustained stress.
T.A.’s Correction on K’s answer: Yes - Habitual standing in pronation will overstretch the deltoid ligament making injury to the medial aspect of the foot more likely during jumping or leaping because muscles are designed to provide protection against sustained stress––not short violent stress.

Question 20

What are three possible causes of shin splints?

Answer 20

Elise’s Answer:
-dancing on hard floors

-short Achilles/tight calves

-leg length disparity

Katarina’s Answer:

1) Improper landing

2) dancing on hard floors

3) weight consistently too forward or too back

Question 21

Are dancers (with the exception of Irish dancers, perhaps) more likely to need stretching of the gastrocnemius or the soleus? Why?

Answer 21

Elise’s Answer:
Gastrocnemius, because when we are in plie we stretch the soleus. Irish dancers stay upright and are not in plie as often.

Katarina’s Answer: Dancers are more likely to need to stretch the gastrocnemius because we plie more often than Irish dancers which focus on the soleus.

Question 22

What makes it possible for the foot to have such a varied range of motion and expansive expressive palette?

Answer 22

Elise’s Answer:
We have 100 muscles and 31 joints in each foot! Each one articulates and interdigitates with several others, giving us a large range of motion.

Katarina’s Answer: The foot and ankle have 31 joints. Similar to the hands, the foot allows for triplanar motion and the anatomy of the foot makes the foot able to be more expressive.