Unit 7: World War One

Question 1

World War One has been called

Answer 1

“The Great War”, “the war to end all wars”, “the first total war”, and the war “to make the world safe for democracy”

Question 2

WWI was the result of

Answer 2

militarism, alliances, imperialism, and nationalism

Question 3

The Balkan Peninsula

Answer 3

“the powder keg of Europe”

Question 4

the spark that ignited the war

Answer 4

June 28, 1914 assassination of the Austro-Hungarian Archduke Franz Ferdinand by Serbian Gavrilo Principe (of the Black Hand) in Sarajevo, Bosnia

Question 5

Triple Alliance

Answer 5

Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy

Question 6

Triple Entente

Answer 6

Britain, France, and Russia

Question 7

What happened when Germany offered Austria-Hungary a blank check & Russia mobilized to defend the Slavs?

Answer 7

Germany declared war on Russia and France & invaded neutral Belgium; Britain responded and declared war on Germany

Question 8

Allied Powers

Answer 8

Britain, France, Russia, Serbia, Belgium, Italy, Japan, Greece, Romania, Portugal, & US

Question 9

Central Powers

Answer 9

Germany, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire, & Bulgaria

Question 10

Anglo-German Alliance

Answer 10

During WWI, the British blockaded Germany to prevent them from getting supplies to fight the war and 750,000 Germans starved. The Germans counter-blockaded Britain, torpedoed British ships and 75,000 Britons drowned. Upon the death of Queen Victoria, her grandsons George V and Wilhelm II signed Anglo-German Alliance

Question 11

Saxe-Coburg-Gothe

Answer 11

British royal family (with German roots since the Hanover dynasty) who changed their surname from Saxe-Courge-Goth to Windsor in response to anti-German sentiment

Question 12

the Schlieffen Plan

Answer 12

in the summer of 1914, the Germans set out to defeat France quickly and then defeat Russia and win the war

Question 13

the Battle of Tannenberg

Answer 13

the German Army nearly destroyed the Russian Army

Question 14

the German Army nearly destroyed the Russian Army

Answer 14

the French Army stopped the Germany Army on the Western Front

Question 15

trench warfare

Answer 15

unlike the Eastern Front, the British, French, and Belgians fought trench warfare

Question 16

new military technologies

Answer 16

tanks, machine guns, artillery, zeppelins (blimps), U-boats (submarines), and airplanes

Question 17

the Second Battle of Ypres

Answer 17

the Germans used poison gas

Question 18

the Battle of Gallipoli

Answer 18

when the Allies tried to take control of Turkey, the ANZACs were sacrificed in a suicide mission

Question 19

the Battle of Verdun

Answer 19

the French fought the Germans to stalemate within a space of 10 miles

Question 20

the Battle of the Somme

Answer 20

one million soldiers died; morale was waning and nationalists within the empires rose up

Question 21

the Easter Uprising

Answer 21

Irish republicans staged an unsuccessful independence movement

Question 22

the Armenian Genocide

Answer 22

on the Eastern Front many Armenians supported Russia rather than the Ottoman Empire, and the Turks responded by killing one million Armenians

Question 23

Arthur Zimmerman Telegram

Answer 23

German Foreign Minister who attempted to form an alliance with Mexico

Question 24

John J. Pershing

Answer 24

General who led the American Expeditionary Force

Question 25

led the British

Answer 25

Douglas Haig & Herbert Kitchener

Question 26

led the French

Answer 26

Joseph Joffre & Ferdinand Foch

Question 27

led the Germans

Answer 27

Paul von Hindenburg & Erich Ludendorff

Question 28

Mata Hari

Answer 28

a spy from the neutral Netherlands, who used her feminine wiles to get information, became a double agent for the Germans and was executed by the French

Question 29

Sidney Reilly

Answer 29

“the ace of spies” for Scotland Yard, was born in Russia, worked for the Allies, and then executed by the Bolsheviks

Question 30

Manfred von Richthofen

Answer 30

German ace pilot who became known as the Red Baron and shot down 80 planes before he was killed

Question 31

T.E. Lawrence

Answer 31

British Colonel who led the Arabs against the Turks, and they captured Jerusalem

Question 32

Arthur Balfour

Answer 32

British Foreign Secretary who proposed the creation of the modern state of Israel in Palestine after the war and the breakup of the Ottoman Empire

Question 33

Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

Answer 33

In the spring of 1918, after the March Revolution and the abdication of Czar Nicholas II, Lenin and the Bolsheviks signed Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, which was an armistice with Germany and a loss of territory

Question 34

the Battle of Amiens

Answer 34

made clear that the Central Powers had lost the war

Question 35

Veterans’ Day

Answer 35

the armistice was signed

Question 36

The Big Four

Answer 36

David Lloyd-George of Britain, George Clemenceau of France, Vittorio Orlando of Italy, and Woodrow Wilson of the US

Question 37

Paris Peace Conference

Answer 37

blamed Germany entirely with the War Guilt Clause & punished the defeated country severely (with reparations, territorial loss of Alsace and Lorraine, demilitarization, and occupation of the Rhineland); although Wilson’s 14 Points were largely ignored, they tried to follow the principle of self-determination

Question 38

New nations created after the war

Answer 38

Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Bulgaria, Yugoslavia, Turkey, Czechoslovakia, and separate Austria and Hungary

Question 39

League of Nations

Answer 39

(United Nations today) was created (also one of Wilson’s Fourteen Points), but the Senate rejected the Treaty and did not approve US membership in the League because many Americans had become isolationists

Question 40

US participation in the war

Answer 40

In April 1917, the US joined the Allied war effort; US soldiers only fought in Europe for one year but American manpower and resources were invaluable