Unit 6: Upper Muscles Quiz

Question 1

Question 1
1 / 1 pts
The sciatic nerve runs close to or through the deep external rotator muscle called the [fill in].

Answer 1

piriformis

Question 2

Question 2
1 / 1 pts
The [fill in] is often called the “walking muscle” and helps to prevent a dancer from “sitting into” his/her/their hip.

Answer 2

gluteus medius

Question 3

Question 3
1 / 1 pts
The [fill in] are erroneously referred to as the “horse-back riding muscles.

Answer 3

Correct Answers:

adductor muscles
adductors
pectineus

Question 4

Question 4
1 / 1 pts
The [fill in] is the muscle sometimes called the “bridge” between the spine and the legs.

Answer 4

psoas

Question 5

Question 5
1 / 1 pts
The [fill in] plays a critical role in both urinary and fecal continence as well as stabilization of the joints of the pelvis.

Answer 5

Correct Answers:

pelvic diaphragm
pelvic floor

Question 6

Question 6
The 1[fill in] (specify which abdominal muscle) and the 2[fill in] work in opposition to stabilize each lumbar vertebra.

Answer 6

Answer 1:
Correct Answers
transversus abdominis
transversus
abdominals

Answer 2:
Correct Answers
multifidi
multifidus
multifdus muscle
multifidi muscles

Question 7

Question 7 TRUE OR FALSE The deep external rotators are posterior to the hip joint.

Answer 7

TRUE: The deep external rotators are posterior to the hip joint.

Question 8

Question 8 TRUE OR FALSE When the diaphragm contracts, air is exhaled.

Answer 8

false

Question 9

Question 9 According to Clippenger, to increase external rotation and decrease compression symptoms in the knee during a deep knee bend while in lateral rotation, a dancer should use the
1[fill in] for external rotation;
the 2 [fill in] to prevent anterior pelvic tilt;
and the 3[fill in]eccentrically to control the speed of hip flexion.

Answer 9

Answer 1:
deep external rotators
external rotators
lateral rotators
deep lateral rotators

Answer 2:
abdominals
abdominal muscles

Answer 3:
adductors
adductor muscles

Question 10

Question 10 Why is it important to make sure two-jointed muscles are properly warmed up?

Answer 10

Katarina’s Response: By warming up you access the optimal use of a two-jointed muscle and it reduces tension which prevents injury at one or both joints. Muscles will work at their full potential and it helps reduce tension at the joint so they don’t contract at the same time.

Someone else’s response:
They often get strained because they act at two joints.
It ensures that the muscles are working the most efficiently since they will be warm and able to function at their full potential. This also helps to release tension at one end of the joint, so that both sides of the joint are not contracting at the same time.

T.A. Correction: “They often get strained because they act at two joints”

Question 11

Question 11 Why might a beginner have difficulty keeping her/his/their knee straight in a kick to the front?

Answer 11

Katarina’s Response: A beginner would have difficulty keeping her/his/their knee straight in a kick to the front because it involves a two-joint action and if the muscles are not strong there then it would be hard to stabilize and also if they are not aware of what’s involved then it would be difficult as well.

Someone else’s response:
The hamstrings are on stretch at both the knee and the hip, so if their stretching length is not great enough the knee will bend.

T.A. Correction: Mostly, the hamstrings are a two-joint muscle and are on stretch at both the knee and the hip, so if their stretching length is not great enough the knee will bend. So it is more that if their muscle is tight it will bend the knee.

Question 12

Question 12 If you use your gluteus maximus as an external rotator, how might this affect a kick to the front?

Answer 12

Katarina’s Response: This would prevent the leg from going as high as it could because the gluteus maximus is an antagonist to the action.

Someone else’s response:
The action of the GM is antagonistic to hip flexion. The most height will be attained if the GM is relaxed.

Question 13

Question 13 Of the iliopsoas group, which muscle is NOT a spinal flexor? Why?

Answer 13

Katarina’s Response: The iliacus because of its origin doesn’t begin at the spine therefore is not involved in spinal flexion.

Someone else’s response: The iliacus is not a spinal flexor, because it originates at the pelvis and is not connected to the spine.

Question 14

Question 14 Would you suspect the erector spinae, antigravity muscles of the spine, to be primarily composed of slow twitch or fast twitch fibers? Why?

Answer 14

Katarina’s Response: The erector spinae is most likely composed of slow twitch fibers because it supports the postural movement of the spine and prevents fatigue.

Someone else’s response:
Slow twitch, because it is a long term stabilization muscle, and it is postural. Maintaining posture is not a quick burst of power; it is a long term “marathon”.